WHAT IS

WORK?
What comes into your mind when you hear the word work?

“I’ll meet
“What is your
you after
work?”
WOR work”

“Have you KThe word work

done your has many
homework?” meanings
 What is work?
In physics, work is an abstract
idea related to energy.
When work is done it is accompanie
d by a change in energy. When w
ork is done by an object it loses e
nergy and when work is done on
an object it gains energy.
 How can we say that there is work done?

In order to say that work is done

on an object, there must be force
applied on it and the object move
s in the direction of the applied fo
rce.
Example 1: A GIRL PUSHING A CHAIR

Work is done if the object you push mov

es a distance in the direction towards w
Example 2: A BOY PUSHING A WALL

No work is done if the force you exert

does not make the object move.
Example 3: A WAITER CARRYING A
TRAY WINE WHILE WALKING

No work is don
e if the force yo
u exert does no
t make the obje
ct move in the
same direction
as the force yo
u exerted.
 Is there work done?

1. A girl pushing her cart

Picture reference: Dreamstime.com

 Is there work done?

2. A man lifting a box

Picture reference: Dreamstime.com

 Is there work done?

3. A girl carrying a bag while walki

ng

Picture reference: Dreamstime.com

A GIRL PUSHING HER CART
 What is direction of the force applied on the cart?
 What is the direction of the motion of the cart?

 The girl is doing work on the cart.

 Same direction of the force applied on the

cart and the motion of the cart, therefore

there is work.
A MAN LIFTING A BOX
 What is direction of the force applied on the bo
x?
Whatman
 The is theisdirection of theon
doing work motion of the box?
the box.
 Same direction of the force applied on the

box and the motion of the box, therefore

there is work.
A GIRL CARRYING A BAG WALKING DOWN A STRE
ET

 What
Whatisisdirection of the
direction offorce
the applied on the box?
force applied on
the box?
 What is the direction of the motion of the box?

 What is the direction of the motion
The man is NOT doing work on the bag.of the
box?
 Not the same direction of the force

applied on the bag and the motion of the

bag, therefore there is NO work.
CALCULATING WORK
Work (W) is done when the force (F)
applied to the object causes the object to
have a displacement (d) in the sa
me direction as the force applied. The
work done by a force can be calculated as
W=Fd. The unit of force is Newton (N).
Hence, the unit for work is N m or joules (
J).
 James Prescott Joul
e
The unit joule (J) is named after t
he English Physicist James Prescot
t Joule. This is also the unit for en
ergy. One joule is equal to the wor
k done or energy expended in appl
ying a force of one Newton throug
WORK IS A METHOD OF TRANS
FERRING ENERGY

Let’s do this! Play a bowling ga

me. Roll a ball along the floor t
o hit an empty bottle.

Is there work done on the ball?

WHAT IS
ENERGY?
 ENERGY

Energy can be defined as the abilit

y or capacity to do work.
 POTENTIAL ENERGY and KINE
TIC ENERGY
Potential energy is defined
as “stored” energy of an obj
ect.
Kinetic energy is the energy

of a moving object is or ene

rgy of motion.
VIDEO OF KE AND PE
 GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL
ENERGY
 A force that is always directed downwards or to
wards to the center of the earth (gravity).
 When an object is lifted from the ground, the w

ork is done is against the force of gravity.

 An object gains energy when raised from the g

round and loses energy when made to fall.

 The energy gained or loss by an object is called

gravitational potential energy.

 GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL
ENERGY

Example 1: A MANGO FRUIT ON THE

BRANCH

Picture reference: alarmystockphotos.com

GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL
ENERGY

Example 1: A MANGO FRU

IT ON THE BRANCH

The mango fruit is possible to

fall down anytime because of
the gravitational force that pul
ls it downward.
 POWER
 Power is rate of doing work or rate
of using energy.
 In equation, P= Work/time or P=E

nergy/time
 Simply, power is doing work or en

ergy with TIME.

 Unit for power is watts(W).
VIDEO
 James Watt
The unit for power is joules per second. Bu
t maybe, you are more familiar with watts
which commonly used to measure power c
onsumption of electrical devices. The unit
watt is named after who was a Scottish inv
entor and mechanical engineer known for
his improvements on steam engine technol
ogy.