CDI 101 Second Sem

Drug Education
And Vice
Control
PREPARED BY:
JOHN PATRICK B. DE JESUS
Important
Terms in Drug
Abuse
• Administer – Any act of introducing any
dangerous drug into the body of any person, with
or without his/her knowledge, by injection,
inhalation, ingestion or other means, or of
committing any act of indispensable assistance to
a person in administering a dangerous drug to
himself/herself unless administered by a duly
licensed practitioner for purposes of medication.
• Chemicals – is any substance taken into the body,
which alters the way, the mind and the bodywork.
• Chemical Abuse – is an instance when the use of
a chemical has produced a negative or harmful
consequence.
• Centers - Any of the treatment and rehabilitation
centers for drug dependents referred to in Section 34,
Article VIII of RA 9165.
• Chemical Diversion – The sale, distribution, supply or
transport of legitimately imported, in-transit,
manufactured or procured controlled precursors and
essential chemicals, in diluted, mixtures or in
concentrated form, to any person or entity engaged in
the manufacture of any dangerous drug, and shall
include packaging, repackaging, labeling, relabeling or
concealment of such transaction through fraud,
destruction of documents, fraudulent use of permits,
misdeclaration, use of front companies or mail fraud.
• Clandestine Laboratory – Any facility
used for the illegal manufacture of any
dangerous drug and/or controlled
precursor and essential chemical.
• Confirmatory Test. – An analytical test
using a device, tool or equipment with a
different chemical or physical principle
that is more specific which will validate
and confirm the result of the screening
test.
Controlled Delivery. – The investigative
technique of allowing an unlawful or suspect
consignment of any dangerous drug and/or
controlled precursor and essential chemical,
equipment or paraphernalia, or property
believed to be derived directly or indirectly
from any offense, to pass into, through or out
of the country under the supervision of an
authorized officer, with a view to gathering
evidence to identify any person involved in
any dangerous drugs related offense, or to
facilitate prosecution of that offense.
• Controlled Precursors and Essential Chemicals
– Include those listed in Tables I and II of the
1988 UN Convention Against Illicit Traffic in
Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances.
• Cultivate or Culture – Any act of knowingly
planting, growing, raising, or permitting the
planting, growing or raising of any plant
which is the source of a dangerous drug.
• Dangerous Drugs - are those that have high
tendency for abuse and dependency, these
substances may be organic or synthetic, and
pose harm to those who use them.
• Dangerous Drugs – Include those listed in
the Schedules annexed to the 1961 Single
Convention on Narcotic Drugs, as
amended by the 1972 Protocol, and in the
Schedules annexed to the 1971 Single
Convention on Psychotropic Substances as
enumerated in the attached.
• Deliver – Any act of knowingly passing a
dangerous drug to another, personally or
otherwise, and by any means, with or
without consideration.
• Den, Dive or Resort – A place where any
dangerous drug and/or controlled
precursor and essential chemical is
administered, delivered, stored for illegal
purposes, distributed, sold or used in any
form.
• Dispense – Any act of giving away,
selling or distributing medicine or any
dangerous drug with or without the use
of prescription.
• Drugs - are chemicals that affect a person in
such a way as to bring about physiological,
emotional, or behavioral change.
• Drug Abuse - is a patterned use of a

substance (drug) in which the user consumes
the substance in amounts or with methods
which are harmful to themselves or others.
Drug abuse exists when a person continually
uses a drug other than its intended purpose.
This continued use can lead to drug
addiction and dependency.
• Drug Addiction – a state of periodic or chronic (continuous)
intoxication (drunk) detrimental to individual and to the
society produced by the repeated consumption of drugs.
• It refers to the behavioral condition where an individual’s
need to obtain and use (especially, self-administer) drugs
becomes a strong fixation.
• It is a complex, and often chronic, brain disease. It is
characterized by excessive drug craving, seeking, and use.
Addiction is caused by brain changes caused by constant
drug use.
• Drug Experimenter - One who illegally, wrongfully, or
improperly uses any narcotics substances, marijuana or
dangerous drugs as defined not more than a few times for
reasons of curiosity, peer pressure or other similar reasons.
• Drug Dependence – As based on the World
Health Organization definition, it is a cluster of
physiological, behavioral and cognitive
phenomena of variable intensity, in which the use
of psychoactive drug takes on a high priority
thereby involving, among others, a strong desire
or a sense of compulsion to take the substance
and the difficulties in controlling substance-taking
behavior in terms of its onset, termination, or levels
of use.
• Drug Syndicate – Any organized group of two (2)
or more persons forming or joining together with
the intention of committing any drug related
offense.
• Employee of Den, Dive or Resort – The
caretaker, helper, watchman, lookout, and
other persons working in the den, dive or
resort, employed by the maintainer, owner
and/or operator where any dangerous drug
and/or controlled precursor and essential
chemical is administered, delivered,
distributed, sold or used, with or without
compensation, in connection with the
operation thereof.
• Financier – Any person who pays for, raises or
supplies money for, or underwrites any of the
illegal activities.
• Illegal Trafficking – The illegal cultivation, culture, delivery,
administration, dispensation, manufacture, sale, trading,
transportation, distribution, importation, exportation and
possession of any dangerous drug and/or controlled
precursor and essential chemical.
• Instrument – Any thing that is used in or intended to be used
in any manner in the commission of illegal drug trafficking or
related offenses.
• Laboratory Equipment – The paraphernalia, apparatus,
materials or appliances when used, intended for use or
designed for use in the manufacture of any dangerous drug
and/or controlled precursor and essential chemical, such as
reaction vessel, preparative/purifying equipment, fermenters,
separatory funnel, flask, heating mantle, gas generator, or
their substitute.
Manufacture – The production, preparation, compounding or
processing of any dangerous drug and/or controlled
precursor and essential chemical, either directly or indirectly
or by extraction from substances of natural origin, or
independently by means of chemical synthesis or by a
combination of extraction and chemical synthesis, and shall
include any packaging or repackaging of such substances,
design or configuration of its form, or labeling or relabeling of
its container; except that such terms do not include the
preparation, compounding, packaging or labeling of a drug
or other substances by a duly authorized practitioner as an
incident to his/her administration or dispensation of such drug
or substance in the course of his/her professional practice
including research, teaching and chemical analysis of
dangerous drugs or such substances that are not intended for
sale or for any other purpose.
• Cannabis or commonly known as "Marijuana"
or "Indian Hemp“ – Embraces every kind,
class, genus, or specie of the plant Cannabis
sativa L. including, but not limited to,
Cannabis americana, hashish, bhang, guaza,
churrus and ganjab, and embraces every
kind, class and character of marijuana,
whether dried or fresh and flowering,
flowering or fruiting tops, or any part or
portion of the plant and seeds thereof, and
all its geographic varieties, whether as a
reefer, resin, extract, tincture or in any form
whatsoever.
•Marijuana - obtained from an Indian
hemp plant known as “Cannabis
Sativa” a strong, handy ,annual shrub
which grows wild in temperature and
tropic regions. A mind altering
substance produced from cannavis
sativa, it is used because its primary
active chemical
Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) induces
relaxation and heightens the senses.
• Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)
or commonly known as "Ecstasy". – Refers to
the drug having such chemical composition,
including any of its isomers or derivatives in
any form.
• Methamphetamine Hydrochloride or
commonly known as "Shabu", "Ice", "Meth". –
Refers to the drug having such chemical
composition, including any of its isomers or
derivatives in any form.
• Narcotic Drug - is any drug that produces sleep or
stupor and relieves pain due to its depressant
effect on the central nervous system. A term
narcotic comes from the Greek word for sleep
“Narkotikos".
• Opium - Obtained from a female poppy plant
known as “Papaver Somniferum”. It comes from
the Greek word which means “juice”. It is the
original components of Morphine and Heroin.
• It was known to be cultivated in lower
Mesopotamia long ago as 3400 BC. In De
Medicina (30 AD), Aulus Cornelius Celsus specified
various uses for “Poppy Tears” as an emollient for
painful joints and anal crevices, in anodynes pills
promoting relief of pain through sleep.
• Opium. – Refers to the coagulated juice of the opium
poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) and embraces every kind,
class and character of opium, whether crude or prepared;
the ashes or refuse of the same; narcotic preparations
thereof or therefrom; morphine or any alkaloid of opium;
preparations in which opium, morphine or any alkaloid of
opium enters as an ingredient; opium poppy; opium poppy
straw; and leaves or wrappings of opium leaves, whether
prepared for use or not.
• Opium Poppy. – Refers to any part of the plant of the
species Papaver somniferum L., Papaver setigerum DC,
Papaver orientale, Papaver bracteatum and Papaver
rhoeas, which includes the seeds, straws, branches, leaves
or any part thereof, or substances derived therefrom, even
for floral, decorative and culinary purposes.
• Planting of Evidence – The willful act by any
person of maliciously and surreptitiously
inserting, placing, adding or attaching
directly or indirectly, through any overt or
covert act, whatever quantity of any
dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor
and essential chemical in the person, house,
effects or in the immediate vicinity of an
innocent individual for the purpose of
implicating, incriminating or imputing the
commission of any violation of RA 9165.
• Practitioner – Any person who is a licensed
physician, dentist, chemist, medical technologist,
nurse, midwife, veterinarian or pharmacist in the
Philippines.
• Protector/Coddler – Any person who knowingly
and willfully consents to the unlawful acts
provided for in this Act and uses his/her influence,
power or position in shielding, harboring,
screening or facilitating the escape of any person
he/she knows, or has reasonable grounds to
believe on or suspects, has violated the provisions
of this Act in order to prevent the arrest,
prosecution and conviction of the violator.
• Pusher – Any person who sells, trades,
administers, dispenses, delivers or gives away
to another, on any terms whatsoever, or
distributes, dispatches in transit or transports
dangerous drugs or who acts as a broker in
any of such transactions, in violation of RA
9165.
• Physical Dependence - An adaptive state
caused by repeated drug use that reveals
itself by development of intense physical
symptoms when the drug is stopped
(withdrawal syndrome).
• Psychological Dependence - An attachment
to drug use which arises from a drug ability to
satisfy some emotional or personality need of
an individual. (Physical dependence not
required but it does not seem to reinforce
psychological dependence.
• Rehabilitation - is a dynamic process directed
towards the changes on the health of the
person to prepare him from his fullest life
potentials and capabilities, and making him
law-abiding and productive member of the
community without abusing drugs.
• Screening Test. – A rapid test performed to establish
potential/presumptive positive result.
• Sell. – Any act of giving away any dangerous drug

