STAIRS

GROUP: 01
Farhan Shahriar - 1600061
Tanmoyee Sarker- 1600062
Hashinur Rahman Hamim- 1600063
Shahreen Ahmed Ria- 1600064
Mumtahina Rahnuma- 1600066
Submitted to-
Ashraful Imran
Lecturer
Dept. of Civil Engineering
Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology
STAIRS
•A stair may be defined as series of steps suitably arranged for the purpose of
connecting different floors of a building.

•A step is consist of a rise and a tread.

•Stairs may be made from various materials like timber, steel, bricks ,stones etc.
Technical Terms of
Stairs
 Technical Terms of stairs
 Step is a portion of a stairway comprising the tread and riser which permits ascent or descent
from one floor to another.

Tread is the horizontal upper part of a step on which foot is placed in ascending or descending
stairway.
Riser is the vertical portion of a step providing support to the tread.

Flight is a series of steps without an platform, break or landing in their direction.

Landing is a platform or resting place provided between two flights. A landing extending right
across a stair case is termed as half space landing and the one extending only half across a stair
case is called a quarter-space landing.
 Technical Terms of stairs
Nosing is the outer projecting edge of a tread. Nosing is usually rounded to give good
architectural effect to the treads and makes the stair-case easy to negotiate.
Line of Nosing is an imaginary line touching the nosing of each tread and is parallel to the slope
of the stair.
Winders are tapering steps which are provided for changing the direction of a stair.
Going of step is the run of a step in a stair or the width of the tread between two successive
treads.
 Technical Terms of stairs
Rise of steps is the vertical distance between the upper surface of the successive treads.
Soffit is the under surface of a stair.
Pitch or slope is the angle which the line of nosing of the stair makes with the horizontal.
Stringers are the sloping wooden members providing support for the steps.
Hand rails is provided to render assistance in negotiating a stairway. It is supported on
balustrades and usually run parallel to the slope of the stair.
Balustrade usually consists of a row of balusters surmounted by a rail and is provided to
perform the function of a fence or guard for the users of the stair-way.
 Technical Terms of stairs
Newel is a wooden or metallic post supporting the hand rail and is usually provided at the hand,
foot or at points where the balustrade changes its direction.

Head room or Head way is the clear vertical distance between the tread of a step and the soffit
of the flight immediately over it.
Technical Terms of stairs
CLASSIFICATION OF STAIRS
• Straight stairs
• Dog-legged stairs
• Open-newel stairs
• Geometric stairs
• Circular stairs
• Bifurcated stairs
STRAIGHT STAIRS
• In this form of stairs, all the steps
rise in a same direction.

• The most obvious use of the straight

stair is to form an access to
entrance, porch or portico.

• If the ascending is steep, the straight

flight may be broken an
intermediate land.
RUET ARCHITECTURE BUILDING
DOG-LEGGED STAIRS
• It consists of two straight flights of
steps with abrupt turn between
them.

• A landing is placed across two flights

at the change of direction.

• It is the most commonly used among

all kinds of stairs.

RUET CAFETERIA
OPEN-NEWEL
STAIRS
• It consist of two or more straight flights.

• It is provided when the width of stair

case hall becomes difficult to
accommodate the number of steps in
two flights.

• The intermediate short flight have 3 to 6

flights.

NEW MARKET
GEOMETRICAL
STAIRS
• This is similar to the open-newel stair
with the difference that the open
well between the forward and the
backward flight is curved.

• In this form of stairs, the change in

direction is obtained through
winders.

OLOKAR MOR
CIRCULAR STAIRS
• Circular stair is commonly provided
al the backside of a building for
rendering access to its various
floors for service purpose.

• Circular stairs are commonly

constructed in R.C.C. , cast iron or
stone.

INTERNET
BIFURCATED STAIRS
• This type of stair is provided in modern
public buildings.

• In this type of stairs , a wide flight is sub-

divided into narrow flights at a mid
landing.

RUET CAFETERIA
CLASSIFICATION OF STAIRS BY
MATERIALS
• WOODEN STAIRS
• STONE STAIRS
• STEEL STAIRS
• CAST-IRON STAIRS
• PLAIN CONCRETE OR REINFORCED CONCRETE STAIRS
• BRICK WORK OR REINFORCED BRICK STAIRS
WOODEN STAIRS
• Timber is mainly used for stairs
construction where fire- resistance is
not of much consideration.

• Timber stairs are cheap, easy in

construction and maintenance and
light in weight.

• The thickness of members is 5 cm.

OLOKAR MOR
STONE STAIRS
• Stone stairs made out of hard, strong,
resistant to wear stones are found to
be durable and fire resisting.

• Stone stairs require stable to avoid

the danger of damage due to
settlement of supporting walls.

• They are commonly constructed in

workshops, warehouses and other
public buildings.
HADIR MOR
STEEL STAIRS
• A steel staircase has a wonderful
and strong impact.

• This is a design that is both safe and

stylish.

• They are used in restricted factories

and godowns.

RUET WATER TANK

REINFORCED CONCRETE
STAIRS
• Reinforced concrete stairs
predominate the other stairs.

• R.C.C. Stairs can be molded in any

form.

• It has many advantages like

durability, strength, pleasure in
appearance, fire-resisting qualities.

NEW MARKET
REINFORCED BRICK STAIRS
• This types of stairs are generally made
only two or three steps.

• They add a very attractive look .

• They require very little in the way of

maintenance.

RUET
ESCALATORS
• It is a power driven, inclined,
continuous stairway.

• The stair way has continuous

operation without the need for
operators.

• The main component of an escalator

are a steel trussed frame work, hand
rails and an endless belt of steps.
ZERO POINT
THANK YOU……
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