PUMPS

PUMPS
Lesson Objectives:
1. BECOME FAMILIAR WITH THE MORE
COMMONLY USED PUMPS, HOW THEY
OPERATE AND SOME OF THEIR USES.
2. LEARN THE TYPES OF PUMP DRIVERS.
3. LEARN TO DETERMINE WHERE PUMPS
SHOULD BE LOCATED.

3. TO FAMILIARIZE YOU WITH FLUOR

STANDARDS ON PUMPS AND DRIVERS
DEFINITION:

 THE PUMP IS A DEVICE USED

FOR MOVING A LIQUID OR GAS
BY MEANS OF SUCTION OR
PRESSURE FROM ONE
LOCATION TO ANOTHER
CLASSES OF PUMPS

 THERE ARE THREE BASIC

CLASSES FOR PUMPS:
 CENTRIFUGAL
 ROTARY
 RECIPROCATING
CLASSES OF PUMPS
 CENTRIFUGAL
Horizontal
Vertical
In-line Vertical
 ROTARY
Gear
Cam
Screw
 RECIPROCATING
Piston
Plunger (simplex and duplex)
Screw
CENTRIFUGAL

PUMPS
CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
 THIS PUMP USES CENTRIFUGAL
FORCE TO DEVELOP A PRESSURE
RISE FOR MOVING A COMMODITY.
It is normally
 THE COMMODITY IS FORCED BY more economical,
ATMOSPHERIC OR OTHER it has a low initial
PRESSURE, THROUGH THE cost with a low
SUCTION NOZZLE INTO A HIGH maintenance
SPEED IMPELLER. THE IMPELLER cost
SLINGS THE COMMODITY OUTWARD
THROUGH THE DISCHARGE NOZZLE.
 THIS PUMP IS A SMOOTH FLOW OR
NONPULSATING PUMP
 THE CENTRIFUGAL PUMP IS THE MOST
COMMONLY USED PUMP IN REFINERIES AND
CHEMICAL PLANTS TODAY.
CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS

Typical Horizontal Centrifugal Pump

CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS

Typical In-line Vertical Pump

CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS

Vertical Sump Pump

ROTARY

PUMPS
ROTARY PUMPS
 THE ROTARY PUMP IS USED FOR
MOVING A EXTREMELY HEAVY
COMMODITY SUCH AS GREASE, POSITIVE
ASPHALT AND HEAVY FUEL OILS. DISPLACEME
DISPLACEMEN NT
T
DEFINITION:
 THE ROTARY PUMP IS A POSITIVE A given quantity of
liquid is discharged
DISPLACEMENT PUMP for each revolution
of the shaft.
 THE ROTARY PUMP USES GEARS,
VANES, SCREWS, ETC. IN DISPLACING
THE LIQUID

 THE GEAR AND SCREW TYPE ARE THE

MOST COMMONLY USED
 ROTARY PUMPS ARE A SMOOTH FLOW
OR NONPULSATING PUMP.
ROTARY PUMPS
GEAR PUMPS
 THE GEAR PUMP HAS TWO GEARS.
DURING THE ROTATION OF THE PUMP
THE LIQUID FILLS THE SPACE BETWEEN THE
GEAR TEETH ON THE SUCTION SIDE.
FROM THERE IT IS CARRIED AROUND
AND SQUEEZED OUT AS THE TEETH
MESH ON THE DISCHARGE SIDE OF
THE PUMP.
ROTARY PUMPS
SCREW PUMPS
 THE LIQUID IS
DRAWN INTO THE PUMP
WHERE IT IS TRAPPED
IN POCKETS FORMED
BY THE THREADS.
IT IS MOVED ALONG TO
THE DISCHARGE
NOZZLE MUCH LIKE A
NUT ON A THREAD
RECIPROCATING

PUMPS
RECIPROCATING PUMPS
 THE RECIPROCATING PUMP IS ALSO A
POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT PUMP.
 THESE PUMPS ARE BASICALLY USED TO
INJECT ADDITIVES IN VERY SMALL AMOUNTS
AT VERY HIGH PRESSURES, SUCH AS
CHEMICAL INJECTION INTO VESSELS,
BOILERS, ETC.
 THE LIQUID IS DRAWN THROUGH THE
SUCTION NOZZLE INTO A CHAMBER BY
MEANS OF A PLUNGER OR PISTON.
AS THE PLUNGER MOVES FORWARD IT
PUSHES THE LIQUID OUT THE DISCHARGE
NOZZLE.
 DUE TO THE PISTON ACTION, THIS PUMP IS NOT
A SMOOTH FLOW PUMP AND HAS A PULSATING
FLOW.
RECIPROCATING PUMPS