and/or controlled precursor and essential chemical
whether for money or any other consideration.
• Trading. – Transactions involving the illegal trafficking of
dangerous drugs and/or controlled precursors and
essential chemicals using electronic devices such as,
but not limited to, text messages, email, mobile or
landlines, two-way radios, internet, instant messengers
and chat rooms or acting as a broker in any of such
transactions whether for money or any other
consideration in violation of RA 9165.
• Tolerance - it is the increasing dosage of drugs
to maintain the same effect.
• Treatment – Is a medical service rendered to a
client for the effective management of hit
total conditions related to drug abuse. It deals
with the physiological without abusing drugs.
• Use – Any act of injecting, intravenously or
intramuscularly, of consuming, either by
chewing, smoking, sniffing, eating, swallowing,
drinking or otherwise introducing into the
physiological system of the body, and of the
dangerous drugs.
Concept of drug abuse
• The wrongful, improper, illegal USE of ANY drug.
COMPULSION (urge to use

drug)
(euphoria) joy
TOLERANCE
ADDICTION
(Physical)
DEPENDENCY
(Psychological addiction)
DRUG ABUSE
• Deliberate use of medically useful drugs which

have the capacity to alter mood and behavior
without the benefit of a prescription.
• It refers to the use of a medically useful
mood-altering drug for a purpose different
from the one for which the drug has been
indicated.
• It refers to the use of a drug with such
frequency that it causes physical or mental
harm to the user or impairs social functioning.
DRUGS
• Any chemically active substance rendering a
specific effect on the central nervous system of
man.
• A chemical substance used in the treatment,
cure, prevention, or diagnosis of disease.
(Pharmacology)
• Are chemical substance that affect a person in
such a way as to bring about physiological,
emotional, or behavioral change. (DDB)
• It can either be natural and synthetic/artificial.
Natural - anything that
comes from nature.
Plants (Marijuana)
Synthetic - anything
that is produced
artificially or
processed in the
Ecstasy Shabu
laboratory.
When are drugs harmful?
•Any drug may be harmful when
taken in:
•Excess;
•Dangerous combinations;
•By hypersensitive (allergic) person
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TYPES AND USES OF DRUGS:
• Generally, drugs may be classified into legal and
illegal drugs. Laws and regulations control the
availability, quality and price of the "legal"
drugs.
• Medicines that doctors prescribe to patients
are examples of legal drugs. Illegal drugs, on
the other hand, have no price or quality
controls. This means that a user can never be
sure that the drug they are taking is in fact
what they think it is. The user also cannot be
sure of a drug's strength or purity.
What are drugs?
A drug is any substance which alters the way the body
functions. There are lots of different types of drugs.
Some drugs are legal. Many adults in the
UK regularly drink alcohol and smoke
tobacco.
Some drugs are illegal. Cannabis,
cocaine and Ecstasy are all illegal
drugs.
Some drugs, like paracetamol, have certain health

benefits. They help us overcome illnesses, diseases and
infection. It is still important
to be careful when taking these drugs.
•The prescriptive drugs- These are drugs
requiring from a doctor to allow a
purchase.
•The over the counter drugs- These are
drugs requiring written authorization
from a doctor to allow a purchase.
•Self medication syndrome
•Is found in users and would be users of
drugs whose sources of information are
people or literature other than doctors,
pharmacist and health workers. (member
of family, neighbours, relatives etc.)
The Physiology of Drugs
How drug works?
• Most of drugs works within a cell, a drug enters a
cells and participates in a few steps of the normal
sequence
• When two drugs are taken together, within a few
hours they may interact with unexpected results.
DRUG DOSAGE
• A dose of a drug is the amount taken at one time.
• The doses taken become an extremely important
part of drug abuse.
The most common drug in a dose can be described as:
• Minimal dose – the amount needed to treat or heal, that is,

the smallest amount of drug that will produce a therapeutic
effect.
• Maximal dose – the largest amount of a drug that will
produce a desired therapeutic effect without any
accompanying symptoms of toxicity.
• Toxic Dose – the amount of drug that produces untoward
effect or symptom of poisoning.
• Abusive dose – the amount needed to produce the side
effects and action desired by an individual who improperly
uses it.
• Lethal dose – the amount of drug that will cause death.
How Drugs are administered?
the common methods of drug administration are as
follows:
• ORAL INGESTION - The drugs is taken by the
mouth and must pass through the stomach before
being absorbed into the bloodstream, the one of
the most common ways taking a drug.
• INHALATION - Drug in gaseous form enter the
lungs and are quickly absorbed by the rich capillary
system, it is probably the second most commonly
used route of drug administration.
• INJECTION - The drug can be administered into
the body by the use of syringe and hypodermic
needle in the following ways.
• Subcutaneous (SC) - Drug is administered by
injecting the drug just below the surface of
the skin; this is sometimes called “skin
popping.”
• Intramuscular (IM) - Administration involves
the injection of a drug into a large muscle mass
that has a good blood supply, such as the
gluteus maximus, quadriceps, or triceps.
• Intravenous (IV) - The most efficient means
of administration which involves depositing
drug directly into the bloodstream, this is also
the most rapid method of drug administration.
• SNORTING - Inhalation through the nose of drugs
not in gaseous form, it is sometimes inhaling a
powder or liquid drug into the nose coats of the
mucous membrane.
• BUCCAL - The drug is administered by placing them
in the buccal cavity just under the lips and the
active ingredients of the drug will be absorbed into
the bloodstream through the soft tissues lining of
the mouth.
• SUPPOSITORIES - The drug is administered
through the vagina or rectum in suppository form
and the drug will also be absorbed into the
bloodstream.
• TOPICAL- application of drugs directly to a
body site such as the skin and the mucous
membrane.
• IONTOPHORESIS- introduction of the drugs

into the deeper layer of the skin by use of
special type of electric current for local
effect.
How addiction is acquired?
Association - The tendency of a the abuser to
look for peer groups where he feels being
wanted and accepted.
Experimentation – the tendency of a person to
try and explore the effects of drugs due to
curiosity or other reasons.
Inexperienced doctors – the tendency of
doctors and physicians to unnecessarily
prescribe drugs.
TOXICOLOGY
Toxicology is commonly known as the science of
poisons, their effects and antidotes. In connection,
drugs may cause dangerous effects because of any
of the following:
• Overdose – when too much of a drug is taken into
the physiological system of the human body, there
may be an over extension of its effects.
• Allergy – some drugs cause the release of histamine
giving rise to allergic symptoms such as dermatitis,
swelling, fall in blood pressure, suffocation and
death.
Idiosyncrasy – it refers to the individual reaction
to a drug, food, etc. for unexplained reasons.
Morphine for example, which sedates all men,
stimulates and renders some women maniacal
behaviors.
Poisonous Property – drugs are chemical and some
of them have the property of being general
protoplasmic poisons.
Side Effects – some drugs are not receptors for
one organ but receptors of other organ as well. The
effect in the other organs may constitute a side
effect, which are most of the time unwanted.
MEDICAL USES OF DRUGS
 Analgesics – are drugs that relieve pain. However,
they may produce the opposite effects on somebody
who suffers from peptic ulcer or gastric irritation.
 Antibotics – are drugs that combat or control
infectious organisms.
 Antipyretics – those that can lower body
temperature or fever due to infection.
 Antihistamines – those that control or combat
allergic reactions. This drug usually causes
drowsiness.
 Contraceptives – Drugs that prevent the meeting of
the egg cell and sperm cell or prevent the ovary from
releasing egg cells.
• Decongestants – those that relieve congestion of
the nasal passages.
• Expectorants – those that can ease the expulsion of
the mucus and phlegm from the lungs to the throat.
• Laxatives – those that stimulate defecation and
encourage bowel movement.
• Sedatives and tranquilizers – are those that can
calm and quiet the nerves and relieve anxiety
without causing depression and clouding of the
mind.
• Vitamins – those substances necessary for normal
growth and development and proper functioning of
the body.
Holy Bible (the Book of Judges of the O.T.) –
Samson was put to sleep by Delilah by means of
a drug – laced wine.
Romans – used narcotics in the practice of
oracles and black magic during the ancient time.
Marijuana – worlds oldest cultivated plants
started by the Incas of Peru.
Incas of Peru and Mexico – use coca leaves
during religious ceremonies
Assyrians – considered Marijuana as “sacred
tree”.
Opium Poppy – goes back about 7000 B.C.
cultivated and prepared by the Sumerians.
Hippocrates (5000 B.C.) – prescribed the juice
of the white poppy plant to cure many illnesses.
19th Century – widespread of opium in China
- Opium trade between China and Portuguese
but took over by the British and established
the Opuim Trade Monopoly through the British
Indies Company.
-Opium War (1840) Emperor Yung Chen
prohibited the smoking of opium and attempted
to close ports for its importation.
Morphine – discovered by Freiderich W. Seturner
- to cure opium addicts, named before Morpheus
“God of Dream
Heroin – to cure opium and morphine addicts, named
after the word “hero” due to its impressive power.
- discovered by Alder Wright and known as
“miracle drug”.it is 3 to 5 times more powerful than
morphine which is derived and the most additive of
all opium.
Codeine – to cure opium, morphine and heroin
addicts. Used for in cough preparations
• Hemp – was first use as paper and medicine in China 12,000
BC
• 10, 000 BC – Earliest man’s use of marijuana. In an ancient
village in a Chinese Island (TAIWAN)
• 9000 BC – Assyrians started the use of marijuana for
rituals during ceremonies (burning of dried leaves) “qunubu”
forerunner of word cannabis. Means “way to produce smoke”.
• 6000 BC – Cannabis seeds were introduced as food (CHINA)
• 5000 BC – Summerians started to use opium. Opium Plant
(HUL GIL) meaning “plant of joy”
• 3000 BC – Incas of Peru started smoking marijuana and
became part of their culture.
• 3500 BC - Egyptians started production of alcohol.
• Pres. Ferdinand Marcos Signed into law RA 6425
known as the “Dangerous Drug Act of 1972” on
March 30, 1972. Amended by PD 44, dated Nov 14,
1972 placed under control not only narcotics but
also Psychotropic substances.
• Nov 14, 1972 DDB was organized to provide
leadership, direction and coordination in the
effective implementation of RA 6425.
• The PDEA was created under RA 9165 also known as
“Comprehensive Dangerous Drug Act of 2002”
June 7, 2002. took effect on July 24, 2002.
THE GLOBAL DRUG SCENE:
Drug Trafficking – known as illegal drug trade.
- It is a global market activity consisting of
production, distribution, packaging and sale of
illegal psychoactive substance. It includes smuggling
across boarders, and distribution within the
demand country.
Drug Trafficking is the illegal cultivation, culture,
delivery, administration, dispensation, manufacture,
sale, trading, transportation, distribution,
importation, exportation and possession of any
dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor and
essential chemical.
Mule – Is a lower echelon criminals recruited by a
smuggling organization to cross a boarder carrying drugs.
Two primary means of distribution:

