New unit

Solids, liquids and gases

First lesson

Density
Q) Which weighs more:-
A kilogram of feathers or a kilogram of iron?

DENSITY

Objective: To describe how to determine density

using direct measurements of mass and volume
 What is Density?
If you take the same volume of different substances,
then they will weigh different amounts.

Wood Water Iron

1 cm3 1 cm3 1 cm3

0.50 g 1.00 g 8.00 g

Q) Which has the greatest mass and therefore the most dense?

Density is the Mass per unit Volume

 Density Equation:
g or kg

Density = Mass
m
Volume
g/cm3 or kg/m3

V
cm3 or m3

= m Example:

V Q) Liquid water has a density of

1.0g/cm3, while ice has density of
0.92g/cm3.
Vwater = m = 250 = 250cm3
Calculate the volume occupied by
 1.0
250g of each.
Vice = m = 250 = 272cm3
 0.92
 DENSITY OF A REGULAR SOLID

m = 240 g
• Find the Mass of
the solid on a
2.0 cm balance.
• Measure the
three lengths and
calculate the
3.0 cm
Volume.
(ie V = l x w x h )
• Calculate the
4.0 cm
Density.
 = m = 240 =10.0 g/cm3
V 24
DENSITY OF AN IRREGULAR
SOLID
• Find the Mass
of the solid on
a balance.
• Find the
Volume.
• Calculate the
Density.
Archimedes and the Crown

                                                                                           

Archimedes was a great scientist who lived more than 2000 years ago in a Greek
city called Syracuse. He was very clever at inventing and figuring out how things
work, so King Hiero needed his help many times.
 Density of gold 20 g/cm3 Density of silver 10 g/cm3
1cm3 of gold has a mass of 20 g 1cm3 of silver has a mass of 10 g

For the same volume, gold has more mass Silver has to have a bigger
volume to have an equal
mass to gold

The actual volume of the crown

was 150cm3 instead of 100cm3.
The mass of the crown was 2000g. It
Was it pure gold ??
should have a volume of 100cm3
 DENSITY OF AN IRREGULAR
SOLID
use a Eureka Can to find the Volume.
 Find the mass of the solid on
m = 440 g
a balance.
Add water until just

overflowing.
 Place a Measuring Cylinder

under the spout.

 Add the Object.
40.0 cm3
 Collect the Water and read off

the Volume.
 = m = 440 =11.0 g/cm3
V 40 Calculate Density
 Carry out an experiment to measure the density of
two regular and two irregular objects

Regular Material Mass Length Width Height Volume Density

objects in g in cm in cm in cm in cm3 in g/cm3

Material Volume Density

Irregular
in cm3 in g/cm3
objects
Quiz
Which block X or Y has the greater mass?

5400 kg
7800 kg
2m3
1m3

X Y

X
Which block X or Y has the greater volume?

5400 kg
7800 kg
2m3
1m3

X Y

Y
Which block X or Y has the greater density?

5400 kg
7800 kg
2m3
1m3

X Y

X
Density of Petrol = 800kg/m3
Density of water = 1000 kg/m3

Which has more mass 1m3 of petrol of 1m3 of

water?

1m3 of water
Density of Petrol = 800kg/m3
Density of water = 1000 kg/m3

Which has more volume (takes up more space)

1kg of petrol of 1kg of water?

1kg of petrol
Last q

The density of Aluminium is 2700kg/m3. what is

the mass of 10m3 of Aluminium?

= m
V

Mass = 2700 x 10
= 27000 kg
 DENSITY
Objective: To describe how to determine density
using direct measurements of mass and volume.

Homework: Read pages 10-11 in the textbook and answer the questions