POWER POINT

PRESENTATION ON
“SINGLE PHASE
FULL WAVE
RECTIFIER”

Made
By:SHAILLYSINGH(16/IEE/051)
 SINGLE PHASE RECTIFER
 All single phase rectifiers use solid
state devices as their primary AC-to-
DC converting device. Single phase
uncontrolled half-wave rectifiers are
the simplest and possibly the most
widely used rectification circuit for
small power levels as their output is
heavily affected by the reactance of
the connected load.
 Fully-controlled Bridge Rectifier

 Single phase fully-controlled bridge

rectifiers are known more commonly
as AC-to-DC converters. Fully-
controlled bridge converters are
widely used in the speed control of
DC machines and is easily obtained
by replacing all four diodes of a
bridge rectifier with thyristors as
shown.
 Fully-controlled Bridge Rectifier

 In the fully-controlled rectifier configuration, the average

DC load voltage is controlled using two thyristors per half-
cycle. Thyristors SCR1 and SCR4 are fired together as a pair
during the positive half-cycle, while
thyristors SCR3 and SCR4 are also fired together as a pair
during the negative half-cycle. That is
180o after SCR1 and SCR4.
 Then during continuous conduction mode of operation the
four thyristors are constantly being switched as alternate
pairs to maintain the average or equivalent DC output
voltage. As with the half-controlled rectifier, the output
voltage can be fully controlled by varying the thyristors
firing delay angle (α)
 The full-wave rectifier is more
efficient than the half-wave
rectifier as it uses both half-cycles of
the input sine wave producing a
higher average or equivalent DC
output voltage. A disadvantage of
the full-wave bridge circuit is that is
that it requires four diodes.
 Circuit Diagram

Single Phase Full Wave Bridge Rectifier with R-L Load

Constructional Features and WORKING
 The circuit consists of four Thyristors T1,T2,T3 and
T4,a voltage source and a RL load.
 During possitive half cycle of the input voltage,
thyristor T1 and T2 is forward biased but will not
conduct until the gate pulse is applied to it.
 When a gate pulse is given to thyristor T1 and T2 at
ꙍt= ἁ ,it gets turned ON and begin to conduct.
 When T1 and T2 is ON, the input voltage is
applied to the load but due to the inductor present
at the load, the current through the load builds up
slowly through the path Vs-T1-Load-T2-Vs.
 During the negative half cycle, T3 and T4 is
forward biased. The thyristor T1 and T2 gets
reversed biased but the current through them
is not zero due to the inductor and does not
turn OFF.
 The current through the inductor begans to
decay to zero and T1 and T2 conducts for small
duration in negative half cycle.
 When the gate pulse is given to the thyristor T3
and T4 at ꙍt= π+α, it gets turned ON and begin to
conduct.
 When Thyristor T3 and T4 is ON,the load current
shifts its path to T3 and T4 and turns OFF T1 ad T2
at ꙍt= π+α.
 When T3 and T4 is ON, he current through the load
builds up slowly through the path Vs-T3-load-T4-
Vs.
 So here all the thyristors will conduct for a few
duration in the negative half cycle.
 The load recieves voltage during both the half
cycles
 Average value of output voltage can be varied
by varing the firing angle α.
 The waveform shows the plot of input voltage, gate
current, output voltage, output current and voltage
across thyristor.
Waveforms
 THANKYOU

SUBMITTED TO
:DR. M.A. ANSARI