DESIGN OF SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT

BATCH NO:4
The bonafide work of
K.VENKATARAMANA 163E1A0113
A SANDEEP KUMAR 163E1A0101
P NAVEEN 163E1A0124
P SRIHARI. 163E1A0123
GUIDANCE BY: Mr. AZHAGU MUTHU (Asst.Prof.)
JAGAN’S COOLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
 ABSTRACT

• Growing Industrial need has made it necessary to go for

more industries.Far, In INDIA, stell has been comparatively
used lower than other building material for construction
purposes, when compared to other countries now that steel
isgoing to be a major construction building material for
construction purpose, we propose to do “DESIGN OF
SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT”.We selected the site near
“GUDUR” which will be very useful to the Industries.
 INTRODUCTION

Sewage:
• Sewerage is the art of Collecting, treating and finally
disposing of the sewage.
• The removal and disposal of sewage and surface water
by sewers
 Strom sewage:
• Storm sewage is a liquid flowing in sewer during or following a period of
rainfall and there from.
• A Partially Separate Sewer System is the sewerage system in which the
domestic sewage is carried with storm water in the rain season.
• Activated sludge is the active biological floc produced in active sludge plants,
largely composed of saprotrophic bacteria, protozoan flora (amoebae) and a
range of other filter feeding species.
• Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids (MLSS) is the amount of suspended solids
in the mix of raw water and activated sludge.
• Return active sludge (R.A.S) is the active sludge extracted from the system
and mixed with raw water to form the mixed liquor.
• Waste activated sludge (W.A.S.) or Surplus Activated Sludge
(S.A.S) is excess activated sludge that is extracted from the
system to be directed to sludge treatment.
• Sludge is the average residence time of biological solids in the
system. It can be defined as the average lifespan of bacteria
in the system.
• Overflow rate / Surface loading is the discharge per unit of
plan area. This parameter is the design factor in designing the
settling tanks.
• Food to Micro-organisms ratio (F/M ratio) is the ratio between
daily BOD load applied to Aerator System and total microbial
mass in the system.
 SEWAGE TREATMENT PROCESS

• Sewage treatment is the process of remaining contaminants

fromthewastewater household sewage, both runoff (effluents)
and domestic. It includes physical, chemical and biological
processes to remove physical, chemical and biological
contaminants. Its objective to produce is treated and its solid
waste or sludge suitable for discharge or reuse back into
environment. This material is often inadvertently contaminated
with many toxic organic and inorganic compounds.
• Sewerage implies the collecting of waste waters from into
the rom occupied areas and conveying them to some point
of disposal. The liquid waste will require treatment before
they are discharged water body otherwise disposed of
endangering the public health or causing offensive
conditions.
• As the cities have grown, the more primitive method of
excreta disposal have gain place to the water-carried
sewerage system. Even in the small cities the greater safety
of sewerage, its convenience, and freedom from nuisance
have caused it to adopted wherever finances permit.
• Human health and environment are mainly affected by direct
disposal of industrial and human effluents into the natural
resources without any treatment. The sewage treatment is
necessary to reduce the toxic level of sewage and maintain the
healthy environment and human welfare. Sewage contains
huge amount of organic matters which are toxic
organic matter. Sewage or waste water treatment consists
of two stages.

1 .Primary treatment
2. Biological treatment
 Primary treatmemt
• It involves the removal of large or small sized components
in the waste water through physical process.
Biological treatment:
• Aerobic microorganisms are inoculated into the sewage
treatment plant.
• These microbes utilize the organic components of the
sewage and reduce the toxicity.
• This can be measured by BOD (Biological Oxygen
Demand).
• After the biological treatment, the sludge is pumped from
the treatment plant into large tank. This large tank
consists of anaerobic bacteria which lead to the digestion
of sludge.
• During digestion, biogas is produced and it is used an
energy source.
• Hence sewage treatment plant design and sewage
management play a crucial role into the maintenance of
human welfare.
• Microorganisms which are involved in the production of energy
are called microbial fuel cells.
• Microbial fuel cells are used to generate a variety of energy
sources like biogas and electricity.
• Agricultural waste, manure and domestic wastes are raw
materials for the generation biogas.
• Biogas generation is done in the large concrete tank which is
called as biogas plant.Biomasses are collected at the biogas
plant and the slurry is fed. Biomasses are rich in organic matter.
• Moreover they reduce organic matter and pollutants by
growing incubating naturally occurring bacteria and other
microorganisms which consume the organic matter in
wastewater and are then separated from the water and
finally restore the oxygen to ensure that the water put
back into our rivers or lakes has enough oxygen to
support life.
• It is well known that the wastewater treatment plants have
always undergone evolution with time and introduction of
technology.
• Se- sufficient biological treatment plant is on the horizon.
They are prominent for the mitigation of the consumption
of electrical energy and at the same time as doubling
green power generation by biogas.
• However the upgrading technologies in India are quite
different from those in developed countries.
• Apparently reuse of treated municipal wastewater should
be encouraged in industries and agricultural sector.
OBJECTIVE

• To treat sewage to meet the standard, which is can be

safely discharged to the environment or reused.
• To prepare the suitable sewerage treatment plant method.
• To provide an economic sewerage system which is
profitable.
• To design the size of pipe for sewer and manhole size.
LITERATURE REVIEW
DR. SUNIL JAYANT KULKRNI: (2017)

