SUBMITTED BY,

DHARINEE SAHU
ANARGHA EBIN DEVASSY
LOCATIO CLIMAT VEGETATIO
No Region in indian state of jammu o The weather of Ladakh remains
E a. ANAPHALIS TRIPLINERVIS
N
and chilly and cold for most time of oHerbaceous perennial plant
• Kashmir the year. oAttractive, but not brilliant display
o Extends from the kunlun Ladakh's climate is a little extreme – of bloom in late summer fall
mountain the summers can get a little harsh oHanging them in cool airy shaded
•Ranges, valleys complete the with direct sunlight falling at such place
a high altitude oFlower buds are eaten raw as
beauty
o winters can be really cold, salad
•Of ladakh
•O with temperatures dropping below
highest altitude plateau b. BERBERIS LYCEUM ROYLE
freezing point.
region o Used in food and in
•In india (much of it being over TEMPERATURE folk medicine
3,000 m) VARIATIONS SUMMER c. LACTUCA SATIVA
During day: 17-24 C During oAnnual plant
night: 4-11 C Winter oUsed for salad
during day: 7-9 C d. RUNEX PATIENTIA
During night: -14 - 0 C o Used in leather tanning
o Used to make mustard
color dye

Location of ladakh in Jammu and Kashmir

Vegetation, ladakh
Avg. temperature, Leh
 Cultural events at ladakh-
CULTUR TRADITION o Traditional dance
E o Monastic and other religious
S
o Famous for its rich cultural heritage and forms
festivals, which fall in winter, o Traditional folk music
Honesty. provide the excuse for convivial
o known as land of monks and monasteries gatherings.
o People of all the communities live here ino Summer pastimes all over the
peace, free from any prejudice region are archery and polo.
o Jabro, Shondol, Marriage Dance ando Among the Buddhists, these often
Kampa Sumsak are some of the well develop into open-air parties
known traditional dance. accompanied by dance and song,
o Zunglu, Tallu, Marriage songs and Alley at which 'Chang', the local brew
Yato are well known folk songs of made from fermented barley,
Ladakh. flows freely.
o The Buddhist influence on Ladakh o Staple food are sku and thukpa
culture started as early as the 7th century.

Hemis festival, Ladakh

OCCUPATION
o The economy of Ladakh is mainly
agricultural. Most of the people earn
their livelihood by growing
• barley, wheat and peas.
o Keeping livestock, especially yak,
cows,
• dzos, sheep and goats.
o the people of Ladakh are also
engaged in business, trading in
textiles, carpets, dyestuffs and
narcotics between Punjab and
Xinjiang, tourism industry and
government jobs.
Agriculture
Goat/sheep
herder
LIFE
STYLE
• oThe Ladakh people are
simple and cheerful and
they prefer to remain close
to the nature.
o The main culture of Ladakh
is Buddhism with other bit
part of religion of Hindu,
Muslims and Christians.
o Their clothes and
appearance are more alike
to the Asian and Tibetan
people.
o women works not only at
home but also works
outside the home and they
are free to interact with the
men outside their home.
Traditional dresses
"Goucha“ and "Kuntop"
DEMOGRAPHIC
o Leh, Ladakh population-
S
150,371
• o State- 13,338,542
o The major races found here are
the Tibetans, Mons and the
Dards.
o the predominant religions in
the region are Buddhism,
Christianity and Islam.
o The Buddhists and Muslims
comprise the majority,
concentrated in the north and
east and to the south
respectively
o the Christians form a smaller
minority.
URBAN
PLANNING
• The
Old Lehold town is located on the
s outhern slope of the mountain
terrain allowing the settlement
to face the Sun.
o The newer parts are extending
in the plans in the south west
direction
o The highest point of the leh
town is occupied by the Tsemo
Gompa followed down the
slope by leh palace and then
the houses of nobals
o The lower part of the
settlement is occupied by
commoners and then trhe main
bazar.
South slope Leh, ladakh
ARCHITECTURE SPATIAL
oLAYOUT
Mostly the building are 2 storied
o Large houses have courtyards while
small houses do not have
o the ground floor is usually a dwarf
storey for keeping livestock, storage
purposes and also to collect waste
o Upper storey is used for living purposes Ground floor plan
usually consists of prayer room, store,
toilet and a large room combining
function of drawing, kitchen, bedroom
o The timber post is characteristic of
architecture of ladakh
o The main living room has a large
window facing sun.
First floor plan
House in leh
 DESIGN CRITERIA AND FEATURES
OBJECTIVE
Resist heat loss
• Decrease exposed surface area
• Increase thermal resistance
• Increase thermal capacity(time lag)
• Increase buffer spaces
• Decrees air exchange rate
• Increase surface absorptivity
• Reduce shading
• Utilize heat from
appliances
• Trapping heat
Promote heat gain
PHYSICAL MANIFESTATION
o Orientation and shape of
building.
o Use of trees as wind barriers
o Roof insulation, wall
insulation
• and double glazing
o Thicker walls
o Air locks/lobbies o
Weather stripping o
Darker colors
o Walls and glass surfaces
o Sun spaces/green Double glazed glass
• houses/trombe walls etc.

Trombe wall Thermal insulation in trombe wall

 MATERIAL AND TECHNIQUES
o Primary building material is earth and timber
available locally which offer climatic comfort in
wide diurnal range of Ladakh
o Quartzite stone is used only in the partial
construction of forts and palaces especially the
lower storeys to impart additional strength and
provide protection from water. Construction of roof
o Sundried earth blocks(alluvial soil) are the primary
• unit of masonry construction.
o Roofs are constructed in flat spans by using trunk
of the local poplar tree as beams placed about 50-
60cm apart. The diameter of the trunks is 15cm
o A 15 to 20cm layer of drygrass, hay etc. is spread
over the layer of willows and finally finished with mud bricks
plaster of clayeymud
o Floors of lower storey on the ground are made of
• mud while the upper storey in timber
o The lintels of the doors and windows are corbelled
features with ornamentation.
o The sills and jambs are articulated by
• the plaster band often coloured in Red or Black. T
hese timber lintels and plaster bands are the
distinguishable features of the Ladakhi Mud plaster to improve
Architecture Timber lintel insulation
Resist heat loss
Decrease exposed surface area
Increase thermal resistance
Increase thermal capacity (Time
lag)
Increase buffer spaces Decrease
air exchange rate Increase surface
absorptivity
Promote heat gain
Reduce shading
Utilize heat from appliances
Trapping heat
Orientation and shape of building.
Use of trees as wind barriers
Roof insulation, wall insulation and
double glazing
Thicker walls
Air locks/ Lobbies Weather stripping
Darker colors
Walls and glass surfaces
Sun spaces/ green houses/ Trombe
walls etc
 TREES –wind barrier

Roof & wall

insulation

Thick walls

Heavy walls
(mud) and a well insulated roof (timber & mud) dampen the variations of
indoor temperatures.
Use of glass and trombe wall – heat is stored in the building mass
during
the day and warm during the night
• One makes the walls for the first floor, piling up stone and sun-dried
brick,
• and then places wooden beams and floor joists across the walls to
support the second
floor walls above them,
• and repeatedly adds more wooden beams across them.
• Floors and roofs are made of mud treaded on wooden boards.
• Roofs are basically flat, being unnecessary to waterproof, since it
scarcely ever rains.
• Columns are needed midway across larger spans
• First floor - used for stables
• Second floor – for family rooms, such as a sitting room, a
kitchen, bedrooms, and a Buddhist altar room
• A larger house often consists of three floors.
Porc
Kitche
Dinin
g
Bedroo
m