Professional Documents
Culture Documents
GEOTECHNICAL
APPLICATIONS
OF
ROCK MECHANICS
Part 1
ROCK
DURABILITY
AND USE AS
DIMENSION
STONE
Dimension Stone
• Quarried dimension
stone has been
used as a building
material dating to
6000 BC in Jericho
• Used extensively
for foundations,
bridges, aqueducts,
road surfacing, and
military
fortifications
Apennine highway in Italy Tioga Pass near Yosemite Machu Picchu, in Peru
• 100-90 Excellent
• 90-75 Good
• 75-50 Fair
• 50-25 Poor
• <25 Very poor
the reported RQD value varies along
the scan line of the recovered core
• The Rock Mass Rating (RMR) System, or Geomechanics
Classification, was introduced by Dick Bieniawski in
1972-73. It has been continually refined, base don case
studies of actual excavations.
• “Rock” is a subjective term. Karl Terzaghi
arbitrarily defined hard rock as any natural
material having qu > 4000 psi, which is same as
structural concrete.
• Even the hardest rocks are perturbed by
discontinuitities; such as these sheet joints,
which are essentially tensile fractures, which
form a never ending series of blocks.