12 Tenses

In English
Grammar
English tenses can be helpful in learning
English language from the scratch. There are
three main types of tenses which give an idea
of the time when the incident mentioned in a
statement takes place.

English teacher:
Uuganbayar Batbold
 PRESENT TENSE
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
Structure: S+base verb (+ s/es for third person)+O+AM:
Example: 1) I play game every day. 2) He studies in school.
Negative: S+do/does+not+base verb+Object+AM.
Ex: 1)I don’t play game every day. 2) He doesn’t study in school.
Question: Do/Does+S+base verb+Object+AM?
Ex: 1)Do you play game every day? 2) Does he study in school?
PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE
Structure: S+ is/am/are + present participle(V+ing)+O+AM:
Example: 1) I am playing game. 2) He is studying in college.
Negative: S+is/am/are+not+present participle(V+ing)+O+AM.
Ex:1) I’m not playing game. 2) He isn’t studying in college.
Question: Is/Am/Are+S+present participle(V+ing)+O+AM?
Ex:1) Are you playing game now? 2) Is he studying in college?
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
Structure: S+ has/have + past participle(Vpp2)+O+AM:
Example: I have finished doing my home work. She has been to America many
times.
Negative: S+have/has+not+Vpp2+O+AM:
Ex: I haven’t finished doing my homework yet. She hasn’t been to America yet.
Question: Have/Has+S+Vpp2+O+AM?
Ex: Have you finished doing your homework? Has she ever been to America?
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
Structure: S+ has/have + been + present participle(V+ing)+O+AM:
Ex: 1) I’ve been doing my home work. 2) He’s been studying in school since 2002.
Negative: S+ has/have+not + been + present participle(V+ing)+O+AM:
Ex: 1) I haven’t been doing my home work. 2) He hasn’t been studying in school
since 2002.
Question: Have/Has+S+been+present participle(V+ing)+O+AM:
Ex: 1)Have you been doing your homework? 2) Has he been studying in school since
2002?
 PAST TENSE
SIMPLE PAST TENSE
Structure: S+ verb+ed or irregular verb+O+AM:
Example: 1) You played the game. 2) He read the newspaper.
Negative: S+did+not(didn’t)+base verb+O+AM:
Ex: 1) You didn’t play the game. 2) He didn’t read the newspaper.
Question: Did+S+base verb+O+AM?
Ex: 1) Did you play the game? 2) Did he read the newspaper?
PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE
Structure: S+was/were + present participle(V+ing)+O+AM:
Example: 1) I was reading the newspaper. 2) He was going to Karate Club at that
time.
Negative: S+was/were+not + present participle(V+ing)+O+AM:
•I wasn’t reading the newspaper. 2) He wasn’t going to Karate Club at that time.
Question: Was/Were+S+present participle(V+ing)+O+AM?
1) Were you reading the newspaper? 2) Was he going to Karate Club at that time?
PAST PERFECT TENSE
Structure: S+had + past participle(Vpp2)+O+AM:
Example: 1) I had finished my homework. 2) He had gone to work before I woke up.
Negative: S+had+not + past participle(Vpp2)+O+AM:
Ex: 1) I hadn’t finished my homework. 2) He hadn’t gone to work before I woke up.
Question: Had+S+past participle(Vpp2)+O+AM?
Ex: 1) Had you finished your homework? 2) Had he gone to work before I woke up?
PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
Structure: S+ had + been + past participle(V+ing)+O+AM:
1) I had been studying my homework for 2 hours. 2) He had been playing
basketball.
Negative: S+ had+ not+been + past participle(V+ing)+O+AM:
1) I hadn’t been studying my homework for 2 hours. 2) He hadn’t been playing
basketball.
Question: Had+S+present participle(V+ing)+O+AM?
1) Had you been studying your homework for 2 hours. 2) Had he been playing
basketball.
 FUTURE TENSE
SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE
Structure: S+will/shall+base verb+O+AM:
Example: 1) I shall go to my hometown. 2) He will complete his task.
Negative: S+will+not(won’t)+base verb+O+AM:
Example: 1) I won’t go to my home town. 2) He won’t complete his task.
Question: Will/Shall+S+base verb+O+AM?
Ex: 1)Shall I go to my hometown? 2) Will he complete his task?
FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE
Structure: S+will be + present participle(V+ing)+O+AM:
Example: 1)I will be watching the news at 9pm. 2) He will be doing his job when you
come.
Negative:  S+will+not+ be(won’t be) + present participle(V+ing)+O+AM:
Ex: 1) I won’t be watching the news at 9pm. 2) He won’t be doing his job when you come.
Question: Will+S+be+present participle(V+ing)+O+AM?
Ex: 1) Will you be watching the news at 9pm? 2) Will he be doing his job when you come?

FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

Structure: S+will have + past participle(Vpp2)+O+AM.
Ex: 1)I will have played the game before you come. 2) He will have finished his school by
2020.
Negative: S+will+not(won’t)+ have + past participle(Vpp2)+O+AM.
1)I won’t have played the game before you come. 2)He won’t have finished his school by
2020.
Question: Will+S+have+past participle(Vpp2)+O+AM?
Ex:1)Will you have played the game before I come. 2)Will he have finished his school by
2020.
FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
Structure: S+will+have+been + present participle(V+ing)+O+AM:
Example: I will have been watching the news for over ten minutes before you join me.
Negative:  S+will+not(won’t)+have+been + present participle(V+ing)+O+AM:
Example: I won’t have been watching the news for over ten minutes before you join me.
Question: Will+S+have+been + present participle(V+ing)+O+AM?
Example: Will you have been watching the news for over ten minutes before I join you?
What will you have been doing before I join you?
 TENSES TABLE
PAST PRESENT FUTURE
Simple Past Simple Present Simple Future

The action that takes place once, never or several times

1 удаа, эсвэл хэд хэдэн удаа, эсвэл хэзээч тохиолдож байгаагүй үйл явдлыг заадаг.

He will / is going to play the game

He played a game every Sunday. He plays a game every Sunday. every Sunday.

Actions that happen one after another

Дарааллан тохиолдсон үйл явдлыг зааж болдог.

He played a game and then he He plays football and then he He will play football and then he
took a bath. takes a bath. will take a bath.

State
Төлөв байдлыг заадаг.

He loved yoga. He loves yoga. He will love yoga.

Past Continuous/ Present Continuous/ Future Continuous/ Future

Past Progressive Present Progressive Progressive

Action going on at that moment

Тухайн үед тохиолдож буй үйл явдлыг заадаг.

He was playing a game. He is playing a game. He will be playing a game.

Actions that are taking place at the same time

Зэрэгцэн тохиолдож буй үйл явдлыг заадаг.

He was playing a game and she He is playing a game and she is He will be playing a game and she
was watching TV. watching TV. will be watching TV.

Past Perfect Simple Present Perfect Simple Future Perfect Simple

Action taking place before a certain moment in time; shows completion/result

Ямар нэг цаг хугацаанаас өмнө дуусах үйл явдлыг зааж, үр дүнг илэрхийлдэг.

He had won two matches until He will have won two matches by
that day. He has won two matches so far. then.

Past Perfect Continuous Present Perfect Continuous Future Perfect Continuous

Action taking place before a certain moment in time and beyond that time, emphasizes on the duration
Тодорхой хугацааны турш үргэлжилж байгаад дууссан,үргэлжилсээр
байгаа, эсвэл цаашид үргэлжлжлэх үйл явдлыг заадаг.

He had been playing a game for He has been playing a game for He will have been playing a game
ten years. ten years. for ten years.
WISH YOU ALL THE BEST!