Solving Quadratic Equation by

Completing the Square

 Com
plet
in g
the
S qua
re

AIM
… is to write a quadratic equation as a “perfect square” trinomial.
What is the factor of these equations?

Perfect Square Trinomial Square of Binomials

 x2 + 18x + 81 = (x+9)(x+9) = (x+9)2

 x2 - 24x +144 = (x+12)(x-12) = (x-12)2

 x2 + 16x + 64 = (x+8)(x+8) = (x+8)2

Express each Perfect Square Trinomial as Square of Binomials.

x2 + 4x + 4 = (x+2)2

t2 + 12t + 36 = (t+6)2

s2 - 10x + 25
= (s-5) 2
 The Perfect
Square Connection

For a perfect square, the following relationships will always be true …

x2 + 18x + 81

Half of these values squared … are these values

x2 - 24x + 144
 The Perfect Square Connection
The constant term is missing, can you predict what it might be?

x2 + 14x + ____
49

x + 12x + ____
2 36

169
x2 + 26x + ____

x2 + 2x + ____
1
1
x2 + x + ____
4
 Solving Quadratic Equation by
Completing the Square
x + 8x -20 = 0
2

Isolate the constant. x + 8x = 20

2

Find the term that completes the square and add

the same amount added to make the equation balance. x + 8x + 16 = 20 + 16
2

Express the Perfect Square Trinomial as Square of

Binomial (x+4) = 36 2

Solve by Extracting of Square Roots

√(x+4) =√36
2
X + 4 = ±6
Make the “x” solo
x = ±6 – 4
Set-up the two possibilities
x1 = 6-4| x2 = -6-4
x1 = 2 | x2 = -10
 Solving Quadratic Equation by
Completing the Square
x + 4x -5 = 0
2

Isolate the constant. x + 4x = 5

2

Find the term that completes the square and add

the same amount added to make the equation balance. x + 4x+ 4 = 5 + 4
2

Express the Perfect Square Trinomial as Square of

Binomial (x+2) = 9
2

Solve by Extracting of Square Roots

√(x+2) =√9
2
X + 2 = ±3
Make the “x” solo
x = ±3 – 2
Set-up the two possibilities
x1 = 3-2| x2 = -3-2
x1 = 1 | x2 = -5
 Solving Quadratic Equation by
Completing the Square
x - 4x + 4 -12 = 0
2

Combine like terms and isolate the constant. x - 4x = 8

2

Find the term that completes the square and add

the same amount added to make the equation balance. x -4x+ 4 = 8 + 4
2

Express the Perfect Square Trinomial as Square of

Binomial
(x-2) = 12 2

Solve by Extracting of Square Roots √(x-2) = √12

2
(x-2) = ± √12
Make the “x” solo. Get the greatest perfect factor. x = ± √4 √3 + 2

Set-up the two possibilities x = ± 2 √3 + 2

x1 = 2 √3 + 2| x2 = -2√3 + 2
 x + 3x -18 = 0
2

TRY THIS YOURSELF

. x1 = 3| x2 = -6
 Solving Quadratic Equation by
Completing the Square
2x + 4x -16 = 0
2

Isolate the constant and eliminate the coefficient of the

quadratic term.
2x + 4x = 16
2

2 2
Find the term that completes the square and add
the same amount added to make the equation balance. x + 2x + 1= 8 + 1
2

Express the Perfect Square Trinomial as Square of

Binomial
(x+1) = 9
2

Solve by Extracting of Square Roots

√(x+1) = √9
2 x+1 = ±3
Make the “x” solo x = ±3-1

Set-up the two possibilities x1 = 3-1| x2 = -3-1

x1 = 2 | x2 = -4
 4x - 8x -32 = 0
2

TRY THIS YOURSELF

x1 = 4| x2 = -2
 4x + 16x -9 = 0
2

TRY THIS YOURSELF

x1 = 1| x2 = -9
2 2
 END OF PRESENTATION

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YOU FOR LISTENING…