JGB 20203 Engineering Drawing

1
& Computer Aided Design
WW1 (P): Introduction
2 Setting up

 https://www.autodesk.com/education/free-software/all
 Click on AutoCAD
3
4  Upon completion, sign in to your account
5  Choose your application, then install via download.
 Now let Autodesk install it in your machine.
Meanwhile, lets utilize our time by continuing our study.

6
Engineering Drawing vs CAD
7 ENGINEERING
DRAWING
 “Lukisan kejuruteraan”
 Most basic yet very important skill
& knowledge for designers.
 A method of representing a design
model
 Often done manually on paper
CAD – Computer Aided
Design
 An extension of engineering
drawing
 Use of computer program for
designing
 Virtual drawing of model
 Often used for 3D object & plant
design
 Easy to manipulate
 ENGINEERING DRAWING
8
STANDARD
9 Standards Authority
 Standards provide rules for their specification and interpretation.
 Standardization also aids internationalization, because people from
different countries who speak different languages can read the same
engineering drawing, and interpret it the same way.

USA : ASME Y14.5 and Y14.5M

UK : BS 8888
Malaysia : Malaysian Standards (MS) by Department of Standards
Malaysia
10 Malaysian Standard for Technical Drawings

1. MS ISO 128-1:2010 (CONFIRMED:2015) TECHNICAL DRAWINGS - General

Principles Of Presentation - Part 1: Introduction And Index (Iso 128-1:2003, Idt) 2015

2. MS ISO 129-1:2009 TECHNICAL DRAWINGS - Indication Of Dimensions And

Tolerances - Part 1:general Principles (Iso 129-1:2004, Idt) 2009
3. MS ISO 225:2014 FASTENERS - Bolts, Screws, Studs And Nuts - Symbols And
Descriptions Of Dimensions (First Revision) (Iso 225:2010, Idt) 2014
4. MS 290:1975 (CONFIRMED:2004) Specification For Paper (Drawing And Tracing)
5. MS 2522-1:2013 to MS 2522-5:2013 Technical Drawing For Construction Industry
Using Computer Aided Design (Cad) - Part 1(Drafting Fundamentals) to Part 5
(Organising and Naming of CAD Files)

https://www.msonline.gov.my/catalog.php
11
STANDARD PAPER SIZE – ANSI standard (American National
Standard Institute)
A. 8.5” x 11”      A. 9” x 12”
B. 11” x 17”      B. 12” x 15”
C. 17” x 22”      C. 18” x 24”
D. 22” x 34”      D. 24” x 36”
E. 34” x 44”       E. 36” x 48”

Common size used

A4, A3, A1, A0
12 LINES

Each lines have their own function. Every line

attributes to:
1.Shape
2.Thickness
3.Use
13
Drawing layout
All engineering drawings should feature a title block.

The title block should include:

Title : title of the drawing

Name : name of the person who produced the drawing
Checked : before manufacture, drawings are usually checked
Version : many drawings are amended, each revision must be noted
Date : the date the drawing was produced or last amended
Notes : any note relevant to the drawing
Scale : the scale of the drawing
Company name: name of the company
Projection: the projection system used to create the drawing
16
Projection & Views
17 Three Type of Projections

1.Orthographic Projection
2.Isometric Projection
3.Sectional Views
ORTHOGRAPHIC
PROJECTION

AN INTRODUCTION
Orthographic Projections

Orthographic Projections are a collection of 2-D drawings that work

together to give an accurate overall representation of an object.
Six Principal
Views or
Orthographic
Views
Which Views to Present?

General Guidelines
 Pick a Front View that is most descriptive of object
 Normally the longest dimension is chosen as the
width (or depth)
 Most common combination of views is to use:
 Front, Top, and Side View
Glass Box Approach

 Place the object in a glass box

 Freeze the view from each direction (each of the six sides
of the box) and unfold the box
Glass Box Approach
Glass Box Approach
Glass Box Approach
Glass Box Approach
Glass Box Approach
Glass Box Approach
First and Third Angle Projections

Third-angle Projection

First-angle Projection

 Third Angle
 First Angle
Conventional Orthographic Views
Width

Top Depth
View/Plan

Right
Front View Side Height
View
 Lines on an engineering drawing signify more than just the geometry of the object and it is
important that the appropriate line type is used.

Line Thickness

For most engineering drawings you will require two thickness', a thick and thin line.
The general recommendation are that thick lines are twice as thick as thin lines.

A thick continuous line is used for visible

                                            
 

edges and outlines.

A thin line is used for hatching, leader
                                               lines, short centre lines, dimensions and
projections.
Line Styles

Other line styles used to clarify important features on drawings are:

                                           
 

Thin chain lines are a common feature on engineering drawings used to

indicate centre lines. Centre lines are used to identify the centre of a circle,
cylindrical features, or a line of symmetry.
                                            
 

Dashed lines are used to show important hidden detail for example wall
thickness and holes..
Precedence of Lines

 Visible lines takes precedence over all other lines

0.6 mm

 Hidden lines and cutting plane lines take precedence over center lines

0.3 mm

 Center lines have lowest precedence

0.6 mm
For Example:

1. Visible
2. Hidden
3. Center
 Dimensioning
A dimensioned drawing should provide all the information necessary for a finished product or part to
be manufactured. An example dimension is shown below.

                                                                                                                                                                                                        

Dimensions are always drawn using continuous thin lines. Two projection lines indicate where the
dimension starts and finishes. Projection lines do not touch the object and are drawn perpendicular to
the element you are dimensioning.
All dimensions less than 1 should have a leading zero. i.e. .35 should be written as 0.35
Types of Dimensioning

 Parallel Dimensioning
 Parallel dimensioning consists of several dimensions originating from one projection line.
•Superimposed Running Dimensions

•Superimposed running dimensioning simplifies parallel

dimensions in order to reduce the space used on a drawing. The
common origin for the dimension lines is indicated by a small
circle at the intersection of the first dimension and the projection
line.
•Chain Dimensioning

•Combined Dimensions
A combined dimension uses both chain and parallel dimensioning.
 Dimensioning of circles

 (a) shows two common methods of dimensioning a circle. One method dimensions
the circle between two lines projected from two diametrically opposite points. The
second method dimensions the circle internally.

 (b) is used when the circle is too small for the dimension to be easily read if it was
placed inside the circle.
 Dimensioning Radii

 All radial dimensions are proceeded by the capital R.

(a) shows a radius dimensioned with the centre of the radius located on the drawing.

(b) shows how to dimension radii which do not need their centres locating.
 Tolerancing
 It is not possible in practice to manufacture products to the exact figures
displayed on an engineering drawing. The accuracy depends largely on the
manufacturing process. A tolerance value shows the manufacturing department
the maximum permissible variation from the dimension.
 Each dimension on a drawing must include a tolerance value. This can appear
either as:

 a general tolerance value applicable to several dimensions. i.e. a note

specifying that the General Tolerance +/- 0.5 mm.
 or a tolerance specific to that dimension
ISOMETRIC PROJECTION
43 Isometric Dimensions
 Isometric dimensions are parallel to and align with a corresponding
plane.

An example of an isometric part drawing with isometric dimensions. Note the text
and arrowhead orientation in relation to the extension lines.
SECTIONAL PROJECTION
45 Sectional View
 A model documentation section view is a projected view from an
existing drawing view, where you use a section line to cut through
the drawing view in order to reveal what is inside.
  Components cut by the section line are hatched in the section view.
46
Mechanical engineering drafting practices demand that components
such as fasteners and shafts must not be hatched (sectioned).