Mughal Gardens

• A group of gardens, built by the Mughals in

the Islamic style of architecture.
• Style heavily influenced by the Persian
gardens.
 Popular Examples

• Humayun's Tomb, Delhi

• Taj Mahal, Agra
• Shalimar Bagh (Srinagar), Jammu and Kashmir
• Nishat Gardens, Jammu and Kashmir
• Yadvindra Gardens, Pinjore
• Brindavan Gardens, Mysore, Karnataka
• Rashtrapati Bhavan, New Delhi
Yadavindra Gardens , Pinjore
Mughal Gardens -Typical Features
• During the Mughal period, a new formal garden style emerged which, was
based on the paradise garden design of ‘Char Bagh’ in Central Asia from
where the Mughals came to India.
• Garden is square or a rectangular in shape and surrounded by a high wall.
• There is a straight entrance gate with huge wooden doors studded with
heavy iron bosses, nails and spikes.
• The gardens were divided into two or more terraces with a small brick-
paved canal of running water. Water (the most important element) is
represented by pools, fountains and canals inside the gardens.
• The central water course was strong and dominant. The cross formed in
the centre by the intersection of water channels has been the symbol of
the meeting of humanity with god.
• Generally, paths ran parallel to the canals so that a person walking on
them could see and admire the beauty.
 Mughal Gardens -Typical Features
• The gardens are generally divided into eight parts representing the eight
divisions of the Holy Koran.
• Baradari, a canopied building with twelve open doors on all sides, is
another feature of some of the Mughal gardens. The baradari was
generally used by royalty to observe the play of the water.
• Garden had trees of various sorts, some to provide shade and others to
produce fruits
• The permanently built flowerbeds were generally of geometrical patterns,
where the natural shapes of flowers of various types were adopted for the
flowerbed designs.
• The traditional planting of alternate cypress and flowering trees along the
waterways represented immortality and the renewal of life, respectively.
• Plant materials were selected carefully for formal effect in the garden.
Selection of plants was dependent upon the local climatic conditions.
•  
Japanese Gardens- Background
Japanese Gardens- Elements
Japanese Gardens- Features
 Japanese Gardens- Types
• Tsukiyama Gardens (hill gardens). Ponds, streams, hills, stones, trees,
flowers, bridges and paths are used to create a miniature reproduction of
natural scenery.

• Karesansui gardens (dry gardens). Reproduce natural landscapes in a

more abstract way by using stones, gravel, sand and sometimes a few
patches of moss for representing mountains, islands, boats, seas and
rivers.

• Cha niwa gardens (tea gardens). Are built for the tea ceremony and they
contain a tea house where the actual ceremony is held and are designed
in aesthetic simplicity according to the concepts of sado (tea ceremony).
 Class Assignment

Make A 2 page Report containing a simple

labeled sketch of The Hanging Gardens of
Babylon and Mention the typical features