RECIPROCATING PISTON TYPE PUMP

RECIPROCATING PUMPS

PLUNGER TYPE PUMP

PUMP DRIVERS
PUMP DRIVERS:
 THERE ARE TWO BASIC TYPES
OF PUMP DRIVERS:
ELECTRIC MOTOR
Electric motors are the most
commonly used
STEAM TURBINE
Next to the electric motor the steam
turbine is the most commonly used type
of driver.
Gas or oil can also be used as a
medium to drive the turbine.
PUMP DRIVERS

TYPICAL ELECTRICAL MOTOR PUMP DRIVER

PUMP DRIVERS

TYPICAL STEAM TURBINE PUMP DRIVER

REASONS FOR USING TURBINE
DRIVERS ARE:
 In case of electric power
failure (would be used for
backup or spare)
 In a explosive atmosphere
 Surplus steam makes
operating cost more
economical
 Where variable speeds are
necessary
PUMPS & NOZZLES
LOCATIONS
NOZZLE LOCATIONS
THIS IS TYPICAL
TOP-SUCTION, TOP TOP - TOP
DISCHARGE PUMP
WITH AN ELECTRIC
DRIVER.

AS YOU CAN SEE

THE PUMP AND
MOTOR ARE JOINED
TOGETHER WITH A
SHAFT AND IS
MOUNTED ON A
BASE PLATE. THE
PUMP IS THEN
MOUNTED ON A
CONCRETE
FOUNDATION.
NOZZLE LOCATIONS
FOR THE
ABOVEGROUND TOP - TOP
PIPING SYMBOL ALL
WE SHOW IS A
SIMPLE OUTLINE OF
THE PUMP
FOUNDATION
ALONG WITH THE
SUCTION AND
DISCHARGE
NOZZLES

PLAN VIEW:
DO NOT SHOW ANY
DETAIL OF THE
PUMP AND/OR
DRIVER ON THE
PIPING PLANS
NOZZLE LOCATIONS
THIS IS TYPICAL END-TOP
END SUCTION, TOP
DISCHARGE PUMP
WITH AN ELECTRIC
DRIVER.

AS YOU CAN SEE

THE PUMP AND
MOTOR ARE JOINED
TOGETHER WITH A
SHAFT AND IS
MOUNTED ON A
BASE PLATE. THE
PUMP IS THEN
MOUNTED ON A
CONCRETE
FOUNDATION.
NOZZLE LOCATIONS
FOR THE END-TOP
ABOVEGROUND
PIPING SYMBOL ALL
WE SHOW IS A
SIMPLE OUTLINE OF
THE PUMP
FOUNDATION
ALONG WITH THE
SUCTION AND
DISCHARGE
NOZZLES
PLAN VIEW:
DO NOT SHOW ANY
DETAIL OF THE
PUMP AND/OR
DRIVER ON THE
PIPING PLANS
NOZZLE
LOCATIONS
THIS IS TYPICAL
SIDE SUCTION, SIDE-SIDE
SIDE DISCHARGE
PUMP WITH AN
ELECTRIC DRIVER.

AS YOU CAN SEE

THE PUMP AND
MOTOR ARE JOINED
TOGETHER WITH A
SHAFT AND IS
MOUNTED ON A
BASE PLATE. THE
PUMP IS THEN
MOUNTED ON A
CONCRETE
FOUNDATION.
NOZZLE SIDE-SIDE
LOCATIONS
FOR THE
ABOVEGROUND
PIPING SYMBOL ALL
WE SHOW IS A
SIMPLE OUTLINE OF
THE PUMP
FOUNDATION
ALONG WITH THE
SUCTION AND
DISCHARGE
NOZZLES
PLAN VIEW:
DO NOT SHOW ANY
DETAIL OF THE
PUMP AND/OR
DRIVER ON THE
PIPING PLANS
PUMP LOCATION
 THE PUMP SHOULD BE LOCATED AS CLOSE AS
POSSIBLE TO THE SOURCE OF SUCTION
 THE MAIN REASON FOR THIS IS TO MINIMIZE
PRESSURE DROP. THIS KEEPS LINE SIZES AND
EQUIPMENT ELEVATIONS TO A MINIMUM
 DUE TO SUPPORT AVAILABITITY, MOST PUMPS
IN PROCESS AREAS ARE LOCATED UNDER THE
PIPEWAY
 VERTICAL OR HORIZONTAL VESSELS MUST BE
ELEVATED HIGH ENOUGH TO ALLOW PUMP
SUCTION LINES TO DROP FROM THE EQUIPMENT
TO THE PUMP WITHOUT POCKETS OR BLOCKING
PASSAGEWAYS
TYPICAL PUMP LOCATIONS
- PLAN VIEW -