1. Hierarchy – using own men
2. Hub - and – spoke layout – using gangs and localized
criminal organization.
Drug Syndicate:
- a group of organized and professional criminal with
a formal hierarchy of organization set in illicit
drug trade.
- Also known as “drug cartel”.
ORGANIZED CRIME GROUPS BEHIND THE
WORLD’S DRUG SCENE
A. Columbian Medellin Cartel
• founded during 1980’s by Columbian drug lords
in the name of Pablo Escobar Gaviria and
drug bosses Jose Gonzalo Rodriguez Gacha
and the top aid cocaine barons Juan David and
Ochoa Brothers.
• Medellin government was able to contained the
Medellin Cartel resulted in the death,
surrender and arrest of the people behind the
organization
B. Cali Cartel
• the downfall of Medellin is the rise of the Cali Cartel – newly
emerged cocaine monopoly.
• Gilberto Rodriguez Orajuela known as Don Chepe “The Chess
Player” heads the syndicated organization.
• The Cartel produces 90% of the cocaine in the world.
C. Norte Del Valle & North Valley Cartel (Columbia)
• rose after the Cali cartel and become the most powerful
organizations involved in illegal drug trade.(Diego Leon Montoya
Sanchez)
D. Chinese Triad
• This is called as Chinese mafia is the oldest and biggest
criminal organization in the world.
• It is believed to be the controller of the “Golden Triangle”.
THE DRUG SYNDICATES IN THE
PHILIPPINES
A. Binondo-based Chinese Syndicate
• it is the nucleus of Triad society, the bamboo
gang based in Taiwan and 14K based in
Hongkong.
B. Bamboo Gang
• influence of the Green Gang of the Chinese
Triad while the 14K the newest among the triad
families established only in 1947.
• JOAQUIN GUZMAN LOERA “EL
CHAPO””shorty”
The god father of the drug lord Head of
Sinaloa cartel
• Sinaloa cartel (La Alianza de Sangre “blood
Alliance”) = worlds most powerful drug
trafficking organization according to US
Intelligence Community
• He was arrested on January 8, 2016
Family Problems
Parents who always quarrel

in front of the children.
Irresponsible
parents who don’t
have time for their
children.
February 17, 2020 DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL
Peer Pressure/Curiosity
BAD Influence by
friends.

Weak Personality, Desire to
Escape From Reality
Lack of self-
confidence and
inferiority complex.

POVERTY
This is the most prevalent factor that prompt pushers and
abusers alike to indulge in dangerous drugs.
Pushers were forced by the circumstances to the retailing
of prohibited drugs as a meant or source of livelihood.
Many abusers use dangerous drugs as a vehicle to escape
the realities of poverty and its related problems.
IGNORANCE
Lack of knowledge and information about how dangerous
drugs look like, their bad effects, legal ramifications or
consequences and other aspects of prohibited drugs
PARENTAL INFLUENCES
• Unhappy home, parents showing little or no interest in
their children, Abuses committed by parents such as
harsh physical punishments
• Lack of parental values; parents who are permissive and
liberal; parental neglect; domestic violence; role
modeling.
PEER INFLUENCES
• Drug using friends encourage, pressure even, a youth
to experiment with drugs.
First Important Drug Traffic Route
Middle East
discovery, plantation, cultivation, harvest
Turkey
preparation for distribution
Europe
manufacture, synthesis, refine
USA
marketing
DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL
Second Major Drug Traffic Route
Drugs that originates from the Golden Triangle
Burma/ Myanmar
Laos Thailand
In Southeast Asia the “Golden Triangle” approximately
produced 60% of opium in the world, 90% of opium in the
eastern part of Asia. It is also the officially acknowledged
source of Southeast Asian Heroin.
Drugs that originates from the Golden Crescent
Iran
Afghanistan Pakistan
India
In Southwest Asia the “Golden Crescent is the major

supplier of Opium poppy, Marijuana and Heroin products
in the western part of Asia. It produces at least 85% to
90% of all illicit heroin channeled in the drug underworld
market.
Drugs that originates from the Silver
Triangle
Peru
Columbia Bolivia
THE WORLD’S DRUG SCENE
A. Middle East
• The Becka Valley of Lebanon is considered to be the
biggest producer of Cannabis in the Middle East.
• Lebanon is also became the transit country for
cocaine from South America to European illicit drug
markets.
B. Spain
• This is known as the major transshipment point from
international drug traffickers in Europe and became
“the paradise of drug users in Europe.
C. South America
• Columbia, Peru, Uruguay, and Chile are the principal sources of
all cocaine supply in the world due to the robust production of
the coca plants- sources of the cocaine drug.
• Columbia: Coca/Cocaine
D. Mexico
• It is known in the world to be the number one producer of
marijuana.
E. Philippines
• The second in Mexico as to the production of Marijuana.
• It also became the major transshipment point for the
worldwide distribution of illegal drugs particularly shabu and
cocaine from Taiwan and South America.
• It is noted that Philippines today is known as the drug paradise
of drug abusers in Asia.
Philippine
Drug Situation
Philippines- The Numbers
Approximately 11.6 million drug abusers in 2012.
(6.7 million in 2007)
“Shabu” = P8, 000 to P12,000 per gram in 2012; in
quantities of 10 grams or more, the price can be as
low as P7000/gram.
(3000 pesos per gram in 2007)
Kilogram prices range from P 2.4 M to 3.6 M
(Buy a kilo, package and sell it as 1000 grams, double
or even quadruple your investment)
Maritime Smuggling
Philippines to
Japan, Taiwan,
Malaysia, &
Indonesia
China, Hong
Kong, & Taiwan
to the
Philippines
Poro Point
Sulu
Go-fast Boats
Currimao
Subic
Contraband
Shabu
Labs
• 2001-2004: most labs in Metro

Manila
• After 2004: moved to provinces
• 50000+ kgs of shabu seized since
2007
CAR
REGION 1 MARIJUANA
REGION 2
PLANTATION
SITES
REGION 7
REGION 10
REGION 11
ARMM
` 1972: 9 sites
2007: 125 sites
REGION 12
identified
F. India
• The center of the world’s drug map, leading to rapid
addiction among its people.
G. Indonesia
• Northern Sumatra has traditionally been the main
canabbis growing area in Indonesia.
• Bali Indonesia is an important transit point for drugs
en route to Australia and New Zealand.
H. Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand
• The most favorable sites of drug distribution from the
“Golden Triangle” and other parts of Asia.
I. China
• The transit route for heroin from the “Golden
Triangle” to Hongkong.
• It is also the country where the “ephedra” plant is
cultivated- source of the drug ephedrine- the
principal chemical for producing the drug shabu.
J. Hong Kong
• The world’s transshipment point of all forms of
heroin.
K. Japan
• The major consumer of cocaine and shabu from the
United States and Europe.
Campaigns against illegal drugs Blue Heart
Campaign (2009):
-UNODC launched in order to encourage

involvement and inspire action to stop human
trafficking.
-“Blue heart” represents those who are
trafficked while reminding us the cool
heartedness of those buy and sell humans.
-The world’s first national blue heart
campaign was held in Mexico.
UNODC on Drug Trafficking:
- Most illicit drugs are sourced in conflict-ridden regions

in Asia and Latin America, where they undermine
development, damage the environment and also
fund and thus perpetuate insurgency and, in some
places, terrorism.
West Africa:
-is a recent case in point, this region has become
a key transit hub for cocaine smuggled from
Latin America to serve a booming market in
Europe.
-It is also a paradise for organized crime,

offering ideal conditions for trafficking
contraband: a strategic location, porous
borders, weak governance, widespread poverty
and extensive corruption.
Afghanistan:
-is the wellspring of the global opium trade,

accounting for 93 per cent of all opium poppy
cultivation.
-About 80 per cent of the drugs derived from
Afghan opium poppies are smuggled out by
transnational organized criminal groups through:
- the Islamic Republic of Iran and Pakistan;
- the rest flow through Central Asia.

The CHINESE Opium Epidemic:
-Considered as the largest substance abuse
problem the world has ever faced.
-And said to be the root of today’s international
drug control system.
1909 – first international drug conference in
Shanghai creating the International Opium
Commission.
International Opium Commission - gave rise to
the first international legal instrument dealing
with psychoactive substances – “The Hague
Opium Convention of 1912.”
Trend in Drug Treatment:
1. Africa and Oceania – cannabis is the main drug
(Africa – 63%, Australia and New Zealand –
47%)
2. Asia and Europe – opiates is the primary drug
3. North and South America – cocaine dependent
4. Indication of the amphetamine type
stimulants dependents is worsening – (Asia –
18%, North America 18%, Oceania 20%).
Current Nature and Extent of Drugs in the
Philippines:2008 National Household Survey:
1. the most vulnerable age groups were those
belonging to:
a. 20 – 29 years old
b. 10-19 years old
c. 30 – 39 years old
2. More single males continued their drug taking
behaviour.
5. As to type of drugs:
a. methamphetamine hydrochloride (shabu)
b. cannabis (marijuana)
c. contact cement
6. With regards to age group by drug type,

