HORIZONTAL VESSELS
DRUMS
Lesson Objectives:
1. KNOW THE BASIC MECHANICAL
FUNCTION OF HORIZONTAL VESSELS.
2. KNOW HOW TO CALCULATE AND
FILL OUT THE FLUOR STANDARD
NOZZLE TABLE.
3. KNOW HOW TO SHOW NOZZLES
AND RELATED CALLOUTS ON THE
PIPING ISOMETRIC AND PLAN
DRAWINGS.
3. BECOME FAMILIAR WITH GENERAL
LAYOUT PRINCIPLES.
HORIZONTAL VESSEL OR
ACCUMULATOR
Definition:
A drum located in horizontal position
with usually no internal parts.
Used to collect the overhead product
from a fractionating tower.
The overhead product is condensed
and is transmitted back to the
fractionation tower from which the
fraction came. This liquid is referred to
as the reflux.
HORIZONTAL VESSEL OR
ACCUMULATOR
Definition (cont.):
The reflux is also pumped out for
further processing or sent to
storage.
The vapor product is also further
processed.
HORIZONTAL DRUM on PFD:
HORIZONTAL VESSEL
(ACCUMULATOR)
NOZZLES NAMES:
TYPICAL HORIZONTAL REFLUX
DRUM
VAPOR OUT
VESSEL NOZZLE NOMENCLATURE:
Fluor uses a
system of
nozzle names
to make it
easier to
identify the
nozzles.
These names
indicate the
nozzle
function.
DRUM MINIMUM HEIGHT
REQUIREMENT SHOWN ON P&ID
INSIDE BOTTOM
OF VESSEL
SET BY
HPFS PROCESS
SAMPLE:
SADDLE-SUPPORTED DRUM
DRUM ELEVATION SKETCH:
See Piping Design Guide for Complete Instructions
Drum
Locations
in an
Enclosed
Chemical
Plant
Structure
HORIZONTAL DRUM
SHOWN on PIPING PLAN
VESSEL LOCATION
VESSEL HEADLINE DISTANCE FROM THE
PIPEWAY IS STABLISHED BY THE UNIT
SUPERVISOR AND IS SHOWN ON THE PLOT
PLAN.
THE LOCATING COORDINATE IN THE OTHER
DIRECTION MIGHT NOT BE ESTABLISHED
FOR SOME TIME. SEVERAL STUDIES IN THE
ADJACENT AREAS WILL HAVE TO BE DONE
BEFORE WE CAN ESTABLISH COORDINATES
FOR OUR L.C.P. (LOCATION CONTROL PLAN)
NOZZLE BLOCK CHART
NOZZLE BLOCK CHART FOR
DRUMS
1. NUMBER OR DESCRIPTION
Nozzle connection will be identified by alpha
numeric system. (See Vessel Nozzle Symbols)
2. SIZE AND RATING
3. ELEVATION
4. CENTERLINE COORDINATE
The centerline coordinate of the nozzle.
NOZZLE BLOCK CHART FOR DRUMS
NOZZLE BLOCK CHART
NUMBER SIZE CENTERLINE CENTERLINE COORDINATE
EQUIPM. OR AND ELEVATION (OR AS NOTED)
DESCRIPTION RATING (OR AS NOTED) NORTH EAST
ELLIPTICAL
HEAD
STEPS TO ACCOMPLISH
HORIZONTAL VESSEL STUDY
Update your flow diagram from “MASTER”
Compare vessel outline to flow diagram
Vessel I.D.
Tangent to tangent dimension
N.L.L
Size, rating and quantity of nozzles
Calculate elevations
Centerline of vessel based on minimum height on flow
diagram
Process nozzles based on vessel outline
Verify or set instrument nozzles based on flow diagram and
instrument standard drawing
Determine what items require platform or ladder access
Study piping transposition
VESSEL ORIENTATION
A VESSEL ORIENTATION WILL DETERMINE
THE LOCATION AND ORIENTATION OF:
PIPING EQUIPMENT CONNECTIONS
INSTRUMENT CONNECTIONS
MANHOLES AND VENTS
LADDERS AND PLATFORMS - size & height
ANCHORED SUPPORT
ROUTING AND SUPPORT OF PIPING TO
AND FROM NOZZLES
INFORMATION REQUIRED TO START
ORIENTATION
INFORMATION SOURCE
Flow Diagrams Piping Design Supervisor or Roller Board
Job Specifications, Drafting Room Piping Design Supervisor and Fluor
Instructions and Standards Daniel Standards, Job Book
Project Manager, Design Coordinator or
Preliminary Job Information
Piping Design Supervisor
Flow Diagram Transposition (not provided
Piping Design Supervisor
in this lesson)
Vessel Design Supervisor or Piping
Vessel Drawing or Vessel Quote Drawing
Design Supervisor
Drum Height Flow Diagram or Process Engineer
Process Nozzle Elevations Vessel Drawing or Process Engineer
Normal Liquid Level and Other Liquid Vessel Drawing, Flow Diagram or Process
Levels Engineer
Vessel Drawing, Process or Instrument
Instrument Nozzle Elevations
Engineer, Instrument Standard Drawings
Customer via Project Manager, Design
Customer Requirements Coordinator and Piping Design
Supervisor
Plot Plan piping designer supervisor
HORIZONTAL VESSEL
ORIENTATION GUIDELINES
GENERALLY, VESSEL AND NOZZLE
ORIENTATION SHOULD BE AS FOLLOWS:
Vent is located at the opposite end of
the vessel from the steam out and a
maximum distance away.
HORIZONTAL VESSEL
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
• Normal Manhole
PLAN VIEW location if
platforms are not
required.
• Locate below vessel
centerline if this
eliminates a ladder and
platform.
When platforms are
required, manholes shall
be so located that a
common platform services
manholes, valves, and
instruments.
REFERENCE: PRACTICE # 000 250 2650
PLAN VIEW
REFERENCE: PRACTICE # 000 250 2650
• Normal Manhole location if
platforms are not required.
• Locate below vessel centerline if this
REFERENCE: eliminates a ladder and platform. Platforms shall
PRACTICE # 000 250 2650 be furnished for
manholes
having
centerline more
than 15’-0”
above H.P.F.S.
When platforms are required,
manholes shall be so located
ELEVATION that a common platform
services manholes, valves,
and instruments.
ELEVATION BOTTOMS OUT
NOZZLES- If
connecting piping
interferes with
normal clearance
and if process
conditions permit,
a syphon type
bottoms out
nozzle may be
used.
(Refer to
000 258 4050)
REFERENCE: PRACTICE # 000 250 2650
ELEVATION
REFERENCE: PRACTICE # 000 250 2650
ELEVATION
REFERENCE: PRACTICE # 000 250 2650
LADDERS AND PLATFORMS
LADDERS AND PLATFORMS
VIEWS
HORIZONTAL DRUM
REFERENCE: Shell Goal Venture - Geismar Plant
HORIZONTAL DRUM
SIDE VIEW
HORIZONTAL DRUM
ARIAL VIEW
HORIZONTAL DRUM
FRONT VIEW
HORIZONTAL DRUM
FRONT VIEW
REFERENCES:
PRACTICES #
000.250.2650 - Vessel Layout and Orientation - Piping
000.250.2660 - Vessel Layout - Classification of Vessel
versus Pipe
000.250.50001- Instrument accessibility
