;fa{hlgs vl/b

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;fj{hlgs vl/b
kl/ro
k|:t'tLs/0fsf] vfsf
१ vl/b / lsGg] aLrsf] km/s २
;fj{hlgs vl/bsf] cy{
३ vl/b k|s[of @
४ ;fj{hlgs vl/bsf ;/f]sf/jfnf
५ ;fj{hlgs vl/bsf] p2]]Zo
६ ;xfos p2]Zo
७ ;fj{hlgs vl/bsf l;4fGtx?
८ g]kfnsf] Joj:yf
 vl/b / lsGg'aLrsf] km/s vl/b
vl/b Ps k|s[of ug]{
lsGg] Ps sfo{
lsGg
vl/b ]
cfjZostf klxrfgb]lv vl/b;DaGwL s/f/sf]
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— ;a}sf]
— ;/sf/sf]

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;fj{hlgs vl/bsf] cy{

vl/b ;DaGwdf — ;/sf/sf] s] <

lgsfo ls k};f <

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 ;fj{hlgs vl/bsf ;/f]sf/jfnf
vl/b lsg <
o ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] lbg' kg]{ ;]jf afXo kIf;
+u lsg]/ lbg'kg]{, h:t} — cf}ifwL,;8s
cflb .
o ;fj{hlgs lgsfo cfk}m ;]jf lbg cfjZos kg]
{ s'/f k|fKt ug{ h:t} — :6]zg/L,
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 ;fj{hlgs vl/bsf ;/f]sf/jfnf

lghL vl/bdf a]Rg] / lsGg] afx]s c?

nfO{ vf; ;/f]sf/ gx'g] eP klg ;fj{hlgs vl/bdf
oL afx]s c? w]/}sf] ;/f]sf/ /xG5 .
Jofj;flos If]q — vl/bdf ;xefuL x'g kfpg] ;a}sf]
cj;/ x'G5,
;]jfu|fxL ⁄ ;]jf pkof]ustf{—cfGtl/s, afXo
/fh:j p7fpg] lgsfo, lgoGq0f ug]{ lgsfo (
 cfjZos
;fj{hlgs vl/bsf p2]Zo
:k]l;lkms]zgdf tf]lsPsf]
cfjZos -36L gxf];\, a9L x'g t ;Snf t/
d"Nof+sg ubf{ a9L k|fyldstf lbg'
j:t', ;]jf jf x'b}g_
lgdf{0f sd d"No ;fy{stf
d"Nodf, lsGbfsf] d"No dfq xf]Og, j:t' jf ;]jfsf] k"/f
hLjgsf] d"No -uf8L vl/b ug'{ k/]
ck]lIft ljs|]tfnfO{ ltg]{ d"No dfq xf]Og, OGwg vkt,
;dodf :yfgdf dd{t vr{, k'/fgf] ePkl5 a]Rbf kg]{ d"No klg
ljrf/ ug'{k5{_ ck]lIft ;do / :yfg — h] vl/b
k|fKt ug'{ ul/g] xf] Tof] cfjZos ;do / :yfgdf pknAw !)
 cGo p2]Zo
 sfddf ;/ntf / vr{ Go"gLs/0f
- 6]G8/ ug'{ gkg]{ vfnsf vl/bsf nflu 6]G8/
vr{ gul/g]_,
 :jb]zL pBf]u, Joj;fosf] ;+/If0f k|jw{g
-:jb]zL pBf]u ;]jf k|bfosaf6 g} !% k|ltzt dxFuf] eP klg
vl/b ug'{kg]{, lglZrt /sd;Dd :jb]zL Joj;foLaf6 g} vl/b
ug'{kg]{, ljb]zL sDkgLn] g]kfnL Joj;foLnfO{
;fe]mbf/ agfpg' kg]{, Ph]G6 /fVg' kg]{_, !!
;fj{hlgs vl/bsf l;4fGtx?
!= clwstd k|ltkmn
@= :jR5tf, kf/blz{tf / pQ/bfloTj
#= ;+:yfsf] clwstd lxt
$= lhDd]jf/L lje]bLs/0f
%= u'gf;f] ;Daf]wg ⁄ k'g/fjnf]sg

