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Lead Rubber Bearing

(LRB)

Introducer
R08521202 劉峻佑
Outline

• Design Lead Rubber Bearing And Isolation Structure

• Geometric Properties of LRBs

• Linear Time History Analysis

• Nonlinear Time History Analysis


Design Lead Rubber Bearing
And Isolation Structure
Information

 • Design Displacement of Isolation Bearing

• Effective Period of The Seismically Isolated Structure

• Equivalent Viscous Damping Ratio Contributed by Isolation Bearings

• Post-Yielding Stiffness Ratio of Isolation Bearings

• Structure Total Weight

• Effective Stiffness of Single Isolation Bearing


LRB Parameter

 After iterating with MATLAB, we can get :

• Characteristic Strength of Single Isolation Bearing

• Post-Yielding Stiffness of Single Isolation Bearing

• Elastic Stiffness of Single Isolation Bearing

• Yielding Force of Single Isolation Bearing

• Yielding Displacement of Single Isolation Bearing


Isolation Structure

  • Check Structural Period = 3~5 sec

  • Check LRB Displacement


Isolation Structure

  • Check Story Drift Ratio


Isolation Structure

 • Design Braces

Material : A36 Steel

Section Size : I-Beam 100x100x6x8 mm

Location : 4 each in the X and Y directions


on the , and floor
Isolation Structure

  • Check Structural Period = 3~5 sec

  • Check LRB Displacement


Isolation Structure

  • Check Story Drift Ratio


Isolation Structure

• Design Linear Viscous Damper

T  c jr2, j cos 2  j T1  Tx  3.206 sec T2  Ty  3.181 sec

d  j
M  5163.75 ton cos  0.9978
4  m  i i
2

3.206  cx  0.99782  12
d   C  207.2273 tonf - (sec/ m)1

4  5163.75  12
x

3.181  c y  0.99782  12
d   C y  208.8601 tonf - (sec/ m)1
4  5163.75  12
Isolation Structure

  • Check Structural Period = 3~5 sec

  • Check LRB Displacement


Isolation Structure

  • Check Story Drift Ratio


Geometric Properties of LRBs
Information

 • 本組目標設計位移 Design Displacement

• 本組橡膠硬度 Rubber Hardness IRHD = 50

• 橡膠支承墊之容許壓應力 Allowable Compressive Stress

• 單一支承墊所受軸力 Axial Force 、

而由橡膠硬度 IRHD 可得其他資訊

• 楊氏模數 Young’s Modulus

• 剪力模數 Shear Modulus

• 修正因子 Correction Factor


Assumption

• 最大設計剪應變 Design Shear Strain

• 橡膠的拉斷應變 Ultimate Strain of Rubber

• 鉛心的降伏應力 Design Yielding Strength of The Lead Core


LRB Properties

 • 橡膠層墊總厚度 Thickness of Total Rubber Layers

DD 30
Tr    20 cm
 max 150%

• 設計鉛心面積 Section Area of The Lead Core

Qd 15668.27
Ap    174.092 cm 2
f py 90

• 設計鉛心直徑 Diameter of The Lead Core

4 Ap
dp   14.8883 cm  d p  15 cm  Ap  176.715 cm 2

LRB Properties

 • 形狀因子 Shape Factor

Ec E (1  2kS 2 ) 220  (1  2  0.73  S 2 )


   400  S  8.8891
G G 64

取 ,則

• 橡膠有效壓縮模數 Effective Compression Modulus of Rubber

Ec  E (1  2kS 2 )  Ec  220  (1  2  0.73  20 2 )  128700 (N / cm2 )


LRB Properties

 • 橡膠層墊的斷面面積與斷面尺寸 Effective bonded Rubber Area

(a) 橡膠層墊在 () 下的容許壓應力 () 估算橡膠層墊有效受壓面積


Effective bonded Rubber Area
PDL  LL 316406
c    150 kgf / cm 2  Are 0  0.2109 m 2
Are 0 Are 0
若使用圓形斷面,則可利用公式: ( :支承墊最大水平位移 )

d2  S 
Are  (   sin  )   2cos  
-1

4  d 

已知發生在 TCU109 的 Y 方向,因此,經由計算可得:

d  0.6935 m 、 Ar 0  0.3777 m 2
LRB Properties

 • 橡膠層墊的斷面面積與斷面尺寸 Effective bonded Rubber Area

(b) 橡膠層墊垂直載重 () 下所引致的剪應變估算橡膠層墊面積


Effective bonded Rubber Area
PDL  LL EB 316406 5
6S   6  20   9.81   Are1  0.1736 m 2
Ec Are1 3 128700  Are1 3
若使用圓形斷面,則可利用公式: ( :支承墊最大水平位移 )

d2  S 
Are  (   sin  )   2cos  
-1

4  d 

已知發生在 TCU109 的 Y 方向,因此,經由計算可得:

d  0.6469 m 、 Ar1  0.3287 m 2


LRB Properties

 • 橡膠層墊的斷面面積與斷面尺寸 Effective bonded Rubber Area

(c) 橡膠層墊所受剪力求得橡膠層墊最小剪力斷面面積
Effective bonded Rubber Area

先求取橡膠材料彈性勁度 ( 不含鉛心 )
 A   176.715 
K d  K r 1  12 p   43978.44  K r 1  12 
 Ar0   0.3777  10000 

