2130607- BUILDIND

CONSTUCTION
B.E. CIVIL SEMESTER –III
Building Construction
Special Treatment for
Buildings
Content
 Introduction
 Fire Protection
 Water Resistant
Construction
 Thermal Insulation
 Acoustical Construction
 Anti Termite Treatment
Introduction
Normally the structural engineer design the building
to carry various loads acting on it safely without failure
the various components of building including
foundation is taken extreme care while designing in
construction stages.
However for safety and comfort of the occupants, a
building must be given some additional treatments,
these treatments are called special treatments.
Fire Protection - General
The following facts in connection with fire protection
in building should be remembered:
 It’s too expensive to make all the building fully
protected against fire.
 It doesn’t necessarily follow that a none combustible
material possesses more power to resist fire.
 The main purpose of making a building fire
resistant is to protect life, goods, and activities
within the building
 The degree of fire resistance required will largely
depend on the use of building
 In case of fire hazard, the danger is from fire, smoke
and panic.
 The means of scape from fire should be located in
such away that they remain unobstructed by
smoke or fumes
Causes Of Fire
 Smoking is unauthorized places
 Electrical faulty of wiring and short
circuiting
 Heating and cooking equipments
 Playing with matches
 Open flame and sparks
 Flammable liquids
 Chimneys
 Lighting
 Spontaneous combustion
Effects Of Fire
Carbon Monoxide(CO)
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
Hydrogen
Sulphide(H2S)
Nitrogen Sulphide (NS)
Fire Hazard
The nature of damages and dangers caused
by fire can be broadly divided into three
types:
1. Personal Hazard
2. Damage Hazard
3. Exposure Hazard
Personal Hazard
 It is the hazard to the occupants of
the
building. This danger can be taken care of
by providing adequate means of escape for
the occupants, so that they can reach the
place of safety in the shortest possible time
in the event of the fire.
Damage Hazard
 The hazard to the structure and its contents
and components is called damage hazard
Exposure Hazard
 The hazard due to the spread of fire to other buildings
is called exposure hazards.
Water Resistant Construction (Damp
Proofing)
Causes of dampness:
1. Rising of moisture from the ground
2. Action of rain
3. Rain penetration from top of walls
4. Condensation
5. Miscellaneous causes
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Materials Used For Damp Proofing
1. Hot Bitumen
2. Mastic Asphalt
3. Bituminous felts
4. Metal Sheets
5. Stone
6. Bricks
7. Mortar
8. Cement
Concrete
9. Plastic Sheets
Thermal Insulation
 The term thermal insulation is used to indicate the
construction or provisions by way of which
transmission of heat from or in the room is retarded.
Advantages Of Thermal Insolation
1. Comfort
2. Fuel Saving
3. Preventation of condensation
4. Water system
Thermal Insulating Materials
1. Slab or block insulation
2. Blanket insulation
3. Loose fill insulation
4. Bat insulating materials
5. Insulating boards
6. Refective sheet materials
7. Light weight materials
Acoustical Construction
The knowledge of acoustics is necessary for the proper
functional design:
1. Theatres
2. Cinema halls
3. Auditoriums
4. Conference
halls
5. Hospitals, etc
Characteristics Of Audible Sounds
Intensity andloudness
Frequency and pitch
Quality or tone
Requirements of a good acoustic material
It should have high coefficient of absorption.
It should be relatively cheap and available.
It should give pleasing apperance.
It should be efficient.
It should be fire resistant.
It should be self supporting.
It should have sufficient structural strength.
It should be heat insulating material.
It should not be liable to attack by
It should insects. be durable.
Anti-Termite Treatment
The term termite
proofing is used to
indicate the treatment
which is given to a
building so as to
prevent the growth of
termite in a building.
 Anti Termite can be divided into two categories:

A)Pre construction treatment

1. Site preparation
2. Soil treatment
3. Structural barriers
B)Post construction treatment
References :
 Building Construction (Dr. R.P.
Rethaliya)
 www.Wikipedia.com
Thank You