TYPES OF MECHANICAL ACOUSTIC

QUIETING
PREVENTING CAVITATION
 When a machine is in contact with a fluid, it may
be susceptible to cavitation. The sounds of gas
bubbles imploding is the source of the noise.
Ships and submarines which
have screws that cavitate are more vulnerable to
detection by sonar.
 CAVITATION – is a symptom of insufficient
net positive suction head. It decreases an
application’s efficiency over time and puts
repeated stress on critical pump parts, shortening
their overall lifespan.
COMMON EXAMPLES
 The most common examples of this kind of wear
are to pump impellers, and bends where a
sudden change in the direction of liquid occurs.
 Also in : Control valves
 Spillways
 Engines
2 CLASSES OF BEHAVIOR
 Inertial (or transient) cavitation
 Non-inertial cavitation
INERTIAL CAVITATION
 Inertial cavitation is the process where a void or
bubble in a liquid rapidly collapses, producing
a shock wave.
NON-INERTIAL
 Non-inertial cavitation is the process in which a
bubble in a fluid is forced to oscillate in size or
shape due to some form of energy input, such as
an acoustic field.
Fig. 1 Pressure and flow diagram
PREVENTION

 You can prevent cavitation by:

• Keep the maximum available NPSH as high as possible.
• Keep the liquid temperature as low as possible.
• Use a pump of larger size and run it at lower speed.
• Specify the pump discharge head as near as possible to
actual operating conditions.
Fig. 2 Collapsing Bubble
REDUCTION OF RESONANCE
 Essentially any piece of metal or glass has certain
frequencies to which it is susceptible to resonate.
A machine that resonates would make a
tremendous noise. Resonance also occurs in
enclosures, such as when echoes reverberate in
an ocarina or the pipe of a pipe organ.
EXAMPLES OF RESONANCE
• Musical Instrument
• Making a child's swing, swing higher by pushing
it at each swing.
• A wineglass breaking when someone sings a loud
note at exactly the right pitch.
• Most clocks keep time by mechanical resonance
in a balance wheel, pendulum, or quartz crystal.
Fig. 3 Pendelum
 Resonance may cause violent swaying motions
and even catastrophic failure in improperly
constructed structures including bridges,
buildings and airplanes. This is a phenomenon
known as resonance disaster.
RESONANCE DISASTER
 Describes the destruction of a building or a
technical mechanism by induced vibrations at a
system's resonance frequency, which causes it
to oscillate.
Fig. 4 Tacoma Narrows Bridge
PREVENTION
 Avoiding resonance disasters is a major concern
in every building, tower and bridge construction.
As a counter measure, shock mounts can be
install to absorb resonant frequencies and thus
dissipate the absorbed energy.
SHOCK MOUNT
 Is a mechanical fastener that connects two parts
elastically.
Types of Shock Mount:
• Laminated Pads
• Molded Rubber isolation Mounts
• Cable Isolation mounts
• Coil spring Isolation mounts
ELECTRONIC QUIETING
 Noise Cancelling: If both the noise and the signal
are received by an electronic or digital medium,
noise can be filtered from the signal
electronically and retransmitted without the
noise. Helicopter pilots rely on this technology to
speak on the radio.
NOISE CANCELLING MICROPHONE
 A noise-canceling microphone is
a microphone that is designed to filter
ambient noise from the desired sound, which is
especially useful in noisy environments.
 Noise control is an active or passive means of
reducing sound emissions, often for personal comfort,
environmental considerations or legal compliance. 
• Active noise control is sound reduction using a power
source.
• Passive noise control is sound reduction by noise-
isolating materials such as insulation, sound-
absorbing tiles, or a muffler rather than a power
source.
 1. What is a symptom of insufficient net positive suction
head?
 2-3. 2 Classes of Behavior
 4-6. Examples OF RESONANCE
 7. Resonance may cause violent swaying motions and even
catastrophic failure This is a phenomenon known as?
 8. Noise control is sound reduction using a power source.
 9. noise control is sound reduction by noise-isolating
materials such as insulation, sound-absorbing tiles.
 10. Is a microphone that is designed to filter ambient noise.
 CAVITATION
 Inertial, Non-Inertial
 Musical Instrument, Making a child's swing, A
wineglass breaking , clocks
 resonance disaster.
 Active 
 Passive
 noise-canceling microphone