REFERENCE: SPEC. 000.250.50001

PIPING
TO PLAN DRAWING:
TO IDENTIFY PUMPS ON PLAN
DRAWINGS CALL OUT :
 CENTERLINE OF PUMP
 CENTERLINE OF DISCHARGE NOZZLE

REFERENCE: SPEC. 000.250.50001

PUMP IDENTIFICATION
NOZZLE TABLES
NOZZLE BLOCK CHART
TABLULATES
ALL THE REQUIRED
PIPING AND
UTILITY
 GIVES SIZES AND RATING OF CONNECTIONS

THE CONNECTION
 LOCATES THE CONNECTIONS
BY CENTERLINE OR FACE
ELEVATION AND COORDINATES
 PIPING
ARRANGEMENT

•THE FOLLOWING SLIDES ARE PRESENTED AS AN

INTRODUCTION TO PIPING ARRANGEMENTS FOR
PUMP PIPING.
•IN DEPTH STUDIES WILL BE ADDRESSED IN LATER,
ADVANCED PIPING DESIGN CLASSES.
COMPONENTS OF A TYPICAL PUMP
SUCTION AND DISCHARGE PIPING SYSTEM
TYPICAL PIPING ARRANGEMENT
FOR CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
END SUCTION - TOP DISCHARGE

REFERENCE:
Practice # 000.250.2350
TYPICAL PIPING ARRANGEMENT
FOR CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
TOP SUCTION - TOP DISCHARGE

REFERENCE: Practice # 000.250.2350

TYPICAL PIPING ARRANGEMENT
FOR CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
SIDE SUCTION - SIDE DISCHARGE

REFERENCE: Practice # 000.250.2350

TYPICAL PIPING ARRANGEMENT
FOR CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
VERTICAL IN-LINE

REFERENCE: Practice # 000.250.2350

HANDWHEEL ORIENTATION
PREFERRED INSTALLATION

NOTE: ALTERNATE INSTALLATION MAY BE REQUIRED.

DEPENDING UPON JOB CRITERIA
HANDWHEEL ORIENTATION
ALTERNATE INSTALLATION

NOTE: ALTERNATE INSTALLATION MAY BE REQUIRED.

DEPENDING UPON JOB CRITERIA
 REDUCTION AT PUMP SUCTION

REFERENCE: Practice # 000.250.2351

STRAINERS
STRAINERS:
PERFORATED BASKET
TEMPORARY STRAINERS
PERFORATED CONICAL
TEMPORARY STRAINERS
FLAT PERFORATED STRAINERS
BATHTUB UNIT
TEMPORARY STRAINERS
VIEWS & PHOTOS
END Suction-TOP Discharge Pumps
FRONT VIEW
SIDE Suction - SIDE Discharge Pumps
FRONT VIEW
SIDE Suction - SIDE Discharge Pumps
AERIAL VIEW
SIDE Suction - SIDE Discharge Pumps
AERIAL VIEW
END Suction - TOP Discharge Pumps
PIPING ARRANGEMENT - FRONT VIEW
VERTICAL and SIDE-TOP PUMPS
PIPING ARRANGEMENT - SIDE VIEW
 VERTICAL PUMPS
PIPING ARRANGEMENT - FRONT VIEW
 VERTICAL PUMPS
PIPING ARRANGEMENT - ISO VIEW
 HORIZONTAL PUMP
END SUCTION - TOP DISCHARGE

REFERENCE: Shell Goal Venture - Geismar Plant

 HORIZONTAL PUMP
BACK VIEW

REFERENCE: Shell Goal Venture - Geismar Plant

 REFERENCES:
PRACTICES #

000.250.2040 - Typical Unit Plot Arrangement

000.250.2350 - Typical arrangement for Centrifugal
Pumps
000.250.2351 - Reduction at Pump Suction
000.250.2352 - Pump Piping (Steam) Turbines and
Reciprocating Pumps
000.250.2353 - Miscellaneous Pump Piping
000.250.2360 - Strainers, Pump Suction, Conical