LESSON # 3:

HOW A SOCIETY IS ORGANIZED

PREPARED BY: GROUP 5
A social group is a collection of people
who interact with each other and share
similar characteristics and a sense of unity
Interdependence is a process of social interaction
where certain common goals are established with
other people in such a way that each person’s
results are affected by the actions of the others. In
some cases, and particularly in working groups,
interdependence involves the need to work
together to successfully accomplish a task.

Example: Individuals playing baseball are

dependent upon each other to be able to play the
game and also to play well.
A social aggregate is a collection of people who
are in the same place, but do not interact or share
the same characteristics.

Example: People who are riding in a bus.

 SOCIAL
1. 2. GROUPS
3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

PRIMARY SECONDARY SELF- REFERENCE

CATEGORIZATION IN-GROUP OUT-GROUP Network
GROUP GROUP THEORY GROUP
Primary Group
- typically a small social group
in which individuals intimately
interact and cooperate over a
long period of time.

- these groups are marked by

primary relationships in which
communication is informal.
Examples: Family, friends, church
mates, classmates
Secondary Group
- large groups whose
relationships are impersonal
and goal oriented; their
relationships are temporary.

- these groups are marked by

secondary relationships in which
communication is formal.
Examples: stockbroker-client relationship,
employer-employee relationship
Self-categorization
Theory
- it seeks to understand and
explain the processes by which
people form cognitive
representations of themselves
and others in relation to
different social groups.
In-group
- a group that you associate
yourself with
- a social group to which an
individual feels he or she
belongs
Example: sports team,
academic and non-
academic clubs
Out-group
- a group in which an individual
doesn’t belong or identify with
Example: Friends of friends, other
sections, other club groups
Reference Group
- any group that individuals use
as a standard for evaluating
themselves and their own
behaviour.
Example: Primary groups, In-groups
Network
- a social structure between actors,
connecting them through various
social familiarities, ranging from casual
acquaintance to close familial bonds.
Example: Facebook, Messenger, Twitter,
Instagram Friends
AND THAT’S IT!
THANK YOU!