shabu and marijuana were abused by those in
the age brackets of 10-19; 20-29, 30-49 and
50-59, while contact cement by those in the
10-19, 20-29 and 30-39 age groups.
7.Reasons for continued use;
a. peer influence
b. family personal and work-related
problems
c. and family, personal and work-related
problems aggravated by peer influence.
8. Based on the results of the survey it was
estimated that there could be 1,715, 854*
current drug users or 2.5% of the 2008
projected *Filipino population aged 10-64
years old.
Methods of Concealment of Arrested Couriers
Abroad:
1. Hidden in luggage/suitcases (38%)
2. Ingestion/Swallowing (29%)
3. Placed in shoes (7%)
4. Placed in bottom part of luggage (5%)
5. Placed inside handbag (4%)
6. Others (17%): Undergoing minor operation,
placing in shoeboxes/books/bottles/parcels,
etc.
Drug Seized from Arrested Couriers in the
Philippines:
1. Shabu (81%)
2. Cocaine (18%)
3. Heroin (1%)
Dangerous Drugs
• Refer to the broad category or
classes of controlled substances.
•Controlled substances – are generally
grouped according to pharmacological
classifications, effects and as to their
legal criteria.
The Controlled Substance Act of 1970
separates drugs that maybe abused into
five Categories (Schedule) based on the
use and biological effects of the drugs.
Schedule 1
• Almost all the drugs in this schedule are illegal.
• All have a high potential for dependence and abuse,
and it is illegal to have them in your possession.
Ex. Heroin, LSD, Mj
Schedule 2
• These drugs are highly addictive but, despite the risk, they remain
in medical use because no satisfactory non-addictive alternative
medication is available.
Ex. Cocaine, AMP, morphine and barbiturates.
Schedule 3
• This schedule includes drugs that have some potential for abuse or
dependence.
Ex. Acetaminophen or aspirin with codeine and some appetite
suppressants.
Schedule 4
• These drugs are considered less likely to cause dependence or to be
abused as much as the drugs in Schedule 3.
Ex. Diazepam, Chloral Hydrate, Phenobarbital
• Schedule 5 – These drugs are included in the regulations because they contain
small amounts of narcotics and are least likely to be abused. Ex. Some anti
diarrhea medications and cough medicines.
General Drug Classification
A. According to effects:
• Depressants - “Downers” – has the effect
of depressing the nervous system
• Stimulants – “uppers” having effect of
stimulating the central nervous system
• Hallucinogens – “Psychedelics” –
considered to be mind altering drugs and
give the general effect of mood distortion.
B. According to Medical Pharmacology:
1. Depressants
2. Narcotics
3. Tranquilizers
4. Stimulants
5. Hallucinogens
6. Solvents/inhalants
TYPES OF DANGEROUS DRUGS
A. DEPRESSANTS
• Also known as “downers”, are drugs which act
on and depresses the central nervous system
causing initial relaxation leading to drowsiness
and sleep.
• Used of downers results to impairment of
judgment, hearing, speech and muscle
coordination.
• They dull the minds, slow down the body
reaction to such extends those accidental
deaths and suicides usually happen.
C. According to legal categories: (RA 6425)
1. Prohibited drugs
A. Narcotics
• Refers to the group of drug opium and its
derivatives, morphine, heroin, codeine, etc. including
synthetic opiates.
B. Stimulants
• Refers to the group of drug cocaine, alpha and beta
eucaine, etc.
C. Hallucinogens
• Refers to the group of drugs like marijuana, LSD
(Lysergic Acid Diethylamide), mescaline, etc.
2. Regulated Drugs
a. Barbiturates – refers to the group of
depressant drug known as “Veronal” like
Luminal, amytal, Nembutal, surital, butisol,
phentontal, seconal etc.
b. Hypnotics – are group of drugs such as
mandrax, quaalude, fadormir, and others.
c. Amphetamines – are group of stimulant drugs
like benzydrine, Dexedrine, methedrine,
preludin, etc.
3. Volatile substance (P.D 1619)
• The group of liquid, solid or mixed substances
having the property of releasing toxic vapour
or fumes which when sniffed, smelled, inhaled
or introduced into the physiological system of
the body produces or induces a condition of
intoxication, excitement or dulling, of the brain
or nervous system.
Examples: Glue, gasoline kerosene, ether, paint
thinner, lacquer, etc.
B. Classification of dangerous drugs
According to effects
A. DEPRESSANTS
• Also known as “downers”, are drugs which act on
and depresses the central nervous system causing
initial relaxation leading to drowsiness and sleep.
• Used of downers results to impairment of
judgment, hearing, speech and muscle
coordination.
• They dull the minds, slow down the body reaction
to such extends those accidental deaths and
suicides usually happen.
SIDE EFFECTS & LONG TERM EFFECTS
DEPRESSANTS
• Loss of body control may result to bone fractures

• Impaired blood pressure regulation and balance control
• Cognitive impairment, memory loss and pseudo-dementia
• Nocturnal urinary incontinence
• Worsening sleep
• Respiratory problems
• Dependency
• Over sedation may lead to death
TYPES OF DEPRESSANTS
1. Narcotics
• The term narcotic basically refers to drugs
that produce a depressant effect on the CNS.
• Medically they are potent pain killers, cough
suppressant and active component of anti-
diarrhea preparations.
OPIUM & ITS DERIVATIVES
2. Opium
• It is derived from the Oriental poppy plant papaver
somniferum.
• Raw opium is dark brown in color and is bitter in taste.
• Street name: “gum”, “gamot”, “kalamay” or
“panocha”.
3. Morphine
• It is the most important alkaloids and constitutes
about 10 % of the use raw opium
• Friedrich Serturner, isolated morphine from opium.
• Street Name; M, DREAMER, EMMA, EMSEL, Pulbos
Papavum Somniferum-
Opium Poppy
DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

Poppy Cultivation
Opium Pod
Mature Pods Are
Lightly Cut
The Gum Oozes Out Overnight…
…And Is Collected The Next Day
Pods Also Contain Seeds
For Next Year’s Crop
…The Gum Is Converted to
Morphine Base in Crude Labs
4. Heroin
•Most commonly abused narcotic in the
world.
•It was discovered by Alder Wright (1896),
•Most powerful derivatives of Opium,
bitterer and commonly injected.
•Street Name: BLANCO, BROWN, SUGAR,
KABAYO, KENGKOY, GAMUT, MATSAKO,
PULBOS, SAPSAP, TINIK
Heroin Powder (Mexico, Golden Crescent,
Golden Triangle, Colombia)
Heroin Powder
Tar Heroin (Mexico)
Heroin Packaged for Concealment
“Works”
5. Codeine
• Also known as Methylmorphine.
• its effect is weaker in intensity. Cough preparations.
• Street; Name: SCHOOL BOYS
6. Paregoric
• A tincture of opium in combination with camphor. Commonly used
as a household remedy for diarrhea and abdominal pain.
7. Demerol and Methadone – common synthetic drug w/ morphine
• Used as painkiller in childbirth
• A synthetic narcotic used as treatment of heroin dependence
but also fallen to abused.
• Other than methadone, other most commonly known synthetic
opiate substitute are meperidine (demerol) and darvon.
8. Barbiturates
• are drugs used for inducing sleep in persons
plagued with anxiety, mental stress, and insomnia.
• Street Name: LILY, BALA, DOWNERS, YELLOW
JACKETS, BLUE HEAVENS
Seconal
• Sudden withdrawal from these drugs is even more
dangerous than opiate withdrawal. (Secobarbital)
slows the activity of brain and nervous system.
Tranquilizers
• Are drugs that calm and relax and diminish
anxiety.
• They are used in the treatment of nervous states
and some mental disorders without producing sleep.
Volatile Solvents
• Gaseous substances popularly known to abusers
as “gas”, “teardrops”. (glue, hair spray, lighter
fluid, paint, thinner, acetone, kerosene, etc.
Alcohol
• The king of all drugs with potential for abuse.
• Most widely used, socially accepted and most
extensively legalized drug throughout the
world.
STIMULANTS
•Also known as “Uppers” Drugs which
induce alertness, wakefulness,
elevated mood, increased speech,
mental and motor activity, relieve
fatigue or boredom and decreased
appetite.
•E.g. Shabu, Cocaine, Ecstasy
IMMEDIATE EFFECTS OF STIMULANTS
• Dilated pupils
• Increase in blood pressure / Heart rate /
Breathing rate / Body Temperature
• Involuntary muscle twitching
• Less hunger
• Slurred speech
Types of stimulant drugs
Amphetamines – use medically for weight
reducing in obesity, relief of mild depression and
treatment.
Amphetamines
• Usually prescribed to reduce appetite and to
relieve minor cases of mental depression.
• This drug is representative of a broad class of
stimulants known as “pep pills”.
• Street Name: EYE OPENER, LID POPERS,
UPPERS, HEARTS
Cocaine
• The drug taken from the coca bush plant
Erythroxylon Coca understably called “snow” in the
junkie jargon.
• It is one of the strongest short acting stimulants.
• Taken orally, injected or sniffed as to achieve
euphoria or an intense feeling of “highness”.
• Street Name: COKE, CRACK, DUST, HEAVEN’s
DUST, STARDUST, WHITE GIRL, SPEED BALLS
• It is called “the king’s habit” because it is
expensive
Coca Plant
Harvesting Coca Leaves
Extracting Coca
Producing
Cocaine HCL
Original Use As An “Active
Ingredient”
Finished Cocaine-
One Kilogram Brick…
…And The User’s Line
Freebase
Smokeable Cocaine Base
Crack
Smokeable Cocaine Base
BIGGEST DRUG
THREAT?
Amphetamines
• Usually prescribed to reduce appetite and to relieve minor cases of
mental depression.
• This drug is representative of a broad class of stimulants known as “pep
pills”.
• Street Name: EYE OPENER, LID POPERS, UPPERS, HEARTS
Shabu/ “poor man’s cocaine”
• chemically known as methamphetamine.
• It is a CNS stimulant and sometimes called “upper” or “speed”. It is
white, colorless crystal or crystalline powder with a bitter numbing taste.
• It can be taken orally, inhaled (snorted), sniffed (chasing the dragon) or
injected.
• It is considered as the most abused stimulants in the Philippines.
• Street Name: SHASHA. SPEED, SPLASH, UBAS, S, ICE, SHA
Caffeine – it is present in coffee, tea, chocolate , and
some wake-up pills.
Shabu/ “poor man’s cocaine”
• chemically known as methamphetamine.
• It is a CNS stimulant and sometimes called “upper” or
“speed”. It is white, colorless crystal or crystalline
powder with a bitter numbing taste.
• It can be taken orally, inhaled (snorted), sniffed
(chasing the dragon) or injected.
• It is considered as the most abused stimulants in
the Philippines.
• Street Name: SHASHA. SPEED, SPLASH, UABS,
S, ICE, SHA
• White, colorless crystalline substance with a
bitter, numbing taste
• First synthetic stimulant developed by the
Japanese Originally called “kakuzeizai”, from
the Japanese term “kakuzei”, which means
“waking” and “zai”, which means drug
“kakuzeizai” – waking drug
• Nicotine – an active component in tobacco
which act as a powerful stimulant of the
central nervous system. A drop of pure
nicotine can easily kill a person.
Methamphetamine
WW II: Meth = ‘Marching Pills’
Pervitin Benzedrine
Shabu
Methamphetamine Labs
Methylenedioxymethamphetamine -
(MDMA) - “Ecstasy”
•It is a white, yellow or brown in color
with a bitter taste and comes in the
form of a tablet, capsule or powder.
•Its tablet form comes in various
designs and shapes hence it is dubbed
as “designer drugs”.
Ecstasy
MDMA - Ecstasy
HALLUCINOGENS (PSYCHEDELIC)
•natural or synthetic psychoactive drugs
that produce reactions such as
perceptual alterations and changes in
the state of consciousness.
•They consist of a variety of mind-
altering drugs, which distort reality,
thinking and perceptions of time,
sound, space and sensation.
IMMEDIATE EFFECTS
• Hallucinations/illusions
• Faster heart beat and pulse rate
• Bloodshot Eye/blurred vision/Rapid Eye Movement
(REM)
• Dry mouth and throat
• Forgetfulness/inability to think
• Altered sense of time/ disorientation
• Impaired reflexes, coordination and concentration
• Acute panic anxiety reaction
• “Food-trip” & sleepiness (MJ)
Marijuana Commonly called “grass”,
“damo”, “tsongki” “ganja”, “bhang” Botanical
name is cannabis sativa Has
three major components:
1)Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) – purple;
the most active alkaloid; the one causing
the hallucinogenic effect
2) Cannabinol – red (physiologically inactive)
3) Cannabidol – pink (physiologically
inactive)
Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD)
• Derived from the fungus claviceps purpurea
which infects wheat.
• It was discovered by Dr. Albert Hoffman
while working in a Swiss Pharmaceutical
company.
• Known on the street as “acid”, it is the best
known and most powerful hallucinogens.
• Street name: XTC, ADAM, ESSENCE,
HERBALS, E.
KETAMINE Chemical name is hydrochloride
Common name include “special K” or “K”
Getting popular as “Party Drug” that produces
tripping effects the whole night
teenagers who are fond of “techno parties” or
“raves” take the drug because the user feels
uncontrollable urge to dance upon hearing sound
of music. Recently, Ketamine Hydrochloride is
mixed with Shabu and marketed as” KETABU”
Peyote – derived from a surface part of a small gray
brown cactus. User suffers from nausea because of
its nauseating odor. There is no physical dependence
and no withdrawal period after using it.
Mescaline
• It is alkaloid hallucinogens extracted from the
peyote cactus and can also be synthesized in the
laboratory.
STP which stands for serenity- tranquility- peace
• a drug derived from the dried tops of the peyote
cactus, a small cactus native to Mexico.
• Street Name: CACTUS, BUTTONS, BEAN
Morning glory seeds
• The black and brown seeds of the wild
tropical morning glory are use to produce
hallucinations.
• They are sold under the names of
“heavenly blues”, flying dancers” and
“pearly gates” the active ingredient in the
seed is similar to LSD.
COMMONLY ABUSED DRUGS
Drugs that are commonly abused depending on their
pharmacological effects may be classified into:
Sedatives
• Drugs which reduce anxiety and excitement such as
barbiturates, non-barbiturates, tranquilizers and
alcohol.
Stimulants
• Drugs which increase alertness and activity such as
amphetamines, cocaine and caffeine.
Hallucinogens/Psychedelics
• Drugs which affect sensation, thinking, self-
awareness and emotion.
• Changes in time and space perception, delusions
(false beliefs) and hallucinations may be mild or
overwhelming, dispensing on dose and quality of the
drug.
• This includes LSD, mescaline and marijuana.
Narcotics
• Drugs that relieve pain and often induce sleep.
• The opiates, which are narcotics, include opium and
drugs derived from opium, such as morphine,
codeine and heroin.
B. Chemical Test
• Marquis Test – Amphetamines

