Submitted to-Anmol

Saini
Submitted by-Rajat
Sahdev
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This research was supported/partially supported by GNA

University. We thank our colleagues from GNA University who
provided insight and expertise that greatly assisted the research,
although they may not agree with all of the
interpretations/conclusions of this paper.

We would also like to show our gratitude to the GNA University

for sharing their pearls of wisdom with us during the course of
this research, and we thank 3 “anonymous” reviewers for their
so-called insights. We are also immensely grateful to Anmol Saini
for their comments on an earlier version of the manuscript,
although any errors are our own and should not tarnish the
reputations of these esteemed persons.
 MEANING OF
ANIMATION

Animation is a way of making a movie

 from many still images. The images are
put together one after another, and then
played at a fast speed to give the illusion
 of movement.
FATHER OF ANIMATION-J.
Stuart Blackton
James Stuart Blackton was born in Sheffield on 5 January
1875, but while a child left England for America. He
worked as a journalist and illustrator in New York, where
he interviewed Thomas Edison, who was impressed
enough with his drawings to make a cartoon film:
Blackton the Evening World Cartoonist (1896). Blackton
bought a Kinetoscope from Edison and went into
partnership with A.E. Smith, and later William T. Rock, to
form the Vitagraph Company. They opened a studio on
the roof of the Morse building at 140 Nassau St, New
York, and produced films in which they acted
themselves.
 WHEN ANIMATION IS STARTED?

The animation industry has grown to become an absolute behemoth in the

world of cinema. As of the last reliable estimates, which surfaced around
2008, the industry was reported to be worth a cool $68.4 billion alone, and
that was before the world had ever heard of a little movie called Frozen.

The First Ever Animation

 The First Animated Feature Film
The Rise of the Mouse House
A few more experimental animation techniques were developed over the next
decade (including methods like rotoscoping), which produced some hit-and-
miss results. It was the opening of a small studio in Los Angeles, however, that
changed the game forever.
 HOW WALT DISNEY START
ANIMATION?
Walt Disney began his career in animation with the Kansas City Film Ad Company in Missouri
 in 1920. In 1922 Disney and his friend Ub Iwerks, a gifted animator, founded the Laugh-O-
gram Films studio in Kansas City and began producing a series of cartoons based on fables
and fairy tales. Joining Disney and Iwerks in the enterprise were such noted animators as
Hugh Harman, Rudolf Ising, and Isadore (“Friz”) Freleng. In 1923 Disney produced the short
subject Alice in Cartoonland, a film combining both live action and animation that was
intended to be the pilot film in a series. Within weeks of its completion, Disney filed for
bankruptcy and left Kansas City to establish himself in Hollywood as a cinematographer. In
1927 Disney began his first series of fully animated films, featuring the character 
Oswald the Lucky Rabbit. When his distributor appropriated the rights to the character, Disney
altered Oswald’s appearance and created a new character that he named Mortimer Mouse; at
the urging of his wife, Disney rechristened him Mickey Mouse. The continuing success of the
studio emboldened Disney to make his riskiest move in 1934, when he began production on 
Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937). Although not the first feature-length animated
cartoon—that honour probably goes to Lotte Reiniger’s The Adventures of Prince
Achmed (1926)—it was the first to receive widespread release and publicity. As much of a
sensation as Steamboat Willie had been, Snow White revolutionized the industry and proved
animation’s effectiveness as a vehicle for feature-length stories. 
The First Computer-
Animated Feature Films
If the founding of Disney Studios is the biggest turning point in animation history
so far, Pixar’s release of Toy Story in 1995 could be deemed the second biggest.

While it’s amazing that Toy Story still looks incredible two decades later, it’s
undeniable that the CGI animations released since are following some kind of
Moore’s Law effect: every year the rate of technological increase is growing
exponentially, leading to mind-blowing results which are light-years ahead of
titles released just a couple of years ago.

