MR. ADRYAN J.

VALIAO
 WEEK FIVE
Day 1, July 15, 2019
At the end of the lesson, the learners will be able to
1. Define weathering and distinguish its different
types;
2. Identify the factors that affect the rate of
weathering;
3. Realize the importance and contributions of it
in transforming the planet and its surface.
EXOGENIC PROCESSES
Are processes that
take place at or near
the earth’s surface that
makes the surface
wear away.
EXOGENIC PROCESSES
These are very
destructive. They are
responsible for
degradation and
sculpting of the earth’s
surface.
TYPES OF EXOGENIC PROCESSES
1. Weathering
2. Mass
Wasting
3. Soil Erosion
ROCK
JOINTS
WEATHERING
A process that cause
rocks to disintegrate
physically and decompose
chemically because of
exposure to elements of
weather such as
temperature, rainfall, frost,
fog and ice.
WEATHERING
In addition, the
weathered material lies
at its original position.
There is no
transportation or
movement other than
gravity.
1. PHYSICAL WEATHERING
Happens whenever
rocks are broken
into smaller
fragments without
any chemical
change in their
1. PHYSICAL WEATHERING
This is also called as
mechanical weathering.
1. Physical
Weathering
a. Block
disintegration
b. Exfoliation
A. BLOCK DISINTEGRATION
A successive heating
and cooling which
causes the
expansion and
contraction of rocks.
A. BLOCK DISINTEGRATION
In hot desert regions,
day temperatures are
very high while nights
are very cold. Because
of these two extremes,
the rocks disintegrate
into smaller blocks.
B. EXFOLIATION
This results because of
the intense heating of the
rock’s outer layers. Since
rocks are poor conductors
of heat, the inner layer
remain unaffected by heat.
B. EXFOLIATION
Due to
successive
expansion and
contraction, the
outer layers if the
rock subsequently
peel off.
C. FROST ACTION
Happens in cold
climates.
The alternate freezing
and melting of water
inside the joins of the
rocks, split them into
fragments.
C. FROST ACTION
2. CHEMICAL WEATHERING
Gives way to
formation of new
compounds or
formation of new
substances.
Involves chemical
change.
2. CHEMICAL WEATHERING
TYPES OF CHEMICAL
W. 2. Chemical
Weathering
a. Oxidation
b. Carbonation
c. Hydration
d. Solution
A. OXIDATION
The process in which
atmospheric oxygen
reacts with the rock to
produce oxides. The
greatest impacts of
this process is
observed on ferrous
(iron) minerals.
B. CARBONATION
The process by which
various types of
carbonates are
formed. Some of the
carbonates are
soluble in water.
B. CARBONATION
For example, when
rainwater containing
carbon dioxide passes
through previous
limestone rocks, the rock
joints enlarge due to the
action of carbonic acid.
B. CARBONATION
C. HYDRATION
The process by which
water is absorbed by the
minerals of the rocks.
Due to the absorption of
water by the rock, its
volume increases and the
grains lose their shape.
C. HYDRATION
D. SOLUTION
The process in which
some of the minerals
get dissolved in
They are therefore
water.
removed in solution.
Rock salt are removed
through this process.
3. BIOTIC
WEATHERING 3. Biotic Weathering
a. Plants
b. Burrowing of
Animals
c. Human
Activity
A. PLANTS
The roots of the plants
grow longer and thicker.
In this manner they exert
pressure on rocks and the
rock joins are thereby
enlarged and broken into
smaller fragments.
2. BURROWING OF ANIMALS
Animals like earthworms,
rats, rabbits, termites and
ants breakdown the rocks.
These disintegrated rocks
can easily be eroded by
wind, etc.
2. BURROWING OF ANIMALS