• Simon’s Test – Methamphetamines
• Chen-Kao’s Test- Ephedrine
• Cobalt Thiocyanate Test- Ephedrine
• HNO3 (Nitric Acid) Test- Opium Alkaloids
• Zwikker’s Test- Barbiturates
• Micro-Diffusion Test- Volatile Substance
Field Test for Dangerous Drugs
DRUGS TEST USED COLOR REACTION
Opium Marquis Test Purple/Violet
Heroin Nitric Acid Yellow-Green
Morphine Nitric Acid Red Orange
Cocaine Cobalt Thiocyanate Blue
Barbiturates Dille-Kopanyi Test or Zwikker Violet/Blue
Test
Amphetamines Marquis Test Red/Orange-Brown
LSD Para Amino Benzoic Acid Purple
(PABA)/ Van urk test
Marijuana Duquenois-Levine Test or KN Red Bottom Layer

Test
Shabu
February 17, 2020 Symone’s Test
DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL Purple
REPUBLIC ACT 9165
COMPREHENSIVE DANGEROUS DRUGS ACT OF 2002
Signed June 7, 2002
Published June 19, 2002
TOOK EFFECT JULY 4, 2002
PGMA signed RA 9165

on June 7, 2002 and it
took
effect on July 4, 2002.

158
Re-organization of the Philippine Drug
Enforcement System
The new Dangerous Drugs

Board (DDB) as the policy and
strategy formulating body.
Creation of …
 The Philippine Drug
Enforcement Agency (PDEA)

as its implementing arm.
159
Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency
 A regular law enforcement

agency.
 Implementing arm of the DDB.
 Responsible for efficient and
effective law enforcement of all
provisions on any dangerous
drug and/or controlled
precursor and essential
chemicals.
160
PHILIPPINE DRUG ENFORCEMENT AGENCY (PDEA)
• Headed by Director General with the rank of
Undersecretary, appointed by the President.
• The head of the PDEA is assisted by 2 deputies Director
General, with the rank of Assistant Secretary, 1 for
Operations and 1 for Administration, also appointed by
the President.
• In July 2002, PDDG Anselmo Avenido (Ret.) appointed as
first Director General of PDEA.
• On April 6, 2006, Gen. Dionisio R. Santiago (Ret) appointed
as PDEA Director General vice Anselmo Avenido.
• In January 2011, PCSUPT Jose Gutierrez (Ret) was
appointed as PDEA Director General vice Gen. Dionisio R.
Santiago (Ret).
• the secretariat of the National Drug Law Enforcement

and Prevention Coordinating Center or DEP Center has
been absorbed by the new agency
• Narcotics Group of the PNP;
• Narcotics Division of the NBI; and
• Narcotics Interdiction Unit of the Bureau of Customs
have been abolished
• PDEA Academy – shall be established either in Baguio or
Tagaytay, and in such other places as may be necessary.
• - responsible in the recruitment and training of all PDEA
agents and personnel
• Recruits must be at least 21 years of age, with proven
integrity and honesty and a Baccalaureate degree
holder.
• The graduates of the Academy shall later comprise the
operating units of the PDEA after the termination of the
transition period of five years during which all the
intelligence network and standard operating procedure
of the PDEA has been set up and operationalized.
•The Academy shall be headed by a
Superintendent, with the rank of Director . He
/she shall be appointed by the PDEA Director
General.
•The Narcotics Group of the PNP, the Narcotics

Divisions of the NBI and the customs narcotics
Interdiction Unit are hereby abolished.

Transfer, absorption and integration of all
operating unit into PDEA
•Note: personnel absorbed and on detail

service shall be given until 5 years to
finally decide to join the PDEA.

POWER AND DUTIES OF PDEA
Cause the effective and efficient implementation of the national
drug control strategy,
• Enforcement of the provisions of Art II of this Act,
• Undertake investigation, make arrest and apprehension of
violators and seizure and confiscation of dangerous drugs,
• Administer oath and issue subpoena and subpoena duces tecum
relative to the conduct of investigation involving the violations of
RA 9165;
• Recommend to the DOJ the forfeiture of properties and other
assets of persons and/or corporations found to be violating the
provisions of RA 9165 and in accordance with the pertinent
provisions of the Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2001
•Establish forensic laboratories,
•Filing of appropriate drug cases,
•Conduct eradication programs,
•Maintain a national drug
intelligence system,

DANGEROUS DRUG BOARD (DDB)
• Created by virtue of Republic Act 6425 otherwise
known as Dangerous Drug Act of 1972 subsequently
repealed by RA 9165.
• the policy-making & strategy-formulating body in
the planning & formulation of policies & programs
on drug prevention & control.
• It shall develop and adopt a comprehensive,
integrated, unified and balanced national drug abuse
prevention and control strategy.
THREE (3) PERMANENT MEMBERS
•At least 7 years of training and experience in
the field of the ff: fields in law, medicine,
criminology, psychology or social work.
•Appointed by the president.
•One designated as the Chairman with the
rank of Secretary and the two other regular
members as undersecretary (with the term of
6 years)
TWELVE (12) EX- OFFICIO MEMBERS
• Secretary or representative of the following
Department:
• DOJ, DOH, DND, DOF, DOLE, DILG, DSWD, DFA,

DepEd,
• Chairman CHED, NYC
• Director General - PDEA

TWO (2) REGULAR MEMBERS
• President of Integrated Bar of the Philippines
(IBP).
• Chairman or President of a non- government
organization involved in dangerous drug campaign
to be appointed by the President.
• NOTE: The Director of NBI and Chief, PNP are

the permanent consultant of the DDB.
• OPERATION “PRIVATE EYE”
• Operation “Private Eye” a citizen based information
collection project of (former) DEP Center and now the
PDEA will continue what it has started.
• Launched on June 26, 2001
• It aims to counter fear and apathy as hindrances to
citizenry participation in reporting illegal drug activities by
ensuring anonymity of the informant and giving monetary
rewards.

