DEVIL CREEK METAL PROJECT

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Members of Group 8: Wenqi Shi 15525242

Haicon Dai 15093202
Zhen Zhang 15400239
Yuteng Zhang 14782431
Teng Wang 14068474
Yanyong Wang 15005663
 Devil Creek Tin Mine Operation Background and Assumption

 In the mountains near the west coast of Tasmania. Nearby mine site is Savage River Mine, around the town
named STRAHAN.
 Aim to mine out the material in 7 years
 Cassiterite ore production rate is 8 Mtpa and waste removal form 16 Mtpa in first year to 22 Mtpa at last year.
 The density of the waste rock is 2.3t/BCM and or is 2.8t/BCM
 Waste UCS is 87; Ore UCS is 177
 Waste Brazilian tensile strength 10.7 Gpa; Ore Brazilian tensile strength 19.1Gpa
 GSI value for waste is 49; GSI value for ore is 78.
Devil Creek Tin Mine Operation Background and
Assumption

1. Total unavailable drilling days in a year is 92 days. It is include public holiday,

bad weather and so on.
2. Operation efficiency factor for drilling equipment is 0.9.
3. Explosive material density: Heavy ANFO density is 1.5 g/cm^3; ANFO density 0.8
g/cm^3; Emulsion density is 1.5 g/cm^3
4. Explosive delivery truck operation efficacy factor is 0.9, availability factor is 0.8.
5. Borehole charge time assume as 0.5 hour each one.
6. Three different explosive material ANFO, Heavy ANFO and emulsion. For heavy
ANFO blend ratio is 33% ANFO, 77% emulsion.
7. Dr460 average rotary speed is 20rpm for ore material and 70 rpm for waste
material
 Devil Creek Tin Mine Operation
Background and Assumption
Individual total
operating hours days shifts/day hours/shift hours/year
Total working Assumption
time in theory 208 1 12 2496 working 4 days, take 3 days break
Christmas break 6 1 12 72 Christmas break 6 days
Public holiday 15 1 12 180
Public holiday 15 days/year
Weather 50 1 12 600
Annual leave 21 1 12 252 Bad weather 50 days/year
Operating Annual leave 21 days/year/person
utilization(15%) 208 1 12 374.4 Workers operating utilization @15%
operating Equipment maintanence time 18 days/year
hours 1017.6 Equipment repairing 8 days/year
Equipment operating utilization @10%
12 hours per shift
Worker :1 shift per day
Equipment total
Equipment: 2 shift per day
operating hours days shifts/day hours/shift hours/year
Total working
time in theory 365 2 12 8760
Maintanence 18 2 12 432
Christmas break 6 2 12 144
Weather 50 2 12 1200
Equipment
Repairng 8 2 12 192
Operating
utilization(10%) 365 2 12 876
operating
hours 5916
 Overview of Drill and Blast Design
Major Factors needed to be considered:    Uncontrollable Variables:
Controllable variables:
Physical-mechanical properties of ore and waste:
UCS for ore is 177Mpa, waste is 87Mpa
Burden distance
Ground water:

Spacing of the hole 15% of all blasting has to deal with ground water
Weather:
Subgrade drilling
Affect total operating time : 5897hous

Stemming Pit geometry:

We assume the bench angle is 65
Blast hole inclination:
25from vertical.
Powder factor:
Ore is 0.85kg/, waste is 0.35kg/
Production requirement
485/h
Detail of Blasting Design

 Powder
   Factor
 Powder factor is defined as the mass of explosive
divided by the volume of rock expressed in kg/m3.
 Powder factor =
 =
 (1) Exp Mass per metre =
 d = diameter (mm)
 p = density of explosive (g/cm3)
 (2) Exp Charge Length = Blast hole length (3) -
Stemming length
 (3) Note that blast holes drilled on an angle are longer
than blast holes drilled vertically (for the
 same Bench Height and Subdrill) and need to be
accounted for.
 Summary of Size of Blast

Blasthole Blasthole for

for Ore Waste Number of Year 1

Bench Height(m) 12 12
Required production per year(m^3/year) 2857142.9
Burden(m) 5.75 6.44
Spacing(m) 6.33 7.84 Waster removal per year(m^3) 6956521.739
Subgrade
Drilling(m) 1.73 1.96 Blasting Length for ore 3968.25
Length of blast
hole(m) 14.90 15.1 Blasting columns for ore 9
Stemming
Blasting rows for ore 690
Length(m) 5.175 9.8 Total blastinghole for ore 6542
Total times of shot for ore 150
Charge Length(m) 9.72 5.33 Number of holes per shot for ore 44
Breakage
volume(m^3) 436.43 605.88 Blasting Length for waste 9662
Yield of Blasting Columns for waste 8
Blasting rows for waste 1500
Breakage(m^3/m) 29.30 40.05 Total blastinghole 11482
Diameter(m) 0.25 0.30 Total times of shot 150
Number of holes per shot 77
SANDVIK Equipment Cost Analysis
 Sandvik Drill Equipment Model and General Cost