AVATAR
1.Traditional animation
2.2D Vector-based animation
3.3D computer animation
4.Motion graphics
5.Stop motion
 TRADITIONAL ANIMATION

This animation type is a long-drawn process. Much time and energy are invested
for drawing each frame. For every movement like the flick of a finger or
demonstration of an emotion on the face, a number of frames is needed. In
animation movies of the past like Tom and Jerry, such tiresome work was
involved. Studios like Disney engaged ace animators who would draw each frame
with accuracy for producing stunning movies.
 2D ANIMATION

2D animation is vector-based just like traditional animation. The difference is that frames are
not drawn manually instead a computer program like Flash or Adobe Animate is used for
animating the fundamental frames. There is no need of individually drawing each frame. The
option of moving just a portion of the animated object or a definite section of a body exists.
The interim keyframes get aligned consequently and seamless motion is achieved.
  3D COMPUTER ANIMATION

The awesome graphics that you come across in sci-fi or modern movies are the handiwork of 3D
animation for which you need an advanced 3D modeling software. The artists also need to be
technically proficient in leveraging the various tools available. In this case, frames are not needed
for showcasing the movement. Instead, 3D objects are moved on-screen for simulating the real-
time motion.
 STOP MOTION/CLAY
MOTION
Stop motion is an animated filmmaking technique in which objects
are physically manipulated in small increments between
individually photographed frames so that they will appear to exhibit
independent motion when the series of frames is played back as a
fast sequence. Dolls with movable joints or clay figures are often
used in stop motion for their ease of repositioning. Stop-motion
animation using plasticine figures is called clay animation or "clay-
mation".
 MOTION GRAPHICS

The motion graphics animation type is radically different from other animated
means. Graphical elements are moved around. This method is commonly visible in
infotainment videos, film titles, animated logos, promotional campaigns, and
advertisements. In majority of cases, text fragments are used for creation of

animation .
PRINCIPLES
OF
ANIMATION

1. Squash and Stretch

2. Anticipation
3. Staging
4. Straight Ahead
Action and Pose-to-
Pose
5. Follow Through and
Overlapping Action
6. Ease In, Ease Out
7. Arcs
8. Secondary Action
9. Timing
10. Exaggeration
11. Solid Drawing
12. Appeal
ORIGIN OF
ANIMATION
Thaumatrope
The A thaumatrope is an optical toy that
originato was popular in the 19th century. A
disk with a picture on each side is
rs of attached to two pieces of string.
When the strings are twirled quickly
animatio between the fingers the two pictures

n are appear to blend into one due to the

persistence of vision.
nearly
all toys.
 ZOETROPE
FLIP BOOK
A zoetrope is one of several pre-film 
animation devices that produce the
illusion of motion by displaying a
sequence of drawings or A flip book or flick book is a book
photographs showing progressive with a series of pictures that vary
phases of that motion.  gradually from one page to the next,
so that when the pages are turned
rapidly, the pictures appear to
animate by simulating motion or
some other change.
 USES OF ANIMATION
1.EDUCATION
2.ENTERTAINMENT
3.GAMING
4.SIMULATIONS
5.SCIENTIFIC VISUALISATION
BEST 3D ANIMATION SOFTWARES
AUTODESK MAYA MIXAMO BLENDER
  WHY ANIMATION IS
IMPORTANT?
Animation is the only medium that can bring fantasies to life.

We all grew up with the legendary Mickey mouse, Donald duck,

Tom and Jerry, Scooby Dooby Doo and Pokemon. They have
connected with us very well and are ever imbibed in our
memories.

The reason why animation has deeply connected with us since

childhood is because it allows to depict unrealistic events easily
which our mind fails to touch.

Animation is an intuitive art form- just like a canvas painting. It is

a mix of imagination, creativity, meaning, colors and a story. In
fact, it is the only medium that has a dimension of storytelling in
it.

It depends on how the animator creates the visuals and tell a story
through it.
THANK YOU