ARCHITECTURE

FROM THE
EARLY AGE
 PREHISTORIC ARCHITECTURE
MEGALITH
• From the Greek word “Lithos”
– Stone
• “Megas” – big
• Made up of huge stone
blocks which is intended for
BURIAL.
• During this era, rocks were
associated with divinity.
3 MAIN TYPES OF MEGALITH STONES
1.MENHIR
It is a huge stone
standing vertically on
the ground, usually
standing in the
middle of the field or
arranged in rows.
 2. DOLMENS
•Stone table
•It is believed
that it served
as a grave or
as an altar.
 3. CROMLECH
•Brythonic word where “crom” means
bent or curved and “ llech” means slab
or flagstones.
•Literally, it is a circle of standing stones.
•Example:
•STONEHENGE – it is a temple where
rituals are held.
 PYRAMID OF GIZA
•It is the most substantial ancient
structures of the world.
•These are funerary structures of the
three kings of the fourth dynasty:
•Khufu – Great Pyramid
•Khafa – next to the Great pyramid
•Menkaura – smallest pyramid
•Pyramids were made very confusing and
with many tunnels to create confusion for
grave robbers.
•Egyptian were built to serve as place of
residence for the gods.
•They are made of wood, reed matting
and mud brick.
•Pharaoh fighting in battles and performing
rituals with the gods were the scenes
found on the walls.
PYRAMIDS IN LATIN AMERICA
 MASTABA
•Egyptian tomb which is flat-
roofed, rectangular
structure with outward
sloping sides.
•It is made of mud bricks or
stone.
 GREEK
ARCHITECTURE
Temples consisted of a central shrine
or room in an aisle surrounded by
rows of columns.
 3 ARCHITECTURAL STYLES

1.DORIC
2.IONIC
3.CORINTHIAN
stylish Doric
the Ionic with its scrolls fancy Corinthian
 THE PARTHENON (ATHENS)
•Greatest classical temple
•It shows an optical illusion
that the columns were
contorted.
 ROMAN
ARCHITECTURE
 THE
COLOSSEUM
Emperors erected structures
used for public games, baths
and procession.
They built sturdy
stone structures both
for use and
perpetuate their
glory.
 BYZANTINE
ARCHITECTURE
Mosaic decoration was
perfected.
Dome on
architecture was a
great advancement
this time.
 EXAMPLE
Hagia Sophia (Istanbul)
•Means HOLY WISDOM
•One of the biggest
domes created.
 HAGIA SOPHIA
It narrates how a
magnificent construction
transformed from being a
church, into a mosque
and finally into museum.
ROMANESQUE
ARCHITECTURE
•Display solid masonry
walls, rounded arches
and masonry vaults.
•It is a period of great
building activities in
Europe.
 EXAMPLE
The Groin-Vaulted
Crypt of Worcester
Cathedral
 GOTHIC
ARCHITECTURE
•It has two new devices:
•Pointed arch
•Stone vaults
 EXAMPLE
Cathedral of Chartres
Known as the Notre
Dame Cathedral
 INDIVIDUAL ACTIVITY
MY DREAM HOUSE
If you were given a chance to design your
dream house, how would you like it to be?
Choose from the different architectures that
we discussed and use it as inspiration for your
dream house.

Draw your dream house in a one whole sheet

of paper.