Hooves of animals break the

soil
2. BURROWING OF ANIMALS
The role of earthworms and
termites is of special
significance. According to
scientists, there is a possibility
of occurrence of about 150,000
earthworms in an acre and they
can convert 10 to 15 tons of
rock mass into good soil and
bring it to the surface.
3. HUMAN ACTIVITIES
Man breaks a
large amount of
rocks in the
course of his
activities like
agriculture,
construction and
mining.
3. HUMAN ACTIVITIES
WEATHERING FACTORS
MASS MOVEMENT VIDEO (YouTube)
EVALUATION ASSIGNMENT
IN A ONE-FOURTH SIZE PAPER
List at least five (5) everyday
examples of weathering. Identify
and explain whether these
everyday occurrences show
physical or chemical weathering
 WEEK FIVE
Day 2, July 17, 2019
At the end of the lesson, the learners will be able to
1. Identify the controls and triggers of mass
wasting
2. Distinguish between different mass wasting
processes
3. Identify the different agents of erosion
4. Describe characteristic surface features
and landforms created and the processes
Exogenic
Processes: Mass
Wasting
Learning Targets : Identify the controls and
triggers of mass wasting
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwiUjPf37LjjAhUDK6YKHSgoC3kQjRx6BAgBEAU&url=https%3A%2F%2
Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D8N4bCX-Cs2M&psig=AOvVaw2ZBOCc9GTUVvkr0_0xgjHt&ust=1563346295252122
 MASS WASTING
Mass Wasting refers to the
downslope movement of
rock and soil under the
influence of gravity.
This is a result of Earth’s
surface not being flat
but instead consisting of
slopes.
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwiCguWz7bjjAhWKwZQKHeyFCDEQjRx6BAgBEAU&url=http%3A%2F%2Fblog.auntbugs.com%2F
2010%2F03%2Fnorth-carolina-tennessee-rock-slide.html&psig=AOvVaw2ZBOCc9GTUVvkr0_0xgjHt&ust=1563346295252122
MASS WASTING
Mass Wasting is a natural process and
is considered a natural hazard.
This process becomes
natural disaster when it
leads to loss of life &
property.
TYPES OF MASS WASTING
Controlled and
triggered by
moisture (water)
and speed (rate).
The saturation of
water destroys
the cohesion of
rock particles
causing them to
TRIGGERS OF MASS WASTING
Learning Experience
As a student what
will you do to prevent
uncontrolled mass
wasting?
Types of Mass
Wasting
Learning Targets : Distinguish between
different mass wasting processes
TYPES OF MASS WASTING
Based on the type of motion, mass wasting could
be
generally classified as the following:
1. Fall – the free-fall movement of detached
individual pieces of rocks.
2. Slides – occur whenever rock materials remain
fairly coherent and move along a well-defined
surface.
3. Flow – when rock materials are saturated with
water to move downslope as a viscous fluid.
ROCK FALL
The abrupt
movement and
free-fall of
loosened
blocks of solid
rock.
LANDSLIDE
The movement
of rock, debris
of earth down a
slope.
SLUMP Results in the
sliding of
coherent rock
materials
along a curved
surface/
MUD FLOW (LAHAR)
Involves very rapid
to extremely rapid
surging flow of
debris that has
become partially or
fully liquified by the
addition of significant
amounts of water to
the source material.
EARTH FLOW
Usually starts as
slump.
is a downslope flow
of viscous fine-
grained materials
that have been
saturated by water
with the influence
of gravity.
SOLIFLUCTION
Slow
downhill
flow of
soil.
CREEP
Slow and
gradual
movement
of soil
downhill
over time.
Learning Experience
Compare and contrast the three
different mass wasting processes.
Exogenic
Processes: Erosion
Learning Targets : Identify the
different agents of erosion
SOIL EROSION
Is the removal
and transport of
soil at a greater
rate that its
replacement by
natural agencies
(water, wind,
etc.)
WEATHERING VS. EROSION
Changes the shape of coastlines.
Waves constantly crush against
shores. They pound rocks into
pebbles and reduce them to
sand.
Can erode the land in frigid areas
and on some mountaintops. As
the ice moves or melts, it pick up
everything in their path from tiny
grains of sand to boulders.
Carries dust, sand and
volcanic ash from one place to
another. Wind can sometimes
blow sand into towering
domes.
Gravity pulls any loose bits
down the side of a hill or
mountain.
Gravity erosion is also known as
Mass Movement.
Learning Experience

What type of erosion according to

agents mostly occurs in the
Philippines? Site an event that shows
when and where it happened.