Macro Environmental

Sources of
Opportunities
Macro Environment
• The macro environment refers to
the “big or macro forces” that
affect the area, the industry, and
the market, which the enterprise
belongs to.
 S. P. E. E. T.
• The macro environment forces
can be divided into the five
categories composed of the
SOCIAL, POLITICAL, ECONOMIC,
ECOLOGICAL, and
TECHNOLOGICAL.
1. Socio-Cultural Environment
• The socio-cultural environment
includes the demographics and
cultural dimensions that govern
the relevant entrepreneural
endeavor
Demographic Environment

• Demography is the study of human

populations in term of sizes, density,
location, age, gender, race,
occupation, and other statistics. The
demographic environment is a major
interest to marketers because it
involves people, and people make up
markets.
2. Political Environment
• The political environment defines the
governance system of the country or
the local area of business. It includes
all the laws, rules, and regulations
that govern business practices as well
as the permits, approvals, and
licenses necessary to operate the
business.
3. Economic Environment
• Supply and demand forces
mainly drive the macro
economic environment rates
that fluctuate with the
movement of the market
forces.
4. Ecological Environment
• The ecological environment
includes all natural resources and
the ecosystem, habitat of men,
animals, plants, and minerals.
5. Technological Environment
• New scientific and technological
discoveries, which often lead to
the launch and commercialization
of new products with superior
attributes or to rendering the old
ones obsolete, are the
entrepreneur’s nightmares.
Examples of Relevant Opportunities
and Threats to environment
Factors Opportunities Threats to the
to the Enterprise
Enterprise
1.Social • Increased
• Increasing customer
double base for the
income fast food
earners in the chain
family • More healthy
• Trend toward product
healthier offerings are
food choices demanded by
customers
Factors Opportunities Threats to the
to the Enterprise
Enterprise
2. Political • Increased
• Tax purchasing
exemption for power of the
13th month consumers
pay and other leading to
bonuses up higher retail
to Php. sales.
70,000
passed by
Congress
Factors Opportunities Threats to the
to the Enterprise
Enterprise
3. Economic • Opportunity • Smaller
• ASEAN for the suppliers’
integration in enterprise to difficulty
2015 expand to coping with
(countries other ASEAN greater
that belong markets competition
to ASEAN posed by
trading at foreign rivals
zero tariff)
Factors Opportunities Threats to the
to the Enterprise
Enterprise

4. Ecological • Opportunity • Additional

- Increased to start an costs
usage of eco- advocacy incurred by
bags and toward new
environmenta greener packaging
l-friendly operation may
containers decrease
profitabilit
y
Factors Opportunities to Threats to the
the Enterprise Enterprise

5. • Greater usage • Potential for

Technological of apps to online
customer
• Increased place delivery
disappointme
usage of orders via nts and
smartphones smartphones, netizen
to which may bashing due to
disseminate help increase poor service
important market reach delivery and
information poor internet
cover