“How do you know I have a

learning disability? Maybe you

have a teaching disability!”
1. NATUREOF SPECIAL
EDUCATION
2. EXCEPTIONAL
CHILDREN
3. LABELS AND LANGUAGE
OF SPECIAL EDUCATION
4. DEFINING NORMALITY
AND ABNORMALITY
5. RECIPIENTS OF SPECIAL
EDUCATION
General education is the standard
curriculum presented with standard
teaching methods and without additional
supports.
• An educational program or
service designed to meet the
needs of children with special
needs who cannot profit
from general or regular
education because of
disabilities or exceptional
abilities.
• Preventive: Designed •Individually planned
to keep minor
problems from •Specialized
becoming a disability •Intensive
• Remedial: Attempt to •Goal-directed
eliminate the effects
of a disability
• Compensatory: Enable
successful functioning
in spite of the
disability
 SPECIAL EDUCATION refers to the
education of persons who are
GIFTED OR TALENTED and those who
have PHYSICAL, MENTAL, SOCIAL OR
SENSORY IMPAIRMENT AND
CULTURAL
DIFFERENCES so as to
Special
Education modifications require of the
Division curricula, programs school
and special
Philippines services and physical facilities to
Memorandum:
develop them to their maximum
capacity.
The loss or reduced A problem encountered
function of a body part when interacting with the
or organ / Physical environment / Social
Role

Exists when an Children who have a

impairment limits the greater-than-usual
ability to perform chance of developing a
certain tasks disability
assessment encompasses all those
functions in the testing and
diagnostic process leading up to a
development of an appropriate,
individualized educational program
and placement for a handicapped
child
When professionals apply skills to
maintain or improve an
individual's functioning, the
process is known as intervention.
Intervention includes
habilitation, rehabilitation, and
remediation.
a written statement, developed
by the assessment team
translating the child's evaluation
and information into a practical
plan for instruction and delivery
of services.
The treatment of an illness or
disabling condition is referred to
as therapy. For children with
exceptionalities, the major types
employed are speech therapy,
occupational therapy, and
physical therapy.
• All the efforts to uphold the rights and dignity of
children with disabilities primarily root from
the philosophical understanding of man.
The physical attributes and/or learning abilities
of children differ from the norm to such an
extent that they require an individualized
program of education to FULLY BENEFIT from
education.
NORM

students Students
with with special
disabilities gifts or talents
Who Are Exceptional Children?
 BOTH
EXTREMES

SPECIAL
DISTINCTNESS
ENVIRONMEN
T

CHARACTERISTIC
S OF
EXCEPTIONAL
CHILDREN
NO BENEFIT FROM DEVIATIO
REGULAR TEACHING N

DIMENSIONS
 ACCEPTANCE, LOVE, PATIENCE AND
UNDERSTANDING

INDIVIDUAL EQUAL RIGHT

DIFFERENCES

IDENTIFICATION
SPECIFIC GOALS
AND PLACEMENT

COMPETENT INDIVIDUALIZED
PERSONS TEACHING

SPECIAL CONTINUOUS
CURRICULUM REASSESSMENT

INTEGRAL PART TEAM APPROACH

•Labelling or labeling is
describing someone
or something in a
word or short phrase.
•Recognizing differences •Helps professionals
in learning and behavior communicate and
is the first step to disseminate research
responding responsibly findings
to those differences •Funding and resources
•May lead to more are often based on
acceptance of atypical categories
behavior by peers •Helps advocacy groups
•Helps professionals promote more
communicate and awareness
disseminate research •Makes special needs
findings more visible
•Focuses on what students
cannot do
•May stigmatize the child
and lead to peer rejection
•May negatively affect
self-esteem
•May cause others to have
low expectations for the
student
•Disproportionate number
of culturally diverse groups
are labeled
•May take the role of fictional
explanatory constructs
•Takes away from the child’s
individuality
•Suggest that there is
something wrong with the
child
•Labels have permanence
•Basis for keeping children out
of the regular classroom
•Requires great expenditure
that might be better spent on
planning & delivering instruction
The absence of illness and the presence
of state of well being

NORMALITY
The significant deviation from commonly
accepted patterns of behavior, emotion or
thought

NORMALITY
ABNORMALITY ABNORMALITY
•Maladaptive and cause an individual
significant discomfort
•Behaviors may be considered abnormal if
they are associated with disability,
personal distress, the violation of social
norms, or dysfunction
People who behave normally are those
who act and behave in an average, typical
way.

Statistically speaking, normal behavior is

that which we would expect from the
majority of people.

Abnormal, therefore, refers to any behavior

that is not typical.
 PHYSICALLY
EXCEPTIONAL

MENTALLY EXCEPTIONAL EDUCATIONALLY

EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN EXCEPTIONAL

SOCIALLY
EXCEPTIONA
L
 14 Special Education
Categories/Disability
Categories
1. Autism 8. Orthopedic Impairment
2. Deaf-blindness 9.Other Health impairment
3. Deafness 10.Specific Learning Disability
4. Emotional Disturbance 11.Speech or Language
5. Intellectual Disability Impairment
6. Hearing Impairment 12. Traumatic Brain Injury
7. Multiple Disabilities 13. Visual Impairment
14. Gifted
 SPEECH/LA
SENSORY HEARING
NGUAGE
VISUAL
IMPAIRE
IMPAIRED
IMPAIRE D
DISABLE D
MOTOR ORTHOPEDI
DISABLED C
IMPAIRED
OTHER TRAUMATI
MULTIPL DEAF-
HEALT C BRAIN
E BLINDNES INJURY
H
S
DISABLED IMPAIRME
NT
 MENTALLY
GIFTED / RETARDED OR
AUTISM
INTELLECTUALL
CREATIV Y
E DISABLED
EDUCATIONALLY BRIGHT

EDUCATIONALLY BACKWARD

LEARNING DISABLED CHILDREN

Ms Samriti Mona
DEPRIVED CHILDREN

MALADJUSTED CHILDREN

PROBLEMATIC CHILDREN

JUVENILE DELINQUENT

EMOTIONALLY
DISTURBED
Special Education Law Resource File. Web site:
http://emquinlansped.weebly.com/index.html

Department of Education, Philippines. http://www.deped.gov.ph/

http://www.scribd.com/doc/21371406/Special-Education-Division-
Philippines-Memorandum

http://idea.ed.gov/explore/home

National Information Center for Children and Youth with disabilities.

Web
site: http://www.nichcy.org/trainpkg/traintxt/7addonly.htm

http://www.help4specialeducation.com/page6/page6.html

http://www.learnnc.org/lp/pages/7196http://www.education.com/refere
nce/article/labeling-eligibility-special-education/?page=2