Embryogenesis of the brain.

General
anatomy of the brain. The base of the
brain
Development of the brain
 The developing of the brain
Anterior part of neural tube becomes brain
Primary vesicles of brain:
• 1.Prosencephalon(forbrain)
• 2.Mesencephalon (midbrain)
• 3.Rhormbencephalon(hindbrain)

• After prosencephalon(forbrain) divide for two parts

telencephalon &diencephalon
• After rhormbencephalon(hindbrain) divide for two parts
metencephalon &mylencephalon
1. Telencephalon becomes cerebrum
2. Diencephalon becomes interbrain
3. Mesencephalon becomes midbrain
4. Metencephalon becomes pons and
cerebellum
5. Mylencephalon becomes medulla oblangata
General anatomy of the brain
Parts of the brain
 The base of the brain
The inferior surface of the brain is called base of the brain
Olfactory bulb-inferior surface of the frontal lobes of the hemisphers
Olfactory tract each terminating as two roots between which is the olfactory pyramid
Anterior perforated substance- immediately to the back of the pyramid
Optic chiasma -in the middle between both anterior perforated substance
Tuber cinereum- to the back of the chiasma
Infundibulum -its apex tapers to form a narrow
Hypophysis -is situated in the hypophyseal fossa of the Turkish saddle
Mammillary bodies –posterior to the tuber cinereum
Interpeduncular fossa between cerebral peduncles
Posterior perforated substance -floor of the fossa
Pons is situated behind the cerebral peduncles
Middle cerebellar peduncles
Medulla oblongata- to the back of the pons
12 pairs of the roots of the cranial nerves
The base of the brain
 Rhinencephalon
• Smell brain or olfactory brain consist:
• Olfactory bulb
• Olfactory tract
• Anterior olfactory nucleus
• Anterior perforated substance
• Medial olfactory stria
• Lateral olfactory stria
• Parts of the amygdala
• Prepyriform area