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Industrial Hazard (DM)
Industrial Hazard (DM)
HAZARDS
DISASTER MANAGEMENT
SUBMITTED TO – SUBMITTED BY –
AR. ASHUTOSH KUMAR TAHREEN FATIMA (B.ARCH/15017/16)
SNEHA (B.ARCH/15019/16)
INTRODUCTION :
“IN EVERY TWENTY SECONDS OF EVERY WORKING MINUTE OF EVERY HOUR THROUGHOUT THE WORLD,
SOMEONE DIES AS A RESULT OF AN INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENT. INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS CAUSE LOSSES TO THE
HUMAN CAPITAL.”
3.) OTHER CAUSES :
THESE CAUSES ARISE OUT OF UNSAFE SITUATIONS AND CLIMATIC
CONDITIONS. THESE MAY INCLUDE EXCESSIVE NOISE, VERY HIGH
TEMPERATURE, HUMID CONDITIONS, BAD WORKING CONDITIONS,
UNHEALTHY ENVIRONMENT, SLIPPERY FLOORS, EXCESSIVE GLARE
AND DUST AND FUME.
MOSTLY AFFECTED REGIONS :
THE REGIONS WHICH HAVE MORE INDUSTRIES ARE MORE PRONE TO INDUSTRIAL HAZARDS.
INDUSTRIAL DISTRICTS:
1. KANPUR 10. GORAKHPUR
2. HYDERABAD 11. ALIGARH
3. AGRA 12. KOTA
4. NAGPUR 13. PUNIMA
5. GWALIOR 14. JABALPUR
6. BHOPAL 15. BAREILLY
7. LUCKNOW
8. JALPAIGURI
9. CUTTACK
DIFFERENT
HAZARDS WHICH
OCCURS IN
DIFFERENT
INDUSTRIES :
WHO IS
RESPONSIBLE ?
1. GOVERNMENT
2. CORPOTATION / PRIVATE OWNER
3. VICTIMS
BHOPAL GAS TRAGEDY :
DATE : 2ND DECEMBER – 3RD DECEMBER [1984]
LOCATION : BHOPAL, MADHYA PRADESH,
INDIA
ALSO KNOWN AS : BHOPAL TRAGEDY
CAUSE : METHYL ISOCYANATE LEAK FROM
UNION CARBIDE INDIA LIMITED PLANT
DEATH : AT LEAST 3,787 ; OVER : 16,000
CLAIMED
NON-FATAL INJURIES : AT LEAST 5,58,125
OF FIRE
(X) SAFETY OF BUILDINGS AND MACHINERY
(XI) PERMISSIBLE LIMITS OF EXPOSURE OF CHEMICAL AND TOXIC SUBSTANCES
RISK CALCULATION :
R = (P) x (S)
R = RISK
P = PROBABILITY OF OCCURRENCE
S = SEVERITY OF EFFECT (CONSEQUENCE)
ROLE OF ARCHITECT :
IT CAN ALSO BE REDUCED BY USING FIRE-RESISTANT MATERIALS, BUILDING FIRE BARRIERS OR
INSTALLING DEVICES TO EXTRACT SMOKE, IMPROVING DETECTORS AND WARNING SYSTEMS,
ENGAGING IN PREPAREDNESS PLANNING BY IMPROVING FIRE FIGHTING AND POLLUTION DISPERSAL
CAPABILITIES, AND EMERGENCY RELIEF AND EVACUATION PLANNING FOR PLANT EMPLOYEES AND
NEARBY SETTLEMENTS (CREW AND PASSENGERS IN THE CASE OF VEHICLES). IN ADDITION, ON-SITE
AND OFF-SITE SAFETY PLANS SHOULD BE INITIATED AND DRILLS SHOULD BE CONDUCTED IN
CONJUNCTION WITH LOCAL FIRE DEPARTMENTS AND OTHER CIVIL AUTHORITIES.
DEVELOP EVACUATION PLANS TO BE FOLLOWED IN THE EVENT OF A TECHNOLOGICAL DISASTER AS
WELL AS REGULATE HAZARDOUS-MATERIALS TRANSPORT ROUTES AWAY FROM SCHOOLS AND
RESIDENTIAL AREAS.
DENSELY POPULATED RESIDENTIAL AREAS SHOULD BE SEPARATED FAR AWAY FROM THE INDUSTRIAL
AREAS.
ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY :
TECHNOLOGICAL HAZARDS CAN BE REDUCED BY IMPROVING SAFETY STANDARDS IN PLANT AND
EQUIPMENT DESIGN, OPERATING PROCEDURES, SAFE AND REGULATED DISPOSAL OF HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS, AND THROUGH PROPER PREPAREDNESS PLANNING.
IN ADDITION, STEPS TAKEN TO LIMIT OR REDUCE THE STORAGE CAPACITY OF DANGEROUS OR
FLAMMABLE CHEMICALS WILL REDUCE THE PROBABILITY OF OCCURRENCE OF A TECHNOLOGICAL
DISASTER.
PEOPLE STAYING IN THE VICINITY OF INDUSTRIES SHOULD BE AWARE OF THE STORAGE OF TOXINS OR
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES AND THEIR POSSIBLE EFFECTS IN CASE IF AN ACCIDENT OCCURS.
HOW TO CONTROL :
THE WORKERS SHOULD BE GIVEN TRAINING REGARDING SAFETY MEASURES.
THEY SHOULD KNOW THE HAZARDS OF THE MACHINES, THE AREAS OF
ACCIDENT PRONENESS AND THE GOOD WORKING POSSIBLE PRECAUTIONS IN
CASE OF SOME ACCIDENT.