 K r  28165.774 kgf / m

由橡膠墊剪力估算橡膠墊面積

K rTr 28165.774  20 9.81


Ar 2     Ar 2  0.0863 m 2
G 64 100
LRB Properties

 • 橡膠層墊的斷面面積與斷面尺寸 Effective bonded Rubber Area

(d) 決定橡膠層墊的斷面面積與斷面尺寸 Effective bonded Rubber Area

Ar  max(Ar、
0
A 、
r1
Ar2
)  Ar
 0.3777 m 2

使用圓形斷面,,,

最後取

,,
LRB Properties

 • 單層橡膠厚度 Thickness of Each Rubber Layer

d 0.6935  100
S   20   ti  0.8669 cm  8.6686 mm
4ti 4  ti

最後取
ti  10 mm

• 橡膠層數 Number of Total Layers

Tr 20
N   N   N  20
ti 1

最後取層
 Tr  N  ti  25  10  250 mm  25 cm
LRB Properties

 • 鋼板厚度 Thickness of Single Shim Plate

2   ti  ti 1   PDL  LL
tS 
Are  Fs

其中,使用 A36 鋼板,

2   1 2  0.01  316406
tS   0.0030 m  3.0 mm
0.2164  16800  1000
最後取

tS  3.5 mm
LRB Properties

 • 支承墊總高度 Height of Total Isolation Bearing

假設最上層與最下層的鋼板各厚 ,則支承墊總高度

h  Tr +( N  1)  tS  2  2.5

h  25  (25  1)  0.35  2  2.5  38.4 cm


LRB Properties

 • 剪應變與穩定度的檢核 Check Shear Strain and Stability

(a) 受垂直軸壓力時產生的剪力應變

PDL  LL EB
 c , DL LL  6S 
Are  Ec 3

316406 9.81 500%


 c , DL  LL  6  20    1.3375   1.6667
0.2164  128700 10000 3

◎ 受垂直軸壓力時產生的剪力應變 → OK
LRB Properties

 • 剪應變與穩定度的檢核 Check Shear Strain and Stability

(b) 考慮地震力作用的組合 +

DD B 2
 sc   eq   sr   sc    0.75 EB
Tr 2tiTr

30 702  0
 sc   eq   sr  1.3375    2.8375  0.75  500%  3.75
20 2  0.1 20

◎ 考慮地震力作用的組合 → OK
LRB Properties

 • 剪應變與穩定度的檢核 Check Shear Strain and Stability

(c) 防止支承發生傾覆 (Roll-Out)

1 PDL  DLL  EQ  L  Qd  h
 roll out   DD
2 PDL  DLL  EQ  K d  h

1 316406  70  15668.27  38.4


 roll out   32.3240 cm  30 cm
2 316406  43978.44  38.4  0.01

◎ 防止支承發生傾覆 (Roll-Out) → OK
LRB Properties

• 剪應變與穩定度的檢核 Check Shear Strain and Stability

(d) 穩定度要求
P GSL
c  <  cr 
A 2.5  Tr

316406 GS L 64  20  70 10000


c   822.1646 tonf / m 2  cr     1461.3659 tonf / m 2
0.3848  1000 2.5  Tr 2.5  25 9.81  1000

 c  822.1646 tonf / m 2   cr  1461.3659 tonf / m2

◎ 穩定度要求 → OK
LRB Properties

 • 剪應變與穩定度的檢核 Check Shear Strain and Stability

(e) 鉛心尺寸
Hp 25
1.25    1.667  5.0
dp 15

◎ 鉛心尺寸 → OK

• 設計結果 Design Result

此次設計的鉛心橡膠支承墊 LRB 直徑,支承墊總高,橡膠層數為層,橡膠每層厚度


為,鉛心直徑,鋼板層數為層,鋼板每層厚度,上、下底板厚度各為。
Linear Time History Analysis
(TCU067 、 TCU078 、 TCU109)
Max. Story Drift Ratio
Roof Max. Time History
Roof Max. Time History
Roof Max. Time History
Energy Dissipation
Hysteresis Loop
Nonlinear Time History Analysis
(TCU052 、 TCU072 、 HWA011)
Max. Story Drift Ratio
Roof Max. Time History
Roof Max. Time History
Roof Max. Time History
Energy Dissipation
Hysteresis Loop
Thank You for Attention

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