Child Study

Educ 127

Social and Emotional Development

 • Psycho-Social Learning Theory
Social and
• Social Learning Theory
Emotional • Kohlberg Moral Development Theory
Development
Psycho-social Theory

• This theory was advocated by Erik Erickson, who identified Eight

Basic Developmental Stages that individual has to pass through in his
life. Each of these stages has a specific psychosocial crises that affects
the development of the child.
Albert Bandura’s Social Learning Theory

• Social Learning Theory focuses on the learning that occurs within a

social context. It considers that people learn from one another,
including such concepts as observational learning, imitation or
modelling.
LEVEL 1
PRE-CONVENTIONAL LEVEL
• Moral reasoning is based on the consequence/result of the act, not on
the whether the act itself is good or bad.

PUNISHMENT/ OBEDIENCE.
One is motivated by fear of punishment. He will act in order to avoid punishment.

MUTUAL BENEFIT.
One is motivated to act by the benefit that one may obtain later. You scratch my back, I’ll
scratch yours.
LEVEL 2
CONVENTIONAL
• Moral reasoning is based on the conventions or “norms” of society.
This may include approval of others, law and order.

SOCIAL APPROVAL.
One is motivated by what others expect in behavior- good boy, good girl. The person acts because
he/she values how he/she will appear to others. He/she gives importance on what people will think
or say.

LAW AND ORDER.

One is motivated to act in order to uphold law and order. The person will follow the law because it
is the law.
LEVEL 3
POST-CONVENTIONAL

• Moral reasoning is based on enduring or consistent principles. It is not

just recognizing the law, but the principles behind the law.

SOCIAL CONTRACT.
Laws that are wrong can be changed. One will act based on social justice and the common good.

UNIVERSAL PRINCIPLES.
This is associated with the development of one’s conscience. Having a set of standards that drives
one to possess moral responsibility to make societal changes regardless of consequences to oneself.
Examples of persons are Mother Teresa, Martin Luther King, Jr.