SCHOOL OF

MANAGEMENT
THOUGHT/
MANAGERIAL
THEORIES
 Classical School of Management

Concerns ways to manage

work and organizations more
efficiently.
 1. Frederick W. Taylor- known as the
“Father of Scientific Management”.
A. Scientific Taylor suggested that decisions based on
Management rules of thumb be replaced with precise
procedures developed after careful study
of individual.

The Systematic
study of work
methods in order
to improve
efficiency
2. Frank and Lillian Gilbreth- a
husband and wife team of
industrial engineers. They
produced significant contributions
in motion study and work
simplifications.
3. Henry Gannt- made
contributions towards work
scheduling and control. He tried to
improve systems or organizations
through task scheduling and
reward innovation.
 B. Administrative Management
1. Max Weber- main proponent 2. Henri Fayol- developed 14
bureaucracy. He believed that principles of management based
organizations should be managed on his management experiences.
impersonally and that a formal
organizational structure where
specific rules were followed was
important.
 Behavioral School of Management

 Focusedon trying to understand the factors that

affect human behavior at work.
A. Human Relations Approach
 the manager should possess skills for
diagnosing the causes of human
behavior at work, interpersonal
communication and motivating and
leading workers.
1. Mary Parker Follett- stressed the importance
of an organization establishing common
goals for it’s employees.
2. Chester Barnard- one of his contribution was
the concept of informal organization.
Another contribution was the acceptance
theory of authority, people have free will to
follow or not the management orders.
3. Elton Mayo- lightning levels and employee
productivity.
4. Abraham Maslow- developed the need
theories, a theory of motivation based upon
a consideration of human need.
 B. Behavioral Science
 it focused on conceptual and 1. Douglas McGregor- he
analytical tools to the problem of believed that two basic kinds of
understanding and predicting managers exist. The theory x
behavior in work place. manager, has negative view of
employees and the theory Y have a
high levels of motivation.
 Quantitative School of Management

 improving decisions making via the application of

quantitative techniques.
A. Management Science and MIS
 operation research, uses
mathematical and statistical
approaches to solve management
problems.
• George Dantzig- developed
linear programing, an algebraic
method to determine the optimal
allocation of scares resources.
 B. Production and Operations Management
emphasize productivity and
quality of both manufacturing and
service.
1. W. Edwards Deming- proponent
TQM (Total Quality Management)
employee involvement, customer
focus, benchmarking and
continuous improvement.
 System School of Management

 Focuses on the organization as a whole

1. Ludwig von Bertalanffy- believed that a general
systems model could be used to unite science.
• Open Versus closed Systems- closed
Here are the five components:
systems do not interact with their
 inputs- material or human resources environments while open system
 transformation- processes- technological and interact with their environment.
managerial processes
• Entropy-refers to the tendency to run
 Outputs- products or service
down and die.
 feedback- reactions from environment
• Synergy- the whole is greater than
the sum of its parts.
• Subsystems- a system with in a
system.