!@
 u'?of]hgf
e'Qmfg
L jflif{s ah]6 / vl/b
of]hgf
;Demf}tf ljj/0f
Joj:yfkg vl/bsf] -:k]l;lkms]zg_
k|s[of
;Demf}tf af]nkq cfXjfg
;"rgf d"Nof
Íg
$
g]kfnsf] Joj:yf
!= sfg'gL Joj:yf
• ;fj{hlgs vl/b P]g @)^# /
;fj{hlgs vl/b lgodfjnL @)^$
• k|b]z, :yfgLo txn] cfˆg}
lgodfjnL agfpg ;Sg],
• ;'/Iff;DaGwL vl/b ubf{ oL
sfg'gx? Affx]ssf cGo k|fjwfg
cfslif{t x'g],
• bft[ kIf;+u ;Demf}tf ePsf]
cfof]hgf ;+rfng ubf{ ;Demf}tf
cg';f/ x'g ;Sg]
@= ;+:yfut Joj:yf
 lgsfo—lgsfon] vl/b ug]{ /
k'g/fjnf]sn sfof{no k|d'vn] ug]{ /
lrQ ga'‰g] ;fj{hlgs vl/b #
;b:oLo k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldltsf] Joj:yf
 ;fj{hlgs vl/b k'g/fjnf]sg
sfof{nosn] vl/bnfO{ :t/Ls/0f ug]
{ Joj:yf
!#
:yfgLo txsf ;DaGwdf
sfg'gL Joj:yf
• ;fj{hlgs vl/b P]g @)^# nfu' xg]
• vl/b lgodfjnL cfkm} agfpg
;lsg]
• ;+3Lo ;/sf/n] df]8n lgodfjnL
agfP/ pknAw u/fpg ;Sg] t/
xfn;Dd gagL ;s]sf] cj:yf
• cfkm} lgofdfjnL
gagfpF+bf;Dd vl/b lgodfjnL
@)^$ nfu' ug{ ;lsg]
clwsf/ k|of]u ;DaGwdf
-kl/kqcg';f/_
 h'g txsf k|zf;sLo k|d'v 5g\,
pgn] ;f]xL txsf] clws[tsf] clwsf/
k|of]u ug]{
-t[tLo >]0fLsf] k|dvn] t[tLo
>]0fLsf] g}_
 ;f] txeGbf dflysf] clwsf/ cWoIf jf
d]o/n] k|of]u ug]{, !#
vl/b;DaGwL cfrf/;+lxtf ;fj{hlgs vl/b P]g
-bkmf ^!_
s_ :jR5 k|lt:kwf{ x'g] u/L lgikIf Jojxf/ ug]{,
v_ ;fj{hlgs lxt x'g] u/L vl/b sfo{ ug]{,
u_ :jfy{ aflemg] u/L vl/b sfo{ gug]{,
3_ af]nkqbftfsf] ;+j]bgzLn tYo uf]Ko /flvlbg],
ª_ cfkm" kbdf /xL vl/b sfo{df ;+nUg x'Fbf hf];+u
vl/b ul/Psf] 5, Tof] sDkgL;+u s'g} ?kdf ;]jf lgj[Q
 vl/b;DaGwL cfrf/;+lxtf

;fj{hlgs vl/b P]g -bkmf ^!_

r_ cfˆgf gft]bf/ vl/bdf e]08/sf] ?kdf ;+nUg ePsf 5g\ eg]
vl/b k|lqmofsf] dxTjk"0f{ r/0fdf ;+nUg gx'g],
5_ sfg'g ljk/Lt x'g] sfd gug]{,
h_ e|i6frf/hGo tyf hfn;fhLk"0f{ sfd gug]{,
em_ ldn]dtf] tyf u'6afhLdf ;+nUg x'g gx'g] .
olb vl/b sfg'gn] ug{' kg]{ eg]sf] sfo{ gu/]sf] jf cfr/0f
ljk/Lt x'g] sfo{ u/]sf] cj:ydf ljefuLo sf/jfxL ug'{ kg]
{ x'G5 .
vl/b;DaGwL cfrf/;+lxtf
dfly pNn]lvt a'Fbfx?sf] sfof{Gjog ug]{ qmddf s] s:tf
Jojxf/ ug{' k5{ / x'Gg eGg] af/] s]xL Jofjxfl/s s'/fx?M
• af]nkq bflvnf ug]{ jf c? lbg s'g} ;Defljt
af]nkqbftfnfO{ ljz]if Jojxf/ gug]{,
• s'g} dxTTjk"0f{ ;"rgf ;a}nfO{ a/fa/ x'g] u/L lbg],
• af]nkq k|lqmof z'? eO;s]kl5 ;Defljt
af]nkqbftfnfO{ PSn} ge]6\g]
• s'g} pkxf/ glng] .
• ;xefuLx?n] cfˆgf] cg'ejaf6 klg w]/} cfr/0fut s'/f
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