COMPARISON OF RA 6425 AND RA 9165
RA 6425 of 1972 RA 9165 2002
1. Dangerous drugs are categorized All drugs are categorized as Dangerous
as Regulated & Prohibited Drugs
2. Accused can avail of Parole, Pardon These privileges are curtailed
and Probation
3. Planting of evidence as a violation Applies to any person
applies only to Law Enforcers
4. Penalties are lower Penalties has increased
5. Quantity & quality of drugs is It does not consider quality as basis
considered in the imposition of penalties for the imposition of penalty
6. Procedures after arrest & Procedure after arrest & confiscation
confiscation of drugs does not of drugs has become complicated
involve other personalities it requires the presence of other
personalities
7. Destruction of Drugs is done in bulk Destruction Procedures on- Dangerous
Drugs happens immediately
THE UNLAWFUL ACTS PUNISHABLE BY LIFE IMPRISONMENT AND
FINE RANGING FROM 500K TO 10M
• Importation or bringing into the Philippines of dangerous drugs
using diplomatic passport or facilities or any means involving
his/her official status to facilitate unlawful entry of the same (sec
4, Art II).
• Upon any person who organizes, manages or acts as “financiers”
of any of the activities involving dangerous drugs (sec 4, 5, 6, 8
Art II).
• Sale, Trading, Administration, Dispensation, Delivery, Distribution
and transportation of Dangerous Drugs and/or Controlled
Precursors and Essential Chemicals within 100 meters from the
school (sec 5, Art II).
• Drugs pushers who use minors or mentally incapacitated
individuals as runners, couriers and messengers or in any other
capacity directly connected to the dangerous drug trade (sec 5,
Art II).
• If the victim of the offense is a minor or mentally incapacitated
individual, or should a dangerous drug and/or controlled
precursors and essential chemical involved in the offense be the
proximate cause of death of the victim (sec 5, Art II).
• Any person or group of persons who shall maintain a den, dive or
resort where any dangerous drug is used or sold in any form.
• When dangerous drug is administered, delivered or sold to a
minor who is allowed to use the same in such a place (sec 6, Art
II).
• Manufacture of Dangerous Drugs
• Upon any person who uses a minor or mentally
incapacitated individual to deliver equipment, instrument,
apparatus and other paraphernalia for dangerous drugs
(sec. 10, Art II).
• Possession of dangerous Drugs during Parties, Social
Gatherings or Meetings (sec. 13), and Possession of
Equipment, Instrument, Apparatus and other
Paraphernalia for Dangerous Drugs during Parties, Social
Gatherings or Meetings (sec. 14)
• Cultivation or Culture of Plants Classified as
Dangerous Drugs or are Sources (Sec. 16)
• Unlawful Prescription of Dangerous Drugs ( Sec. 19)
• Any public officer or employee, who misappropriates,
misapplies or fails to account for confiscated, seized
or surrendered dangerous drugs, plant sources of
dangerous drugs, controlled precursors and essential
chemicals, instruments/paraphernalia and/or
laboratory equipment including the proceeds or
properties obtained from the unlawful acts. ( Sec. 27)
THE UNLAWFUL ACTS PUNISHABLE BY 12 YEARS AND 1 DAY TO 20
YEARS AND FINE RANGING FROM 100K TO 500K
• Shall import any controlled precursor and essential
chemical. (sec 4, Art II)
• Any person, who, unless authorized by law, shall sell,
trade, administer, dispense, deliver, give away to another,
distribute, dispatch in transit or transport any controlled
precursor and essential chemical, or shall act as a broker
in such transactions.
• Any person or group of persons who shall maintain a den,
dive, or resort where any controlled precursor and
essential chemical is used or sold in any form. (sec 5)
• Manufacture of Controlled Precursors and Essential
Chemicals.(Sec 8)
• Employees and Visitors of a Den, Dive or Resort (sec 7)
• Manufacture or Delivery of Equipment, Instrument, Apparatus,
and Other Paraphernalia for Dangerous Drugs and/or Controlled
Precursors and Essential Chemicals(sec 10)
• Unnecessary Prescription of Dangerous Drugs (sec 18)
• Any member of law enforcement agencies or any other
government official and employee who, after due notice, fails or
refuses intentionally or negligently, to appear as a witness for
the prosecution in any proceedings, involving violations of this
Act, without any valid reason (sec 91)
• Delay and Bungling in the Prosecution of Drug Cases –NO FINE
(sec 92)
• Any person, who acts as a "protector/coddler" of any violator of
the provisions under RA 9165
CLANDESTINE LABORATORY ESTABLISHED UNDER THE
FOLLOWING CIRCUMSTANCES SHALL BE CONSIDERED
AGGRAVTING CIRCUMSTANCES (Sec. 8)
• Conducted in the presence or with the help of minor/s:
• Established within one hundred (100) meters of a
residential, business, church or school premises.
• Secured or protected with booby traps
• Concealed with legitimate business operations
• Employment of a practitioner, chemical engineer, public
official or foreigner

POSSESSION OF DANGEROUS DRUGS (Sec.11)
• PENALTY - Life imprisonment and fine ranging from

Php 400K to 500K
• 50 grams or more of SHABU

• 500 grams or more of MARIJUANA
• 10 grams or more for ANY DANGEROUS DRUGS

PENALTY- Imprisonment of 20 years and 1 day to life
imprisonment and fine ranging from Php 400k to 500k
• 10 grams but not more than 50 grams of SHABU

• 300 grams or more but less than 500 grams of
MARIJUANA
• 5 grams or more but less than 10 grams of ANY
DANGEROUS DRUGS

PENALTY- imprisonment of 12 years and 1 day to
20 years and a fine ranging from Php 300K to
400K
• Less than 10 grams of SHABU

• Less than 300 grams of MARIJUANA
• Less than 5 grams of ANY DANGEROUS DRUGS

USE OF DANGEROUS DRUGS (Sec.15)
• 1st offense- minimum of six (6) months rehabilitation in

a government center
• 2nd offense- imprisonment ranging from 6 years and 1

day to 12 years and a fine ranging from 50K to 200K,
provided did not violated section 12

CUSTODY AND DISPOSITION OF CONFISCATED, SEIZED, AND/OR
SURRENDERED DANGEROUS DRUGS... (SEC. 21 RA 9165 as
amended by RA 10640)
• The apprehending team having initial custody and control of

the drugs shall, immediately after seizure and confiscation,
physically inventory and photograph the same in the presence
of the accused or the person/s from whom such items were
confiscated and/or seized, or his/her representative or counsel,
a representative from the media and the Department of
Justice (DOJ), and any elected public official who shall be
required to sign the copies of the inventory and be given a copy
thereof
• 24 hours- upon confiscation or seizure, quantitative
or qualitative examination
• 24 hours- Certification of Examination results if the
volume can’t be completed within the time frame
extended for another 24 hours.
• 72 hours- after filling of criminal case, court shall
conduct ocular inspection.
• 24 hours- order of destruction

PLEA-BARGAINING PROVISION (SEC. 23)
•Any person charged under any

provision of this Act regardless of the
imposable penalty shall not be
allowed to avail of the provision on
plea-bargaining.
PLANTING OF EVIDENCE (SEC. 29)
ANY PERSON who is found guilty of “planting”

any dangerous drug and/or controlled
precursor and essential chemical, regardless
of quantity and purity, shall suffer the penalty
of DEATH. (Life Imprisonment)

AUTHORIZED DRUG TESTING
• Authorized drug testing shall be done by any government
forensic laboratory or by any of the drug testing
laboratories accredited and monitored by the DOH to
safeguard the quality of test results.
• The drug testing shall employ, among others, two (2)
testing methods.
• Drug test certificates issued by accredited drug testing
centers shall be valid for a one- year period from the date
of issue which may be used for other purposes.

LABORATORY EXAMINATION OF APPREHENDED
OFFENDERS (SEC. 38)
If the apprehending or arresting officer has reasonable
ground to believe that the person apprehended or arrested, on
account of physical signs or symptoms or other visible or
outward manifestation is under the influence of dangerous
drugs.
• 24 hours- subject to screening laboratory examination
• 15 days- results of the screening laboratory examination or test

shall be challenged after receipt of the result through a
confirmatory test
MANDATORY DRUG TESTING
• applicants for drivers license (RA 10586)

• applicants for Firearms license & PTCFOR
• members of the PNP, AFP, & other LEA
• All persons charged with criminal offense with
penalty of not less than 6 years.
• All candidates for public office national/ local

RANDOM DRUG TESTING
• Students of secondary and tertiary schools
• Officers and employees of public & private

offices

JURISDICTION OVER DANGEROUS DRUG CASES
•The Supreme Court shall designate
special courts from among the existing
RTC in each judicial region to exclusively
try and hear cases involving violation of
RA 9165.
•The DOJ shall designate special
prosecutors to exclusively handle cases
involving violation of RA 9165.
APPLICATION FOR PROBATION
NOTE: As a General Rule Violations of RA 9165 shall disqualify an
offender to avail of the benefits of PD 968, as amended: EXCEPT:
• Section 12. Possession of Equipment, Instrument, Apparatus and
Other Paraphernalia for Dangerous Drugs.
• Section 14. Possession of Equipment, Instrument, Apparatus and
Other Paraphernalia for Dangerous Drugs during Parties, Social
Gatherings or Meetings.
• Section 17. Maintenance and Keeping of Original Records of
Transactions on Dangerous Drugs and/or Controlled Precursors
and Essential Chemicals.
• Section 70. Probation or Community Service for a First-Time
Minor Offender in Lieu of Imprisonment.
PROCEDURE TO BE FOLLOWED IN VIOLATION OF RA 9165
• Regional Trial Court (RTC)- Holds the Jurisdiction of

Violations of RA 9165
• 30 days- Conduct of Preliminary Investigation
• 24 hours- filling of information
• 15 days- Termination of the reinvestigation when prosecutor
disagree to the MTC judge.
• 60 days- Trial period of the case
• 15 days- Decision shall be rendered
• 15 days- If no appeal was taken the decision shall become
final.
DRUGS INVESTIGATION PROCESSES
• Initial Investigation
• Gathered information by personnel and from other
sources – processing
• Use of informants or special agent (counter surveillance)
• Casing
• Tests buy
• Entrapment/Poseur buying/buy bust operation NOT
INSTIGATION
PROCEDURES:
• Preparation of needs & coordination

• Coordinated instructions between all members of
the team
• Test buy using marked money
• Pre-arranged signal
• Search Warrant and how it is enforced
• Arrest
•Investigation Proper – completion
of needed documents for inquest to
include crime lab examination of
the confiscated contraband.
•Filing of investigation records
•Testimonies
INVESTIGATION OF DRUG-RELATED CRIME AND ILLEGAL
MANUFACTURE OF DRUGS
The PDEA (Philippine Drug Enforcement
Agency) is the lead agency in the anti- illegal drug
operations and the PNP must coordinate with the
agency whenever it launches operations against
illegal drugs. However, there are also drug-related
crimes such as murder/homicide and rape. The
following are checklists to help the police
investigator:
QUANTITY OF DRUGS USE FOR SCIENTIFIC
ANALYSIS
•Not more than five (5) grams per package/bag

