Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Chapter 01
Role of Services in an Economy
James Fitzsimmons
Seay Professor of Business Emeritus
University of Texas at Austin
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Service Management: Operations, Strategy, and
Information Technology, 6e Copyright © 2008 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Learning Objectives
Identify traits that all services have in common.
Discuss the central role of services in an economy.
Identify and differentiate the five stages of economic
activity.
Describe the features of preindustrial, industrial, and
postindustrial societies.
Describe the features of the new service economy.
Contrast the push vs. pull theories of innovation.
Identify the sources of service sector growth.
1-2
Service Definitions
Services are deeds, processes, and
performances.
Valarie Zeithaml & Mary Jo Bitner
1-3
Definition of Service Firms
Service enterprises are organizations
that facilitate the production and
distribution of goods, support other
firms in meeting their goals, and add
value to our personal lives.
James Fitzsimmons
1-4
Role of Services in an Economy
PERSONAL SERVICES
MANUFACTURING · Healthcare
Services inside company: · Restaurants
· Finance DISTRIBUTION · Hotels
· Accounting SERVICES
· Legal · Wholesaling
· R&D and design · Retailing
· Repairing CONSUMER
(Self-service)
BUSINESS SERVICES
· Consulting GOVERNMENT SERVICES
· Auditing · Military
· Advertising · Education
· Waste disposal · Judicial
· Police and fire protection
1-5
Percent Employment in Services
Top Ten Postindustrial Nations
Country 1965 1975 1985 1995 2005
United States 59.5 66.4 70.0 74.1 78.6
United Kingdom 51.3 58.3 64.1 71.4 77.0
1-6
Proportation of total employement
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1850
Sector
1860
1870
1880
1890
1900
1910
1920
Year
1930
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
Trends in U.S. Employment by
Service
Agriculture
Manufacturing
1-7
Distribution of GDP in the US Economy
Product Services
A B
Information
10% 53% 63%
C D
16% 84%
1-8
Stages of Economic
Development
Pre- Use of Standard
dominant Human Unit of of Living
Society Game Activity Labor Social Life Measure Structure Technology
1-9
Economic Evolution
1-10
The Four Realms of an Experience
Customer Participation
Passive Active
1-11
Experience Design Principles
Theme the Experience (Forum shops)
Harmonize Impressions with Positive Cues
(O’Hare airport parking garage)
Eliminate Negative Cues
(Cinemark talking trash containers)
Mix in Memorabilia (Hard Rock T-shirts)
Engage all Five Senses (Mist in Rainforest)
1-12
Source of Service Sector Growth
1-13
Typology of Services in the 21st Century
1-14
Discussion Topics
Illustrate how the type of work he or
she does influences a person’s lifestyle.
For example, contrast a farmer, a
factory worker, and a school teacher.
Is it possible for an economy to be
based entirely on services?
What is the value of self-service in an
economy?
1-15
Interactive Class Exercise
The class breaks into small groups.
Each group identifies service firms that
should be listed in the top Fortune 100
and places them in rank order of
estimated annual revenue.
http://www.fortune.com/lists/F500/index.html
1-16