Migration and Demography

GE TCW. THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD

Learning Outcomes

 At
the end of this lesson, learners are
expected to:
1. define migration and demography;
2. explain the causes of migration;
3. discuss demographic factors; and
4. evaluate the impact of globalization
Defining Migration

 Migration
A permanent or semi-permanent change of
residence
 Peoplewho migrate include permanent settlers,
temporary workers, asylum seekers, and
undocumented arrivals
 With the intention of short or long-term
settlement
Migration

 People can either:

choose to move
(voluntary migration)
be forced to move
(involuntary migration)
Scales of Migration

1. Intercontinental – moving between

continents
2. Intracontinental – between countries on a
single continent
3. Interregional – e.g. from rural to urban areas
for better opportunities
10 Types of Migration

Internal Migration External Migration

Moving to a new home Moving to a new home in a

within the same state, different state, country, or
country, or continent continent

Emigration Immigration

Leaving one country to Moving into a new country

move to another
10 Types of Migration

Population Transfer Impelled Migration

When a government forces Individuals are not forced

a large group of people out out of their country, but
of a region leave because of
unfavorable situations
Step Migration Chain Migration

A series of shorter, less A series of migration within

extreme migration from a a family or defined group of
person’s place of origin to people
destination
10 Types of Migration

Return Migration Seasonal Migration

The voluntary movements The process of moving for a

of immigrants back to their period of time in response
place of origin to labor or climate
conditions
People Who Migrate

1. Emigrant – a person who is leaving one country to

reside in another
2. Immigrant – a person is entering a country from
another to take up new residence
3. Refugee – a person who is residing outside the
country of his or her origin due to fear of persecution
People Who Migrate

4. Internally Displaced Person – a person who

is forced to leave his or her home region because of
unfavorable conditions (political, social,
environmental, etc) but does not cross any boundary
5. Migration Stream – a group migration from a
particular country, region, or city to a certain
destination
Why People Migrate

1. Push Factors – reasons for emigrating (leaving a

place) because of a difficulty (such as food shortage,
war, flood, etc.)

2. Pull Factors – reasons for immigration (moving

into a place) because of something desirable (such as
nicer climate, better food supply, freedom, etc.)
Defining Demography

 Demography
 Thestudy of the size, territorial distribution,
and composition of population, changes
therein, and the components of such changes
Population Size Fertility Social/Institutional Factors
Composition Mortality Social/Psychological Factors
Distribution Migration Biological Factors