MEE 329

Instrumentation and
Measurement

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 MEE 329
Instrumentation and Measurement
INSTRUCTOR Arbab Shahid
OFFICE HRS 3:00 - 4:30 PM
EMAIL arbabshahid30@gmail.com

COMSATS Institute of Information Technology

Department of Mechanical Engineering

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MEE 329
Instrumentation and Measurement
•Measurement Systems Application and
Design, 1st Edition by E Doeblin Published
by McGraw Hill.
•Theory and Design for Mechanical
Measurements by R. Figliola and D. Beasley
Published by Jhon Wiley, April 30, 1991.

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MEE 329
Instrumentation and Measurement

Grading
Quizzes 10%
Homework & Assignments 15%
Sessional 1 10%
Sessional 2 15%
Final Exam 50%

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MEE 329
Instrumentation and Measurement
OBJECTIVES:
• This course is a good understanding of the
principles of measurement including the
characteristics of measuring devices, types of
measurement error, electrical noise, calibration,
and measurement of the main electrical quantities
• Should also have a good overview of the test,
display and analysis equipment used, as well as
suitable data acquisition systems.

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MEE 329
Instrumentation and Measurement
Topics Covered
•Introduction to the course
•Significance of measurements
•General measurement system
•Planning (Design) of experiments

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MEE 329 Significance of measurements

Instrumentation and Measurement

•A measurement is an act of assigning a
specific value to a physical variable. That
physical variable is the measured.
• A measurement system is a tool used for
quantifying the measured variable.
•Measurement requirements and objective
define the systems to be used
•The objective in any measurement is to
answer a question!

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MEE 329 General measurement system
Instrumentation and Measurement

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MEE 329
Instrumentation and Measurement
Sensor & Transducer Phase
•Sensor, a physical element that employs some
natural phenomenon to sense the variable being
measured.
•Transducer ,converts the sensed information into a
detectable signal.
•Sensor selection, placement, and installation are
particularly important to ensure that the sensor
output accurately reflects the measurement
objective.

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MEE 329
Instrumentation and Measurement

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MEE 329
Instrumentation and Measurement
Output Stage:
•The goal of a measurement system is to convert the sensed information
into a form that can be easily quantified.
•The output stage indicates or records the value measured. This might be
a simple readout display, a marked scale, or even a recording device such
as a computer disk drive.
Signal conditioning Stage:
The signal-conditioning stage takes the transducer signal and
modifies it to a desired magnitude. This optional
intermediate stage might be used to perform tasks such as
increasing the magnitude of the signal by amplification,
removing portions of the signal through some filtering
technique, or providing mechanical or optical linkage
between the transducer and the output stage

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MEE 329
Instrumentation and Measurement
The feedback-control stage:
•Contains a controller that interprets the measured signal
and makes a decision regarding the control of the process.
• This decision results in a signal that changes the process
parameter that affects the magnitude of the sensed variable.

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 MEE 329 Planning (Design) of experiments
Instrumentation and Measurement
Planning (Design) of experiments:
Parameter design plan.
Determine the test objective and identify the process
variables and parameters and a means for their control.
Ask: ‘‘What question am I trying to answer? What needs
to be measured?’’ ‘‘What variables and parameters will
affect my results?’’
System and tolerance design plan.
Select a measurement technique, equipment, and test
procedure based on some preconceived tolerance limits
for error.3 Ask: ‘‘In what ways can I do the measurement
and how good do the results need to be to answer my
question?’’ 13
MEE 329
Instrumentation and Measurement
Data reduction design plan.
Plan how to analyze, present, and use the
anticipated data. Ask: ‘‘How will Interpret the
resulting data? How will I use the data to answer my
question? How good is my answer? Does my answer
make sense?’
Variables:
Variables are entities that influence the test. In
addition to the targeted measured variable, there
may be other variables pertinent to the measured
process that will affect the outcome.
Dependent variables & Independent variables
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MEE 329
Instrumentation and Measurement
The control of variables is important. A variable is controlled
if it can be held at a constant value or at some prescribed
condition during a measurement.
Variables that are not or cannot be controlled during
measurement but that affect the value of the variable
measured are called extraneous variables

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MEE 329
Instrumentation and Measurement
Noise is a random variation of the value of the measured
signal as a consequence of the variation of the extraneous
variables.
Any uncontrolled influence that causes the signal or test
outcome to behave in a manner different from its true
behavior is interference.

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MEE 329
Instrumentation and Measurement

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MEE 329
Instrumentation and Measurement

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