Consider the table below showing A as the age group under 30 years old

who purchases 2 different brands of shoes. Answer the questions below.

Age Group Brand X Brand Y Total

A(Under 30 years old) 6% 34% 40%
A’(30 years and older) 9% 51% 60%
Total 15% 85% 100%

1. What is the probability that a person chosen at random purchases brand

X?
2. What is the probability that a person chosen at random is under 30 years
old?
3. What is the probability that a person chosen at random purchases brand X
and is under 30 years old?
4. What is the probability that a person chosen at random purchases brand X,
given that he or she is under 30 years old?
Conditional
Probability of
Independent Events
Two events A and B is said to be
independent if, either
i. 𝑃 𝐴 𝐵 = 𝑃 𝐴 , 𝑖. 𝑒. , 𝑃 𝐵 𝐴 =
𝑃 𝐵 , or equivalently,
ii. 𝑃 𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 = 𝑃 𝐴 × 𝑃 𝐵
Examples:
2. A card is drawn from a regular deck of cards. What is
the probability that it is:
a. A black card, given that it is a face card?
ANSWER
b. A numbered card, given that it is red?
ANSWER
c. A clove, given that it is a face card?
ANSWER
d. A diamond card, given that it is red?
ANSWER
Solve for the following completely:
1. A box contains 26 balls. 9 of which are large and blue, 13 are blue,
13 are green, and 4 are small and green. If a ball is picked
randomly. What is the probability that it is large given that it is blue?
ANSWER
2. In a classroom of 50 students that are taking an exam in two
subjects(Math and English) , 30 are male, and 20 are female. 15 of
the male students take Math, while 10 of the girl students take
English. What is the probability that a student chosen is taking Math,
given that he is a male? ANSWER
3. A card is drawn from a regular deck of cards. If the card taken is a
numbered card, What is the probability that it is a diamond?
ANSWER
4. In a bouquet of 18 flowers with two colors(red and white), 10 of
which are roses, and 8 of which are daisies. 5 of the roses are red,
and 4 of the daisies are white. What is the probability that the flower
chosen will be a rose, given that it is white? ANSWER
5. In item #2, what is the probability that a student chosen is a female,
given that she is taking Math? ANSWER
Solve the following problems:
1. What is the probability of drawing an ace in a
regular deck of card if the card drawn is a
black card?

2. Given that the 𝑃 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑑 𝑏𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑘 in a

9
regular deck of card is . What is the
13
probability of getting a numbered card?
 Assignment
A box has 100 pieces of colored paper. 40 are
red, 32 are blue, and 28 are green. If each color
has 50% of long and 50% of short. What is the
probability of picking a red colored paper given
that its size is long?
Goodbye Class !!
(=
a. Given that probability P(S)= 0.3, and P(Q)= 0.5,
find the following probabilities.

𝑃 𝑆∩𝑄

SOLUTION:
𝑃 𝑆∩𝑄 =𝑃 𝑆 ×𝑃 𝑄
= 0.3 × 0.5
= 0.15

<Back
b. Given that probability P(S)= 0.3, and
P(Q)= 0.5, find the following probabilities.

𝑃 𝑆|𝑄
SOLUTION:
𝑃(𝑆∩𝑄)
𝑃 𝑆|𝑄 =
𝑃(𝑄)
0.15
=
0.5
= 0.3
<Back
a. A black card, given that it is a face
card?

SOLUTION:
𝑃(𝐵∩𝐹) 26 1
𝑃 𝐵|𝐹 = 𝑃 𝐵 = 𝑜𝑟
52 2
𝑃(𝐹)
6
= 52
12
52

6 1
= OR
12 2
<Back
b. A numbered card, given that it is red?

SOLUTION:
𝑃(𝑁∩𝑅) 36 9
𝑃 𝑁|𝑅 = 𝑃 𝑁 = 𝑜𝑟
𝑃(𝑅) 52 13
18
= 52
26
52

18 9
= OR
26 13
<Back
c. A clove, given that it is a face card?

SOLUTION:
𝑃(𝐶∩𝐹) 13 1
𝑃 𝐶|𝐹 = 𝑃 𝐶 = 𝑜𝑟
𝑃(𝐹) 52 4

3
= 52
12
52

3 1 <Back
= OR
12 4
d. A diamond card, given that it is red?

SOLUTION:
𝑃(𝐷∩𝑅) 13 1
𝑃 𝐷|𝑅 = 𝑃 𝐷 = 𝑜𝑟
𝑃(𝑅) 52 4
13
= 52
26
52

13 1
= OR
26 2 <Back
1. 𝑃 𝐿|𝐵

SOLUTION:
𝑃(𝐿∩𝐵)
𝑃 𝐿|𝐵 =
𝑃(𝐵)
9
= 26
13
26

9
=
13 <Back
2. 𝑃 𝑀𝑎𝑡ℎ|𝑀𝑎𝑙𝑒

SOLUTION:
𝑃(𝑀𝑎𝑡ℎ∩𝑀𝑎𝑙𝑒)
𝑃 𝑀𝑎𝑡ℎ|𝑀𝑎𝑙𝑒 =
𝑃(𝑀𝑎𝑙𝑒)

15
= 50
30
50

15 1
= OR
30 2
<Back
3. 𝑃 𝐷|𝑁

SOLUTION:
𝑃(𝐷∩𝑁)
𝑃 𝐷|𝑁 =
𝑃(𝑁)

9
= 52
36
52

9 1
= OR
36 4 <Back
2. 𝑃 𝑅|𝑊

SOLUTION:
𝑃(𝑅∩𝑊)
𝑃 𝑅|𝑊 =
𝑃(𝑊)

4
= 18
8
18

4 1
= OR
8 2 <Back
2. 𝑃 𝐹|𝑀

SOLUTION:
𝑃(𝐹∩𝑀)
𝑃 𝐹|𝑀 =
𝑃(𝑀)

10
= 50
25
50

10 2
= OR
25 5 <Back