•Not more than three (3) tablets for capsules or
tablets
•Not more than fifty (50 ml) for liquid solution
•Not more than ten (10 grams) for dried leaves
and not more than 2 plants.
OPERATIONAL PLANS AGAINST THE DRUG
PROBLEM
• OPLAN Thunderbolt I – operations to create impact to
the underworld.
• OPLAN Thunderbolt II – operations to neutralize
suspected illegal drug laboratories.
• OPLAN Thunderbolt III – operations for the
neutralization of big time drug pushers, drug dealers
and drug lords.
• OPLAN Iceberg – special operations team in selected
drug prone areas in order to get rid of illegal drug
activities in the area.
• OPLAN Hunter – operations against suspected military
and police personnel who are engaged in illegal drug
activities.
• OPLAN Mercurio – Operations against drug stores, which
are violating existing regulations on the scale of regulated
drugs in coordination with the DDB/DOH and BFAD.
• OPLAN Tornado – Operations in drug notorious and high
profile places.
• OPLAN Green gold – NARCOM’s nationwide MJ
eradication operations in coordination with the local
governments and NGO’s.
• OPLAN Sagip-Yagit – A civic program initiated by
NGO’s and local government offices to help
eradicate drug syndicates involving street children
as drug conduits.
• OPLAN Banat – the newest operational plan

against drug abuse focused in the barangay level
in cooperation with barangay officials.
VICES
VICE
• Any immoral conduct or habit, the indulgence of which
leads to depravity, wickedness and corruption of the
minds and body.
THE DIFFERENT FORMS OF VICES
• Drug Addiction
• Alcoholism
• Prostitution
• Gambling
POLICE PROBLEMS IN VICE CONTROL
• Clandestine nature of the commission of the

acts.
• Lack of cooperation from players, customers,
and victims of vices,
• Enjoyment of goodwill by vice operators
• Public apathy and indifference
• Unwilling government officials to work against
vice existence
ALCOHOLISM
TERMS TO PONDER
• Alcoholism – state or condition of a person produced by
drinking intoxicating liquors excessively and with habitual
frequency. (State vs. Savage, 89 Ala. 17 LBA 426, 7 South, Rep.
183). It is a condition wherein a person is under the influence or
intoxicated with alcohol. His physical condition and behavior
has been modified to a certain extent by the effects of alcohol.
• Alcoholic Liquor – is any beverages or compound, whether
distilled, fermented, or otherwise, which will produce
intoxication or which contains in excess of one percentum of
alcohol and is used as a beverage. (State vs. Oliver, 133 S.C.
125, 130 S.S. Rep. 213).
• Drunkard – is a person who habitually takes or use any
intoxicating alcoholic liquor and while under the
influence of such, or in consequence of the effect
thereof, is either dangerous to himself or to others,
• Chronic Alcoholics – person who, from the prolonged

and excessive use alcoholic beverages, finally develops
physical and psycho-changes and dependence to
alcohol. The person consciously or unconsciously
begins to demand on alcohol’s narcotic effects for a
“pick-up”, to sleep at night, to feel “good”,
DRUNKNESS AS A CRIME
• In the Philippines, drunkenness in itself is not a crime because a
person may drink to excess in the privacy of his home or in the
party and commit no crime at all.
 It is only when a drunken person exhibits his condition publicly,
or disturbs, endangers, or injured others, that he became an
offender and therefore, subject to arrest and punishment.
 Before and during elections, it is unlawful to sell or drink
intoxicating liquor, as provided in the election law.
 Under RA 4136, as amended, driving under the influence of
liquor is prohibited.

•Under Article 15 of the Revised Penal Code,
intoxication is considered as Alternative
Circumstances.
•It is considered a mitigating circumstance
when the offender has committed a felony in a
state of intoxication, if the same is not
habitual.
•It is considered an aggravating circumstance,
when the intoxication is habitual or
intentional.
KINDS OF INTOXICATION
• Involuntary – when a drunken person does not know the

intoxicating strength of beverage he has taken.
• Intentional – when a person deliberately drinks liquor
fully knowing its effects, either to obtain mitigation or to
find the liquor as stimulant to commit crime.
• Habitual – when the person finds that drinking his a
constant necessary and the vice ultimately takes hold of
him.
VARIOUS DEGREE OF INTOXICATION
• Slight Inebriation – there is reddening of the face.
There is no sign of mental impairment, in
coordination and difficulty of speech.
• Moderate Inebriation – the person is
argumentative and overconfident. There is slight
impairment of mental difficulties, difficulty of
articulation, loss of coordination of finer
movements. The face is flushed with digested
eyeball. He is reckless and shows motor in
coordination.
• Drunk – the mind is confused, behavior is irregular
and the movement is uncontrolled. The speech us
thick and in coordinated. The behavior is
uncontrollable.
• Very drunk – the mind is confused and disoriented.
There is difficulty in speech and marked motor
incoordination and often walking is impossible.
• Coma – the subject is stuperous or in comatous
condition. Sometimes it is difficult to differentiate
this condition with other conditions having coma.
BRIEF EXPLANATION HOW A PERSON GETS
DRUNK
Alcohol has its maximum period of
absorption from 30 to 60 minutes after ingestion
and it is absorbed in the stomach and in the
intestines. Technically, if alcohol is only inside
the stomach and intestine and not yet absorbed,
it is practically outside of the body because it
cannot produce its physiologic and neurologic
effects.
FORMS OF CHEMICAL AND SCIENTIFIC TESTS OF
INTOXICATION
• Analysis of blood for alcohol contents

• Analysis of urine for alcohol contents
• Analysis of saliva for alcohol contents
• Analysis of breath to determine
concentration of alcohol
• Analysis of body tissue and spinal fluid

THE BLOOD-ALCOHOL TEST
• This test is the most widely accepted and direct method of
determining the concentration of alcohol in the blood. This is done
by physician, nurse or competent technician upon request of the
police investigator. The following are the present two presumptive
standards relating to the interpretation of blood alcohol contents:
• If there is 0.05 percent or less by weight of alcohol in a person’s
blood, it shall be presumed that he is not under the influence of
intoxicating liquor.
• If there is 0.15 percent or more by weight of alcohol in a person’s
blood, it shall be presumed that he is under the influence of
intoxicating liquor.
THE URINE-ALCOHOL TEST:
• Urine examination to determine blood alcohol
contents gives an acceptable result to the court
although the use of this chemical test is not yet
widespread in our jurisdiction. Sample of urine
must not be taken at one time only because
urinary excretion of alcohol varies with time.
Excretion is less during the early stage of
absorption and may be more than that in the blood
during the later stage.
METHODS OF THERAPY ON ALCOHOLISM
The Aversion Treatment
• This treatment seeks to create an aversion from alcohol by the
administration of a Nauseating drug to be followed by a drink of
liquor, and thus develops a dislike of alcohol.
• The method maybe rather costly since hospitalization maybe
required.
• Moreover, the effect is not always lasting and treatment must be
repeated.
• Yet, it is said that this method has proven effective in more than
half of the cases.
The Psychotherapy Method
• This cure depends upon showing that the real
problem of the alcoholic is not the Alcohol itself
but the emotional problem that led the alcoholics
to drink.
• This method therefore, aims to eliminate these
emotional tensions.
• Through therapeutic interviews, it undertakes to
make the alcoholics aware of why he drinks and to
provide him with the strength necessary to combat
his problems.
The Program of Alcoholics Anonymous
• This method is based on conversion and fellowship.

• It emphasizes that alcoholics understand
alcoholism better than anyone else
• man is dependent upon God and must turn to Him
for help; that the alcoholic must sincerely desire to
stop drinking
• He must admit that he is an alcoholic and cannot
drink in moderation.
PROSTITUTION
DEFINTION OF TERMS
• Prostitution- It is an act or practice of a woman
who engage or habitually in sexual intercourse for
money or profit.
• White Slavery-The procurement and transportation
of women cross stateliness for immoral purposes.

• Prostitute - A woman who engage in discriminate
sexual intercourse or acts with males for hire.
• Pimp - One who provides gratification for the lust of
others.
• Operator or Maintainer – one who owns or
manages houses of ill-refute where the business of
prostitution is conducted. Sometimes they are
called “madame or mama san”.
• Whores/Knocker - It is a name often used for all
types of prostitute.
VAGRANTS AND PROSTITUTES (RPC)
• Any person having no apparent means of subsistence, who

has the physical ability to work and who neglects to apply
himself or herself to some lawful calling.
• Any person found loitering about public or semi-public
building or places, or tramping or wandering about the
country or to the streets without visible means of support.
• Any idle or dissolute person who lodges in houses of ill-
fame, ruffians or pimps and those who habitually
associate with prostitutes.
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10158
• Signed last March 27, 2012, amended Article 202 of the
Revised Penal Code removing vagrancy from the country's
list of crimes amid concerns it only targets the poor and
the disadvantaged.
• Although the poor or homeless people can no longer be
hauled to jail for vagrancy, the new law continued to
penalize women engaged in prostitution.
• RA 10158, defined prostitutes as "women who for money
or profit, habitually indulge in sexual intercourse or
lascivious conduct."
• A person found guilty of prostitution is punished by
imprisoned from one to 30 days or a fine not exceeding
P200.
• In case of recidivism, they are punished by arresto
mayor in its medium period to prison correctional in its
minimum period or a fine ranging from P200 to P2,000,
or both, depending on the court.
• With the enactment of the law, all pending vagrancy
cases meantime shall be dismissed and all persons
serving sentence for violating the vagrancy law shall
immediately be released.
TYPES OF PROSTITUTES ON THE BASIS OF OPERATION
CALL GIRLS
• These are the part-time prostitutes.
• They have their own legitimate work or profession but works as a
prostitutes to supplement their income. Sometimes they are
tellers, sales-ladies of department stores, waitresses, beauticians,
or engage in similar jobs that they use to make contacts with
customers.
• They receive telephone calls from a selected group of customers
and make arrangements to meet them at a designated place.
• She may work alone or in partnership with an intermediary with
whom she shares her earnings.
HUSTLER
• Professional type of prostitutes.
• She maybe a bar or tavern “pick-up” or a “street walker”.
• The bar or tavern “pick-up” frequents places where liquor is sold,
sometimes operating with the consent and knowledge of the
management.
• The streetwalker is the oldest and the most common type of
prostitute.
• She may work with taxi-drivers and commits prostitution in a
taxi-cab. Her common customers are the tourists, gamblers,
criminals, Addicts and others.
• Their operation is oftentimes associated with swindling their
customers.
DOOR KNOCKER
• This is the occasional or selective type of prostitute.
• She is usually a newcomer in the business
Oftentimes, they are motivated by extreme Desire
for money due to poverty or supporting their other
vices.
• She makes contact thru information coming from the
professional and hustler who are friends who gives
her addresses of prospective customers
FACTORY GIRLS
• Are the real professional type of prostitutes.