• The characterization of waste water plays important role in

treat ability of waste water. The effluent from paint industry
contains high chemical oxygen demand and turbidity. The
waste water contains primary, secondary and tertiary
treatments.
• Chemical treatment for the waste water treatment contains
coagulation,flocculation and floatation. Advance oxidation
processes are used as tertiary treatment methods in many
applications.
 Studies indicated that coagulants such as aluminium sulphate
(alum) (Al2.(So4)3.18H2O), and anionic polyelectrolyte are
very useful for treatment.
• Modified Electro Fenton Process was found very effective
by few researches.
• Use of iron and aluminium salts as coagulants is also
effective for the removal of pollutants. It can be observed
from the review that water based paint wastewater can
effectively be treated by Fenton process with rust catalysis
in the mixed reactors.
 PALLAVI M. KHERDE:(2016)

• Effluent treatment can be carried out by various biological physical and

chemical methods. Physical treatment techniques are used for removal of coarser

materials from the water followed by biological methods.Biological treatment can

be
either attached growth of suspended growth. The selection of biological treatment
depends on quality of effluent and the percentage removal required. Biological
treatment are also used for selective removal of many heavy metals, phosphorous
and other pollutants. The current review summarizes the research & advancements

in biological treatments.
 R. V. WANJULE: (2013)

• This paper provides an overview of the special issue on wastewater

treatment
and Reuse: Past, Present and Future. The papers selected for published
include
advanced waste water treatment and monitoring technologies, such as
membrane
bioreactors, electrochemical systems; denitrifying bio filters and disinfection
technologies, the influence of organic matter on pathogen inactivation and
nutrient
removal. Collectively the special issue presents an evolution of technologies
from
conventional through advanced for reliable and sustainable wastewater
 R. V. WANJULE: (2013)

• The aim of this study is to evaluate the quality of sewage from 100 MLD
sewage treatment plant located at Vashi , Navi Mumbai which is based on latest
Cyclic Activated Sludge Technology. Study of sewage quality of this plant is an
essential as the most of the treated effluent discharged into Vashi Creck and
remaining used for Gardening purpose. Water samples were collected from raw
inlet
and treated outlet and analyzed for themajor waste water quality parameters
such
as 8 pH, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Dissolved Oxygen Demand (DOD),
Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Suspended Solids (TSS) etc.
• The overall quality of sewage of 100 MLD sewage
treatment plant will be evaluated by collecting samples.
The results of these evaluation also determine whether
the effluent discharged into the water bodies are under
limits given by MPCB.
 DR.SANTHOSH KUMAR:(2011)

• Most of the river basins are closing or closed to severe water shortages
brought on simultaneous effects of agricultural growth industrialization and
urbanization. Performance of state owned sewage treatment plants for treating
municipal waste water and common effluent treatment for treating effluent from small
scale industries is also not complying with prescribed standards. Thus effluent from
treatment plant often not suitable for household purpose and reuse of the waste waters
is mostly restricted to agricultural and industrial purposes. The development of
innovative technologies for treatment of wastewaters from various industries is a
matter of alarming concern for us. Although many research papers have been reported
on waste water pollution control studies but a very few treatment work is carried out
for treatment of wastewater steel industries especially in reference to development of
design of industrial Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) System.
• Another beneficial spect of this research work will be
recycling reuse of water and sludge from steel industry.
• The whole technologies for treating industry wastewater
can be divided into four categories:
1. Chemical
2.Physical
3.Biological
4. Mathematical approaches
DARSHAN MEHTA & MARGI A. SHETH: (2010)

• The trend of urbanization India is exerting stress on civic authorities to

provide basic requirement such as safe drinking water, sanitation andinfrastructure.
The rapid growth population has exerted the portable water demand which requires
exploration of raw water sources developing treatment and distribution systems. The
study is based on the environmental engineering. The effectively of the anjana
Sewage Treatment Plant surat will be work out during the entire project. The selected
parameters are pH ,Turbidity, TSS,COD,BOD and TDS. The treated and non treated
samples will be collected twice a week an every Monday and Thursday per month
for winter sessions and summer sessions have been tested in.
• Results obtained from collected samples are compared with BIS and
GPCB standards to evaluate theefficiencies of the activate sludge
plant will be calculated. By regression analysis correlation between
B
OD and TSS will also be established. Hence the measure against
non
treated water can be made to protect the environment. Additionally,
the problems associated with the operation and maintainance of
waste water treatment plant is discussed.
S.S.TURKER,D.BHARTI:(2009)

• Due to industrialization and urbanization disposal of industrial as well as

domestic effluent become more and more complex. Hence various
techniques were developed to purification of water. Pollution of water
streams causes due to by different organic , in organic and biological
contaminates among which pesticides are very common and introduced
due to agriculture source represents a serious
environmental problem. Several usual methods of water treatment exist
such as
activated carbon adsorption, chemical oxidation, biological treatment
etc...., and as
such have found certain practical applications.
• For example activated carbon adsorption involves phase
transfer of pollutants without decomposition into another
pollution problem. Chemical oxidation minerals all organic
substances and is only economically suitable for the
removal of pollutants at high concentrations.
 XUYAO LI, HONGTAO WANG: (2008)

• Optimization of energy efficiency is important for waste treatment

plant.
• Increasing energy costs and concerns about global change
highlight
the need to realize energy self- sufficient in WWPs.
• Energy self- sufficient WWTPS have been studied to reduce
operation
costs energy consumption and achieve carbon neutrality.
• In thispaper we analyzed the energy consumption and recovery in
WWTPs.
• Wecharacterized the comprehensive influence factor of
energy use in WWTPs including treatment techniques
treatment capacity and different regions.
• It is feasible to established energy self-sufficient WWTPs
although there are still challenges for the implementation
of energy self - sufficient WWTPs such as technology
barriers and higher investment, particularly in developing
countries.
Thank you sir