Origin of the Ottomans (Part-II)

Shajeer. S
Associate Professor & H.O.D
Dept. Of Islamic History
University College
Thiruvananthapuram
Seljuk Empire
Establishment of the Seljuk Dynasty
Turkish settlement in the Asia Minor- their
employment under the Abbasids- Turkish bodyguards
Resulted in the conversion of nomadic Turks settled in
the Asia Minor to Islam by 10th century- role of Sufi
missionaries
It provided them further vigour, order and discipline
Rise of Seljuk power under Tughril Beg
In 1055 he forced the Abbasid caliph to make him the
protector of Orthodox Islam and to recognise him as
Sultan
Further expansion of Turkish settlement in Asia Minor
following the battle of manzikart in 1071 under Alp
Decline of the Seljuks during 13th Century
Its fragmentation into different tiny states

Rise of Ghazi States

Great victories of Islam during the seventh century
A.D
Taurus Mountains and Armenian Highlands as the
boundary between Islam and Christendom
Raids of each group on the area of the other party
Rise of semiautonomous provinces in each border of
Islam and Christendom
Muslims called them ‘Ghazi’ – Warriors of the faith
and the Byzantines called it as ‘Akritoi’
Ghazi societies and development of a typical culture
under the nominal suzerainty of Islam and
Christendom
Even before the battle of Manzikert in 1071, these
ghazis attacked and plundered cities like Sivas,
Kayseri and Konya in the Asia Minor
Large scale settlement of ghazis following the battle of
Manzikert
These people traditionally called as Turkomans or
Yuruks- identical in blood and dialect with the Seljuks