Material Hole Size Drill Model Drill Type Drilling Method Indicative Price RoW ($AU) Indicative Price Australia ($AU)
Ore 102 - 140mm DP1500i Boom Top Hammer $750,000 $825,000
Ore 152 - 200mm DR580 Boom Down Hole Hammer (DTH) $1,200,000 $1,400,000
Waste 200 - 229mm D45K Platform DTH $1,450,000 $2,800,000
Waste 200 - 229mm D50K Platform Rotary $1,450,000 $2,800,000
Waste 251mm - 311mm DR460 Platform Rotary $2,400,000 $4,300,000

 Annual waste ,ore production rate and the size of blasted area

Year Year1 Year2 Year3 Year4 Year5 Year6 Year7

Annual Waste(tonne) 16,000,000.00 17,000,000.00 18,000,000.00 19,000,000.00 20,000,000.00 21,000,000.00 22,000,000.00
Ore production(tonne) 8,000,000.00 8,000,000.00 8,000,000.00 8,000,000.00 8,000,000.00 8,000,000.00 8,000,000.00
Waste Volume(m^3) 6,956,521.74 7,391,304.35 7,826,086.96 8,260,869.57 8,695,652.17 9,130,434.78 9,565,217.39
Ore Volume(m^3) 2,857,142.86 6,071,428.57 6,428,571.43 6,785,714.29 7,142,857.14 7,500,000.00 7,857,142.86
Waste density t/BCM 2.3
Ore density t/BCM 2.8
 SANDVIK Equipment Cost Analysis
 1 units is 1 engine hour
 Best option is DR460 for both ore and waste One Engine Hour Cost$

250 223.5
Equipment maintenance cost $

Average cost per engine hour

181.43 189.22
1117497.28 200 166.08
1200000 952304.92
Average cost per year

907165.39
1000000 830413.6 150
99.35
800000
496747.92 100
600000
400000 50
200000
0 0
D45KS-HP D50ki-LP DP1500i DR460 DR580 D45KS-HP D50ki-LP DP1500i DR460 DR580

Type of drilling machine Type of drilling meachine

Labours hour Downtime hours

1194.41 1194.41 964.89
1200 980
1190 960 930.41
1180 1169.52 940
1160.63 920 891.6
1170
Hours

876.99

Hours
1160 1149.89 900
880 857.12
1150
1140 860
1130 840
1120 820
D45KS-HP D50ki-LP DP1500i DR460 DR580 800
D45KS-HP D50ki-LP DP1500i DR460 DR580
Type of drilling machine
Type of drilling machine
Number of Drills Required
 Assuming the average rotation speed of DR460 is 20 rpm for ore drilling, and 70 rpm for waste drilling given the
geological conditions
Ore drilling Year 0 Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7
Average rotation speed ( = 20 rpm) 15.7 15.7 15.7 15.7 15.7 15.7 15.7 15.7
Drilling time per hole (min) 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
Adjusting time per hole (min) 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total time per hole (min) 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5
Number of holes per drill per day 293.1 286.9 293.1 293.1 293.1 293.1 293.1 293.1
Number of holes per drill per year 72015.97 70499.49 72015.97 72015.97 72015.97 72015.97 72015.97 72015.97
Number of drills required 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09

 Number of drills required for ore drilling = 1

Waste drilling Year 0 Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7
Average rotation speed ( = 70 rpm) 66.0 66.0 66.0 66.0 66.0 66.0 66.0 66.0
Drilling time per hole (min) 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06
Adjusting time per hole (min) 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total time per hole (min) 2.06 2.06 2.06 2.06 2.06 2.06 2.06 2.06
Number of holes per drill per day 349.0 349.0 349.0 349.0 349.0 349.0 349.0 349.0
Number of holes per drill per year 85743.29 85743.29 85743.29 85743.29 85743.29 85743.29 85743.29 85743.29
Number of drills required 0.84 0.82 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84

Number of drills required for waste drilling = 1

Explosives required
 Given that 15% of all blasting has to deal with ground water, hence assume 15% of ore
drilling use emulsions and 15% of waste drilling use heavy ANFO.

