COHERENCE and

COHESION
RICHARD ALFEO B. ORIGINAL, LPT
Faculty, Basic Education
AGUSAN DEL SUR COLLEGE, INC.
Coherence
the quality of being logical, clearly
organized, not rumbling or confusing

Cohesion
the connection or linking of ideas in a
text making it unified and coherent
Coherence and Cohesion
Coherence and cohesion are related
since a lack of cohesion will often lead
to a lack of clarity. In other words, if
sentences aren’t linked together
effectively, the text may be difficult to
understand.
 The Life of a Star
The life and death of a star begins somewhere in space.
Astronomers claim that a star begins as a cloud of hydrogen
and helium. As the cloud moves about it collects bits of dust
and more floating gases. Then the cloud begins to warm as
more dust and gases are pulled into it. After a long period of
time as the cloud becomes denser, heat and friction cause the
atoms to explode. That is how a star is born. The star will burn
for about ten billion years as it radiates heat and energy. When
the hydrogen begins to burn out the star becomes even larger.
At this stage, it gives off a lot of light but not much energy. The
star may continue to burn brightly but dies when it runs out of
hydrogen. This is the life cycle of a star.
 Bill’s Refrigerator
The inside of Bill's refrigerator was horrible. On the
top shelf was a three week old carton of milk. Next to
it sat a slice of melon that had started to get
moldy. To the right of the melon sat the remains of a
macaroni and cheese dinner that had been served a
week earlier. On the shelf below was a slice of cake
from his sister's birthday party. Though there was
food, none of it was edible.
 Text #3
After looking at all the brochures and talking to several
salesmen, I decided to purchase an SLR camera. For
several years I had been dissatisfied with the results I was
getting from my point-and-shoot camera. The framing was
imprecise and the focus was not always accurate. I had
planned a vacation to an area that promised many fabulous
photo opportunities, and I wanted to capture each one with
accuracy. But the most important reason I decided on the
SLR camera was the great versatility it offered.
Chronological Order
(Order of Time)

In chronological order or time order,

items, events, or even ideas are
arranged in the order in which they
occur.
Chronological Order
(Order of Time)
This pattern is marked by such
transitions as next, then, the following
morning, a few hours later, still later,
that Wednesday, by noon, when she was
seventeen, before the sun rose, that
April, and so on.
Spatial Order
(Order of space)
Spatial order is a method of 
organization in which details are
presented as they are (or were)
located in space — such as, from left
to right or from top to bottom.
Spatial Order
(Order of space)
Also known as order of place or space
structure, spatial order describes
things as they appear when observed
— in descriptions of places and
objects, 
Spatial Order
(Order of space)
spatial order determines the
perspective from which readers
observe the details.
Climactic Order
(Order of Importance)

The coherence of the paragraph is

established in one of two ways:
(a) from least to most important, or
(b) from most to least important.