BIOL 2054

Week 10
Ex. 9 – Photosynthesis
Ex. 10 – Cell Respiration
Data 30 – Pollinators
Data 31 – Delphia Study
Photosynthesi
s (Ex. 9)
• Bacteria
• Protists
• Plants
• Leaf
• Chloroplast
 Chloroplast
• Plant leaf
 Photosynthesis
• Light-dependent rcn
• Light-independent rcn
• Calvin Cycle

Light +
Light-Dependent Reaction
• Thylakoid membrane
• Sunlight  Adenosine
triphosphate (ATP)
Light-Independent
Reaction
• Stroma
• CO2  Sugar
• Short term
• Glucose (C6H12O6)
• Long term
• Starch
 Photosynthesis Rate
• Efficiency
• Bromothymol blue (BTB) color changes
• pH changes due to carbonic acid
• CO2
 Photosynthesis Rate
• ↑ CO2 in water  __ CO2 taken up by plant

Light +
 Photosynthesis Rate
• ↑ CO2 in water  ↓ CO2 taken up by plant

Light +
 Photosynthesis Rate
• ↑ CO2 in water  ↓ CO2 taken up by plant  __ rate of
photosynthesis

Light +
 Photosynthesis Rate
• ↑ CO2 in water  ↓ CO2 taken up by plant  ↓ rate of
photosynthesis

Light +
 Photosynthesis Rate
• ↑ CO2 in water  ↓ CO2 taken up by plant  ↓ rate of
photosynthesis  __ pH
 Photosynthesis Rate
• ↑ CO2 in water  ↓ CO2 taken up by plant  ↓ rate of
photosynthesis  ↓ pH
 Photosynthesis Rate
• ↑ CO2 in water  ↓ CO2 taken up by plant  ↓ rate of
photosynthesis  ↓ pH  acidic
 Bromothymol Blue (BTB)
• Yellow
• Acid
• Green
• Neutral
• Blue
• Base
 Bromothymol Blue (BTB)
• Yellow
• Acid
• __ pH
• Green
• Neutral
• __ pH
• Blue
• Base
• __ pH
 Bromothymol Blue (BTB)
• Yellow
• Acid
• < 7 pH
• Green
• Neutral
• 7 pH
• Blue
• Base
• > 7 pH
 Bromothymol Blue (BTB)
• Yellow
• Acid
• < 7 pH
• __ carbonic acid
• Blue
• Base
• > 7 pH
• __ carbonic acid
 Bromothymol Blue (BTB)
• Yellow
• Acid
• < 7 pH
• ↑ carbonic acid
• Blue
• Base
• > 7 pH
• ↓ carbonic acid
 Bromothymol Blue (BTB)
• Yellow
• Acid
• < 7 pH
• ↑ carbonic acid
• __ CO2 uptake
• Blue
• Base
• > 7 pH
• ↓ carbonic acid
• __ CO2 uptake
 Bromothymol Blue (BTB)
• Yellow
• Acid
• < 7 pH
• ↑ carbonic acid
• ↓ CO2 uptake
• Blue
• Base
• > 7 pH
• ↓ carbonic acid
• ↑ CO2 uptake
 BTB & Photosynthesis
• Yellow
• Acid
• < 7 pH
• ↑ carbonic acid
• ↓ CO2 uptake
• __ photosynthesis rate
• Blue
• Base
• > 7 pH
• ↓ carbonic acid
• ↑ CO2 uptake
• __ photosynthesis rate
 BTB & Photosynthesis
• Yellow
• Acid
• < 7 pH
• ↑ carbonic acid
• ↓ CO2 uptake
• ↓ photosynthesis rate
• Blue
• Base
• > 7 pH
• ↓ carbonic acid
• ↑ CO2 uptake
• ↑ photosynthesis rate
 BTB & Cell Respiration
• Yellow
• Acid
• < 7 pH
• ↑ carbonic acid
• ↓ CO2 uptake
• __ cell respiration
• Blue
• Base
• > 7 pH
• ↓ carbonic acid
• ↑ CO2 uptake
• __ cell respiration
 BTB & Cell Respiration
• Yellow
• Acid
• < 7 pH
• ↑ carbonic acid
• ↓ CO2 uptake
• ↑ cell respiration
• Blue
• Base
• > 7 pH
• ↓ carbonic acid
• ↑ CO2 uptake
• ↓ cell respiration
 Experimentation
Cell Type Light BTB color BTB color Inference
condition start finish
Plant Dark Yellow Yellow
Plant Dark Yellow Blue
Plant Light Yellow Yellow
Plant Light Yellow Blue
Animal Dark Blue Yellow
Animal Dark Blue Blue
Animal Light Blue Yellow
Animal Light Blue Blue
 Experimentation
Cell Type Light BTB color BTB color Inference
condition start finish
Plant & Animal Dark Yellow Yellow
Plant & Animal Dark Yellow Blue
Plant & Animal Light Yellow Yellow
Plant & Animal Light Yellow Blue
Plant & Animal Dark Blue Yellow
Plant & Animal Dark Blue Blue
Plant & Animal Light Blue Yellow
Plant & Animal Light Blue Blue
 Photosynthesis Rate
• O2 in water  __ bubbles
 Photosynthesis Rate
• O2 in water  ↑ bubbles
 Photosynthesis Rate
• O2 in water  ↑ bubbles  __
photosynthesis rate
 Photosynthesis Rate
• O2 in water  ↑ bubbles  ↑
photosynthesis rate
 Cell Respiration (Ex. 10)
• All eukaryotes
• Mitochondria
Aerobic Respiration
1. Glycolysis
• Cell cytoplasm
2. Pyruvate breakdown
• Matrix
3. Krebs Cycle
• Matrix
4. Electron Transport Chain
(ETC)
• Most ATP
• Inner membrane
Anaerobic Respiration
1. Glycolysis
2. Fermentation
• Yeast
• Alcohol (Ethanol)
• Muscles
• Lactic acid
Metabolic Activity in Seeds
• Use CO2 probe to measure CO2 output from
1. Germinating seeds
2. Boiled seeds
Metabolic Activity in Seeds
• Use CO2 probe to measure CO2 output from
1. Germinating seeds
2. Boiled seeds
• ↑ CO2  __ cell metabolism rate
Metabolic Activity in Seeds
• Use CO2 probe to measure CO2 output from
1. Germinating seeds
2. Boiled seeds
• ↑ CO2  ↑ cell metabolism rate
DAW #30 Pollinators
DAW #31 Delphia Study
 Assignments
• Today
• See handout
• Ex. 9 – Omit 9.2, 9.3
• Ex. 10 – Omit 10.2
• Next Lab
• Pre-lab reading, questions, labeling for Ex. 23, 24
• Data Analysis Workbook 32, 34
• Quiz 7
• Post-lab Ex. 9, 10
• Pre-lab Ex. 23, 24