• She works in regular houses of prostitution or brothels.
• She accepts all comers and has nothing to do with the
selecting and soliciting the customers.
• She works in regular hours or tour of duty under the
direct supervision of the madam or operator of the
prostitution house.
• She gets her share of the earnings by commission or per
customers.
TYPES OF PROSTITUTION HOUSES
DISORDERLY HOUSES
• A “madam” or “maintainer” supervises the operation supported
by a staff of teller (cashier), bell or room boys, register clerks,
watchmen, pimps and security guards known as bouncer.
• Their operation appears to be a legitimate business entity mostly
under the protection of crooked policemen or law enforcement
authorities and their location is prominently known to all their
customers.
• They have number of small rooms with the prostitutes staying
there at where they wait for customers. At times, the house
provided with secret exits ready for escaping in case of police
raids.
FURNISHED ROOM HOUSE
• usually operated by an experienced “madam” who rent rooms

to legitimate roomers in order to maintain an appearance of
responsibility Purposely, the madam leaves several rooms not
rented to legitimate roomers for ready use of the
prostitution.
• These prostitutes are mostly the call girls who make the room
their designated places in perpetrating their business.
• Their rent is on per customers basis or they maintain the rent
continuously but the prostitutes do not live there permanently
but elsewhere to maintain their anonymity and identity.
• These houses could be found mostly in flashy subdivision or
residential areas.
CALL HOUSES
• This is where the customers call and the madam makes the
arrangement and sends the girls by a transporter who is a
man or woman to the place arrangement.
• The house appears to be a legitimate business house such
as service agencies, travel offices, coffee shops, beauty
parlors and the like duly licensed and registered as such
with the government office.
• However, the telephone number is limited only to qualified
customers as recommended by their pimps who conducts
the background investigation on the ability of the
prospective customers to pay.
MASSAGE CLINICS
• These houses are operated under a licensed or permit issued
by the government but acts as a front for prostitution where
the act maybe done or as per arrangement.
• They operate with barbershops with manicurists
or“attendants” and “massagists” who while servicing their
customers may make contacts or the prostitutes or
themselves.
• These prostitutes are sometimes the newcomers in the
business who do not earn much as attendants or massagists.

CONTROL AND PREVENTION OF PROSTITUTION
THE SCHOOL OF REGULATORY CONTROL
• This method maintains the idea that we cannot do

away with prostitution unless we consider the
problems and remove the causes of prostitution.
• The following regulatory policy has been adopted
to provide the necessary protection for the society.

• Segregation of brothels and soliciting to restricted districts.
• Public licensing of houses of prostitution
• Registration of prostitutes to protect them from the exploitation of
white slave trade
• Periodic medical examination of prostitutes and public health
education.
• Legalization of the practice of prostitution under government
supervision and control to make it more realistic.
• That arrest of prostitutes be handled by non-police agencies but
should betaken care by social workers and medical men.
• Finally, the rehabilitation of prostitutes by providing them jobs and
facilities to earn a decent living.
THE SCHOOL OF TOTAL REPRESSION
• This method believes that prostitution is both a crime and

a vice and therefore, should be repressed and totally
prohibited.
• It maintains that chastity and continence should be the
rule of conduct for everybody and to allow prostitution
would be to assist immorality and white slave trade
• As to licensing of prostitution, this school of thought
argues that it invites men to enjoy promiscuity free and
easy and without fear of the law.
GAMBLING
TERMS TO PONDER
• GAMBLING stake of money or something of material value on an
event with an uncertain outcome with the primary intent of
winning additional money and/or material goods.
• ILLEGAL NUMBERS GAME Any form of illegal gambling activity
which uses numbers or combination as factors in giving out
jackpots.
• JUETENG illegal numbers game that involves the combination of
numbers as a form of local lottery where bets are placed and
accepted per combination .
•MASIAO illegal numbers game where the
winning combination is derived from the
results of the last game of Jai Alai or the
Special Llave portion
•LAST TWO Illegal numbers game where
the winning combination is derived from
the last two numbers of the first prize of
the winning Sweepstakes ticket.
• BETTOR (Mananaya) Any person, who places bets
for himself/herself or in behalf of another person,
other than the personnel or staff of any illegal
numbers game operation.
• COLLECTOR or AGENT (Cabo, Cobrador) Any

person who collects, solicits or produces bets in
behalf of his/her principal for any illegal numbers
game who is usually in possession of gambling
paraphernalia
• MAINTAINER, MANAGER OR OPERATOR Any
person who maintains, manages, or operates any
illegal number game in a specific area.
• FINANCIERS OR CAPITALIST Any person who
finances the operations of any illegal numbers
game.
• PROTECTOR OR CODDLER Any person who lends or
provides protection, or receives benefits in any
manner in the operation of any illegal numbers
game.
•CHANCE OR HAZARD – is the uncertainty of
the result of the game or when the outcome of
the game is incapable of calculation by human
reason, foresight, sagacity or design.
•WAGER – is the bet or consideration placed on
gambling games.
•PRIZE – is the unequal amount due to the
winner.
• GULLIBLE PERSON – person who easily deceived
especially in crooked gambling.
• CONDUCTOR – is the person who manages or
carries the gambling game.
• BANKER – is the person who keeps the money
from which the winner is to be paid.
• PAGCOR (Philippine Amusement and Gambling
Corporation) – office that controls/regulates
gambling games.
CLASSIFICATION OF GAMBLING GAMES
1. Those who are absolutely or per se prohibited
• Under Art. 195, RPC – monte, jueteng, other form

of lottery, policy, banking or percentage game and
dog races;
• Faro and roulette is absolutely prohibited by the
Gambling Law.
2. Those which are regulated by law. These games
are regulated in the sense that the law allows the
same to be played except on certain specified of
the day.
• Cockfighting under Art. 199, Revised Penal Code
• Horse Racing under Art. 198, Revised Penal Code
• Panguingue, cuajo, domino, mahjong, entre
cuatro, and other under Sec. 828, Revised
Ordinances of the City of Manila
REQUISITES/ELEMENTS OF THE CRIME OF GAMBLING
• That money or other consideration of value is at
stake
• That the result of the games depends wholly or
chiefly upon chance or hazrd
• In cases of lottery, there must be:
• consideration;
• chance, and;
• prize or the inequal amount due to the winner
•NOTE: Lottery becomes punishable only
when the participants buys ticket only for
purposes of participating in the lottery but
not when the participation is only
incidental to buying a certain good
wherein the participation entitles the buyer
an equal value of his money’s worth.

LAWS RELEVANT TO GAMBLING
Article 195 of RPC

• Acts punishable in gambling – any person directly or indirectly take part in
any game of Monte, jueteng, other form of lottery, policy, banking or
percentage game, dog races or any other game the result of which depends
wholly upon a chance wherein wagers consisting of money, articles of value,
or representative of value are made.
Article 195 of RPC. The penalty of arresto mayor or a fine not exceeding two
hundred pesos, and, in case of recidivism, the penalty of arresto mayor or a
fine ranging from two hundred or six thousand pesos,
• The penalty of prision correccional in its maximum degree shall be imposed
upon the maintainer, conductor, or banker in a game of jueteng or any similar
game.
Article 196 (RPC)
• Penalizing any person who shall import into the
Philippine Islands from any foreign place or port
any lottery ticket or advertisement, or in
connivance with the importer, shall sell or
distribute the same.
• The penalty of arresto mayor in its maximum
period to prision correccional in its minimum
period or a fine ranging from 200 to 2,000 pesos,
or both, in the discretion of the court
Article 197 (RPC). Betting in sports Contest
•Penalizing any person who shall bet money or

any object or article of value or representative
of value upon the result of any boxing or other
sports contest.
•The penalty of arresto menor or a fine not
exceeding 200 pesos, or both,
Article 198 (RPC). Illegal betting on horse
races
•Penalizing any person who, except during the
periods allowed by law, shall bet on horse
races.
•The penalty of arresto menor or a fine not
exceeding 200 pesos, or both,

Article 199 (RPC). Illegal cockfighting
• Penalizing any person who directly or indirectly

participates in cockfights, at a place other than a
licensed cockpit.
• The penalty of arresto menor or a fine not
exceeding 200 pesos, or both, in the discretion
of the court

RA 3063 – Approved June 17, 1961
• authorizing licensed race tracks and racing clubs and
their authorized agent to offer, take or arrange bets
outside the place, enclosure of track where the races
held.
• Penalty - fine of not less than one thousand pesos not
more than two thousand pesos or by imprisonment for
not less than one month or more than six months, or
both, in the discretion of the court. If the offender is a
partnership, corporation or association, the criminal
liability shall devolve upon its president, director, or any
other official responsible for the violation.
• PD 449 – Cockfighting Law of 1974 – Approved May 9,
1974.
• PD 483 - Penalizing Betting, Game-fixing or point
shaving and Machinations in Sports Contents.
Approved on June 13, 1974.
• PD 1602 – Approved June 11, 1978. prescribing stiffer
penalties on illegal gambling.
• RA 9287 – Approved 2, 2004 An Act increasing the
penalties for illegal numbers games, amending certain
provisions of P.D. 1602, and for other purposes.

CDI 101 Second Sem

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Drug Education

• Drug Abuse - is a patterned use of a

• Sell. – Any act of giving away any dangerous drug

COMPULSION (urge to use

• Deliberate use of medically useful drugs which

Some drugs, like paracetamol, have certain health

• Minimal dose – the amount needed to treat or heal, that is,

• IONTOPHORESIS- introduction of the drugs

Two primary means of distribution:

Parents who always quarrel

February 17, 2020 DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

February 17, 2020 DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

In Southwest Asia the “Golden Crescent is the major

• 2001-2004: most labs in Metro

-UNODC launched in order to encourage

- Most illicit drugs are sourced in conflict-ridden regions

-It is also a paradise for organized crime,

-is the wellspring of the global opium trade,

- the rest flow through Central Asia.

6. With regards to age group by drug type,

• Loss of body control may result to bone fractures

DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

• Marquis Test – Amphetamines

Marijuana Duquenois-Levine Test or KN Red Bottom Layer

Signed June 7, 2002

Published June 19, 2002

TOOK EFFECT JULY 4, 2002

PGMA signed RA 9165

February 17, 2020 DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

The new Dangerous Drugs

Enforcement Agency (PDEA)

 A regular law enforcement

• the secretariat of the National Drug Law Enforcement

•The Narcotics Group of the PNP, the Narcotics

February 17, 2020 DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

•Note: personnel absorbed and on detail

February 17, 2020 DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

February 17, 2020 DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

• DOJ, DOH, DND, DOF, DOLE, DILG, DSWD, DFA,

February 17, 2020 DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

• NOTE: The Director of NBI and Chief, PNP are

February 17, 2020 DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

February 17, 2020 DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

• PENALTY - Life imprisonment and fine ranging from

• 50 grams or more of SHABU

February 17, 2020 DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

• 10 grams but not more than 50 grams of SHABU

February 17, 2020 DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

• Less than 10 grams of SHABU

February 17, 2020 DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

• 1st offense- minimum of six (6) months rehabilitation in

• 2nd offense- imprisonment ranging from 6 years and 1

February 17, 2020 DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

• The apprehending team having initial custody and control of

February 17, 2020 DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

•Any person charged under any

ANY PERSON who is found guilty of “planting”

February 17, 2020 DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

February 17, 2020 DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

• 24 hours- subject to screening laboratory examination

• 15 days- results of the screening laboratory examination or test

• applicants for drivers license (RA 10586)

February 17, 2020 DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL