Internship Presentation

HEATING VENTILLATION AND AIR CONDITIONING

Internship (Subject code 15ME84)

by
SUMAN CHAND
( 1HK16ME100)
VII Semester B.E : Sep
/ Oct 2019

Internal Guide External Guide

Prof. RAMCHANDRA KULKARNI

Department of Mechanical Engineering Management Representative

HKBK College of Engineering, M/S SMEC

BENGALUR
U
 CHAPTER-
1
COMPANY
PROFILE
SMEC

 SMEC Automation is an ISO 9001:2008 certified company and a leading service provider in

India in the field of Electro-mechanical services such as Air-conditioning, Heating, Ventilation,

Refrigeration, Power conditioning, Plumbing & Sanitation, Surveillance systems, sub marine

Integrated Building Management Systems and Office automation systems.

 This company provides a more detailed look at our Commercial, Residential, Remodel, and
Service

Departments. Our goal is to provide you with useful information that highlights our work and

experience in all of these areas.

 We feel that our hands on experience installing much of the equipment gives our company

an edge when it comes to the knowledge needed to provide the service that your company

needs.
COMPANY
CERTIFICATE
 CHAPTER-2

Code and standard

 ASHRAE=ASHRAE, the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air

Conditioning

 ISHRAE =The Indian Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning

What is HVAC Load Calculation?

 An HVAC Load Calculation is a mathematical process for measuring several aspects

of a building in order to determine the best size, application and style of HVAC

system.

 The purpose is to ensure energy efficiency while also maximizing comfort.

APPLICATION OF HVAC SYSTEM

1) Residential
2) Commercial
3) Industrial
4) Educational
5) Pharmaceuticals Hospitals
6) Malls/Offices And many more..
Factors to considering during heating load requirement

 It is necessary for air conditioning designers to know about the heat source and

their nature before designing of air conditioning system.

 Building detailed layout. Building orientation.

 Ambient condition.

 Use of Space.

 Physical dimension of space. “* Indoor design condition.

 Filtration level required. Glass area exposed to sun. “Occupancy.

 Lighting load.

 Equipment load.

 Fresh air requirement.

 OUTDOOR LOADS :

 Heat flow through the exterior wall, ceilings, floors, windows and doors due

to temperature difference between two sides.

 LOAD DUE TO SOLAR RADIATION

 Heat from the Sun absorbed by the wall and roof and later transferred to

room by conduction.

 Heat transmitted directly by radiation through glass of Window.

 Heat received from windows and doors due to frequent openings.

GLASS HEAT LOAD

 Q=A X SC X CL
 Q = heat gain by solar radiation through glass, Btu/hr [W]
 A = total surface area of the glass, ft [m7]
 SC = shading coefficient of the window, dimensionless
 SCL = solar cooling load factor,
Btu/hreft Q = HEAT FLOW (BTU/HR)
o Q=UxAxAT
o U — Overall heat transfer coefficient
of the material. [U = 1/2R]

o A — Area of the surface in Square

Feet.

o A T — Temperature Outside —
Temperature Inside.

HEAT LOAD CALCULATION

a) SOLAR HEAT GAIN FOR (W) WALL,
(F) FLOOR & (R) ROOF.
b)SOLAR HEAT GAIN FOR
(G) GLASS (WINDOWS).
c)EFFECTIVE ROOM
(E.R.S.H.L) SENSIBLE HEAT
LOAD.
d)EFFECTIVE ROOM
(E.R.L.H.L) LATENT HEAT
LOAD.
E.EFFECTIVE ROOM
Solar heat gain from wall and floor
1. West side
 Q=U X A XAT
=730X29X0.36
=7621.20BTU/HR
2. NORTH SIDE
 Q=451.5X31X0..3
=4198.95
3. SOUTH SIDE
 Q=645X29X0.36
=6733.80BTU/HR
4. FLOOR
 Q=4708.5X29X0.19
=25943.84 BTU/HR

TOTAL SOLAR HEAT GAIN FOR WALL AND

FLOOR(BTU/HR)=7621.20+4198.95+6733.80+25943.84
 =44497.7
9btu/hr SOLAR HEAT

GAIN FOR GLASS

Q=AXSCXSCL
NORTH
SIDE
GLASS=193.5X0.8X16.08
=
2489.28bt  Qs (Sensible Heat) =CFM x (At)
d
u/hr X (bf) x 1.08
TOTAL SOLAR HEAT  = 1569.5x 34x 0.15x 1.08
GAIN=46990.06BTU/HR C. EFFECTIVE ROOM  = 8,644.8 btu/hr
SENSIBLE HEAT LOAD (E.R.S.H.L) Outside  Internal Heat = No.of People x
Air “ Volume of the room (ft3) x No. of air Sensible Heat Gain.
changes =110X245
6 = 17,150btu/hr
(At) = Outside temperature—inside
temperature 1.08=0.224x60/13.5  Light load=Total area (sq.ft) x
13.5 = Specific Volume of moist air at lighting load (watts) x 3.4
70F DBT, = 4708.5x2x 3.4
0.224=specific heat of moist air at 70f
 =32,017.8 btu/hr
 Equipment Load=No. of Equipment x Load x equipment load (watts) x 3.4
90 x 300x 3.4 91,800 btu/hr
 Total Sensible Heat Load = 44, 497.78+ 2,492,28+ 8,644.8+ 17,150+
32,017.8+ 91,800
= 206,402.66 btu/hr (A+
B+C)
ERSH=222914.87BTU/HR
D. EFFECTIVE ROOM LATENTHEAT LOAD (E.R.L.H.L)
 Qi (Latent Heat) = Outside air CFM x (Aw) x (bf) x 0.68
= 1369.5x 36x 0.15 x 0.68
= 5,763.204 btu/hr. se +
(Aw) = Outside Humidity Ration — Indoor Humidity Ration ,0.15=bf
205 = Latent Heat Contribution in Room (ASHRAE)
 Latent Heat Internal Load = No. of People x Latent Heat Gain. =
110x205 = 22,550 btu/hr
 Total Latent Heat Load = 5,763.204+ 22,550 = 28,313.204 btu/hr (1 +2)
Safety Factor 8%

• EffectiveRoom Latent Heat Load = 30,578btu/hr

E. EFFECTIVE ROOM TOTALHEAT LOAD (E.R.T.H.L)

 E.R.T.H.L = E.R.S.H.L + E.R.L.H.L = 222,914.87 +30,578

= 253,492.87 btu/hr

 TR(TONS OF REFRIGERATION) =E.R.T.H.L / 12,000

= 253,492.87 / 12000

= 21.12 TR (22 TR approx.)

 EFFECTIVE ROOM SENSIBLE HEAT FACTOR =ERSHL/ERTHL

=

=222914.87/253492.87

=0.88

 DEHUMIDIFIED(CFM)= ERSHL/ 1.08 x (RT — ADP)

= 222914.87/1.08X(72-54)

=1466.81 CFM EHUMIDIFIED

FINAL RESULT=

Capacity: 22 TR (BASED ON THIS AIR CONDITIONING IS SELECTED)

Air Flow :11467 CFM

WINDOW AIR CONDITIONING

 Cheapest and widely used

 AVAILABEL TR=0.75 to 2, refrigerant use R22,R410A

SPLIT AIR CONDITIONING

It has indoor and outdoor unit.

AVAILABEL TR=0.75 TO 4

CENTRALISED AIR CONDITIONING

 Suitable for large office buildings

malls apartment etc

AVAILAble TR=ABOVE 22 TR

PACKAGE AIR CONDITIONING

 Suitable for homes,halls etc

 AVAILABLE TR= 1to20 TR

 OBSERVATION AND CONCLUSION=

For a heat load calculation, it is necessary to conduct a

survey of all the rooms in the building and identify all the
heat sources present.
Then, based on the heat load calculated, the HVAC designer
recommends the type of
air-conditioning system of suitable type and tonage for
the application, and its required capacity.
This approach helps property owners avoid oversized
systems with higher initial and
running costs than necessary, and also undersized systems
that deliver insufficient cooling.
 CHAPTER-
3
 VRF SELECTION
SOFTWARE
 Selectio software is used to design the refrigeration piping for the installation of
n their VRF

systems.
We need to have a cooling and heating load to import or use with the VRF piping
design

software.
V R F Piping Diagram

 We will draw a schematic piping diagram showing all the outdoor & indoor

units along with any accessories.

 We will also show the pipe sizes and lengths that were used in the
calculation.
 There will also be model numbers for the equipment and accessories with
the schematic.
 All fittings and valves are converted to an equivalent length of pipe when
calculating piping and system size.
VRF Piping
 Model # and Size of the Outdoor Unit

 Pipe Sizing from outdoor Unit to Branch Selector or

Indoor Unit

 Pipe Lengths for each section

 Model numbers of all “Y”-Branch Fittings and where

they are located.

 Model # of all Branch Selector Boxes

 Pipe Sizing from Branch Selector Boxes to Indoor unit

 Pipe Lengths for each section

 Model # of all Indoor Units and its Cooling & Heating

Capacity

VRV Control Wiring

The vrf design software will give the following

1. Power Wiring for Outdoor units

2.Power Wiring for Branch Selector Boxes
3.Power Wiring for Indoor Units
4.Control Wiring from Controller to Indoor Units
5.Control Wiring between Indoor Units
6.Control Wiring from Indoor Units to Branch Selector Box
7.Control Wiring between Branch Selector Boxes
8.Control Wiring between Branch Selector Boxes and
Outdoor Units
9.Control Wiring between Outdoor Units

Bill of Materials

The VRFPiping Design will provide a bill of materials for the

project which should include the following at a minimum;
 1. Equipment Model Numbers &
Capacity
2. Piping sizes and lengths
3. Controls, thermostats
4. Factory refrigerant charge & additional refrigerant charge
required

Refrigerant Charge
we will generate an estimated quantity of refrigerant that you will
be required to supply to meet the required capacity of the system.
 Selection result

The following results are

obtained.

1.Project Parameter
Project Name: selection of pipe outdoor unit
and indoor unit
Nation: India
Location: Bangalore
Address: Bangaluru
Name: project1
Job Title: 2
Outdoor barometric pressure 90660
in summer(Pa):
Outdoor mean air velocity in 4
summer(m/s):
Summer OutDoor Dry-bulb: 90.9
Summer OutDoor Wet-bulb: 26.2
Winter OutDoor Dry-bulb: 44.6
Winter OutDoor Wet-bulb: 6

2.Material
List

Model Qty Description

38VF014T119010 1 FULL DC
INVERTER 3-PIPE
VRF 380V 8-
18HP
40VT009H10200 1 Two-way
010 Cassette
40VX018H11200 3 New Four-way
010 Cassette(Com
pac t)
40VK028H11200 1 Four_way
010 Cassette
BJF-224-CM(i) 3 Distributor
MSFT-02C-CM 1 MSBox
Ф22.2 8.0m Copper Pipe
Ф15.9 18.5m Copper Pipe
Ф9.53 11.5m Copper Pipe
Ф12.7 11.0m Copper Pipe
Ф6.35 11.0m Copper Pipe
Ф9.52 3.0m Copper Pipe
Ф28.6 1.0m Copper Pipe
WR-12-CM 4 Wire Controller
WR-29-CM 1 Toch Key Wired
Controller
WCRF-10-CM 1 Weekly Timer
Central
Controll
er
3.2
Specifications
Roo Descrip Model RT AT RT AT Air Sou Dimensi Weig Static Power Rated
m tion C C H H Flow nd on ht Press Supply Load
ur e Amper
Kw Kw kW Kw m^3 dBA Mm kg e s
/ h Pa
IU-1 Indoor 40VT00 2.8 2.7 3.2 4.0 550 29 1272*5 33 N/A 220- N/A
Unit 9H1020 92 15 92*323 240,50,
0010 1

IU-2 Indoor 40VX01 4.5 4.4 5 6.2 610 42 630*26 19 N/A 220- N/A
Unit 8H1120 84 63 5*575 240,50,
0010 1

IU-3 Indoor 40VX01 4.5 4.4 5 6.2 610 42 630*26 19 N/A 220- N/A
Unit 8H1120 83 58 5*575 240,50,
0010 1

IU-5 Indoor 40VX01 4.5 4.4 5 6.2 610 42 630*26 19 N/A 220- N/A
Unit 8H1120 83 58 5*575 240,50,
0010 1

IU-5 Indoor 40VK02 7.1 7.0 8 10. 1220 39 840*23 26.2 N/A 220- N/A
Unit 8H1120 73 01 0*840 240,50,
0010 3 1

Out Outdoo 38VF01 23. 23. 26. 32. 1500 60 1250×1 303 N/A 380- N/A
do r Unit 4T1190 4 4 2 8 0 615×76 415-3-
o r 10 5 50

(C)Water inlet temperature:35.0 (H)Water inlet temperature:20.0 RTC: Required total cooling
capacityATC:

Available total cooling capacity RTH: Required total heating capacity ATH: Available total heating
capacITY
3.3 Pipe And Refrigerant
Distributors
IU quantity 5/23
Combination Ratio 58.50%
Additional Refrigerant 1.744kg
Total pipe length 30m/1000m
Furthest Actual 12m/175m
Furthest equivalent 12.5m/200m
Drop height between IU and 0m/30m
IU
Drop height between IU and 0m/70m
OU
Available Capacity Cooling 23.4 kW
Available Capacity Heating 32.8 kW
1 branch 0.5m Copper pipe.

Pip
e
No Length Gas Pipe Liquid Pipe
(1) 3.0m Ф22.2,Ф22.2 Ф15.9
(2) 3.0m Ф15.9 Ф9.53
(3) 6.0m Ф15.9 Ф9.53
(4) 3.0m Ф12.7 Ф6.35
(5) 2.0m Ф12.7 Ф6.35
(6) 3.0m Ф12.7 Ф6.35
(7) 2.5m Ф15.9 Ф9.53
(8) 3.0m Ф12.7 Ф6.35
(9) 3.0m Ф15.9 Ф9.52

Distributor

No Load Kw Model
(1) 14.4 BJF-224-CM(i)
(2) 9 BJF-224-CM(i)
(3) 11.6 BJF-224-CM(i)

MSBo
x
No Load Kw Model
1) 23.4 MSFT-02C-CM
Carrier X-POWER
23.4 kW

38VF014T119010

MSFT-02C-CM
(1) 2.792 kW
Ф22.2,Ф22.2,Ф15.9 (1) Ф15.9,Ф9.53 Ф12.7,Ф6.35 40VT009H10200010
IU-1
BJF-224-
CM(i)
(3) 4.483 kW
Ф15.9,Ф9.5 Ф12.7,Ф6.35 40VX018H11200010
3 IU-5
BJF-224-
CM(i)
7.073 kW
Ф15.9,Ф9.5 40VK028H1120001
2 0 IU-5

(2) 4.484 kW
Ф15.9,Ф9.53 Ф12.7,Ф6.35 40VX018H11200010
IU-2
BJF-224-
CM(i)
4.483 kW
Ф12.7,Ф6.3 40VX018H11200010
5 IU-3
26
N o t e : 0 . 7 5 m m ^ 2 * 3 is for less t h a n 2 0 0 m of wiring l e n g t h .

OU-1

PQE 0.75mm2*3 PQE 0.75mm2*3 WR-12-CM

I U -5

PQE 0.75mm2*3 WR-12-CM

I U -5

PQE 0.75mm2*3 WR-12-CM

I U -1

PQE 0.75mm2*3
I U -3

PQE 0.75mm2*3 WR-12-CM

I U -2

27
 OBSERVATION AND
CONCLUSION
 The Model and Size of the Outdoor Unit ,Pipe Sizing from outdoor Unit
to Branch Selector or Indoor Unit ,Pipe Lengths for each section,
Model numbers of all “Y”- Branch Fittings and where they are located
,Model of all Branch Selector Boxes,
Pipe Sizing from Branch Selector Boxes to Indoor unit, Pipe Lengths
for each section, Model of all Indoor Units and its Cooling & Heating
Capacity is determined.

 After estimating the above things a final drawing is printed out.

28