CHAPTER 7:

CHAPTER 7
CONTROL
7.1 Definition of Controlling
7.2 Controlling Process
7.3 Types of Control
7.4 Potential Barriers to Successful
Control
7.5 Making Controlling Success
 LEARNING OBJECTIVES
• After completing this chapter, students
should be able to:
Define controlling
Explain the controlling process
Identify the types of control
Discuss the potential barriers to
successful control
Describe on how to make controlling
successful
 DEFINITION

• Control
 making something happen the way it was
planned to happen.

• Controlling
 the process managers go through to control
 Cont’d…
• According to Roberto Mockler, controlling is a
systematic effort by business management to :
• Compare performance to predetermined
standards, plans or objectives

• To determine whether performance is in line

with these standards and presumably to take
any remedial action required

• To see that human and other corporate

resources are being used in the most effective
and efficient way possible in achieving
corporate objective
 Definition: Organizational Control
• The systematic process through which
managers regulate organizational activities to
make them consistent with the expectations
established in plans, and to help them achieve
all predetermined standards of performance.
• This definition implies that leaders must:
– Establish performance standards
– Develop mechanisms for gathering
performance information in order to assess
the degree to which standards are being met.
Process
of
Control
Setting Standards for Performance
Whenever possible, the standards should be
set in a manner that allows them to be
compared with actual performance.

Measuring Actual Performance

An organization must decide:-
•What to measure.
•When to measure.
•How frequently to measure.

Comparing Actual Performance with

Standards
This step involves determining if actual
performance compared to standards falls
within acceptable limits.

Responding to Deviations
•If the deviation from performance is
unacceptable, then corrective action is
warranted.
•If the deviation is acceptable, no correction
action is necessary.
Types of Control
 Types of Control
• There are 3 types of control and
what type is used is determined
primarily by the work phase in which
the control is needed.
3 Types of Control
 Types of Control

Multiple Focal Points

Most organizations use several control
systems focused on various phases of the
transformation process.
Potential Barriers To
Successful Control
Potential Barriers To
Successful Control
Criteria of Effective Control
Criteria for Effective Control