Total explosives Year 0 Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7
required
(tonnes)
Emulsions 145.7 145.7 145.7 145.7 145.7 145.7 145.7 145.7
HANFO Blend 516.7 545.7 571.6 600.7 626.5 655.6 681.4 710.4
ANFO 2372.9 2476.5 2568.7 2672.6 2764.8 2868.6 2960.8 3064.4
 Explosive Trucks required
 Truck Model: Tread Corporation Unibody 3216

 Hence one Unibody 3216 will be purchased for emulsions and HANFO charging, and another
Unibody 3216 will be purchased for ANFO charging only.
Initiation system and stemming
 Initiation system:
 85% of ore and waste (dry) - Electric Detonators Orica Electrics Instantaneous II
 15% of ore and waste (wet) – Orica Exel Millisecond (MS) Detonators DMM12.12U
 Orica Cordtex Detonating Cord CC5WCL
 Orica Pentex Booster PPH150PH

 Stemming material:
 In order to save the cost, and for safety reason, it is decided to use the ground material for
stemming.
2D Bench (V shape example)
 Ore

 Waste
Reference
 Australian Drilling Industry Training Committee Ltd, 1999. Research priorities [online]. Available from: <http://www.google.com/url?
sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CB0QFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fvital.new.voced.edu.au%2Fvital%2Faccess%2Fservices
%2FDownload%2Fngv%3A6929%2FSOURCE2&ei=W6cRVJ2yFY3kuQTgpoC4Dw&usg=AFQjCNHfhqLSSVYHGDALCLu8eKsuuogGtA&bvm=bv.74894050,d.c2E > [Accessed: 15
August 2014].
 Faramarzi, F, Mansouri, H and Ebrahimi, F, 2013. A rock engineering systems based model to predict rock fragmentation, International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining
Sciences, 60(14):82-94.
 Gokhale, B V, 2011. Rotary drilling and blasting in large surface mines. (Leiden: The Netherlands).
 Hudaverdi, T, Kuzu, C and Fisne, A, 2012. Investigation of the blast fragmentation u sing the mean fragment, International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining Sciences,
56(12) 136-145.
 Kojovic, T, 2005. Influence of aggregate stemming in blasting on the SAG mill performance, Minerals Engineering, 18(7): 1398-1404.
 Olivier, M, 2007. Blast Design Formulas. Research priorities [online]. Available from: <http://www.scribd.com/doc/21229/Blast-Design-Formulas> [Accessed: 15 August
2014].
 Ozkahraman, H, T, 2006. Fragmentation assessment and design of blast pattern at Goltas Limestone Quarry, Turkey, International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining
Sciences, 43(9):628-633.
 Sandvik, 2013. Research priorities [online]. Available from:
<http://www.miningandconstruction.sandvik.com/sandvik/0120/Internet/Poland/s004949.nsf/GenerateTopFrameset?ReadForm&menu=&view=http
%3A//www.miningandconstruction.sandvik.com/sandvik/0120/Internet/Poland/S004947.nsf/Alldocs/Products*5CDrill*rigs*and*rock*drills*5CRotary*blasthole*rigs*2A
D45KS&banner=/sandvik/0120/Internet/Poland/s004949.nsf/LookupAdm/BannerForm%3FOpenDocument> [Accessed: 15 August 2014].
 Sandvik, 2013. Research priorities [online]. Available from:
<http://www.miningandconstruction.sandvik.com/sandvik/0120/Internet/Poland/s004949.nsf/GenerateTopFrameset?ReadForm&menu=&view=http
%3A//www.miningandconstruction.sandvik.com/sandvik/0120/Internet/Poland/S004947.nsf/Alldocs/Products*5CDrill*rigs*and*rock*drills*5CSurface*tophammer*drill*
rigs*2ADP1500&banner=/sandvik/0120/Internet/Poland/s004949.nsf/LookupAdm/BannerForm%3FOpenDocument> [Accessed: 15 August 2014].
 Sandvik, 2013. Research priorities [online]. Available from: <http://www.hpe-as.dk/media(1653,1030)/DR460.pdf > [Accessed: 15 August 2014].
 Talhi, K and Bensaker, B, 2003. Design of a model blasting system to measure peak p-wave stress, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 23(03):513-519.
 Ozkahraman, H, T, 2006. Fragmentation assessment and design of blast pattern at Goltas Limestone Quarry, Turkey, International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining
Sciences, 43(9):628-633.
Question ?