Professional Documents
Culture Documents
and
city development
(EiABC)
(COTM 5201)
By
Getaneh G.
March 2012
1. FUNDAMENTALS OF GENERAL MANAGMNET
1.1 Introduction
organizational goals.
Planning is devising a systematic approach for attaining the
goals of the organization.
Organizing is determining how activities and resources are
grouped and the composition of work groups and the way in
which work and activities are to be coordinated.
Leading is guiding, leading and overseeing of employees to
achieve organizational goals.
Controlling is establishing performance standards and
comparing results and expectations to make appropriate
changes.
1.2 Levels of Management
The primary function of top managers is strategic and
top managers.
organization.
departments.
1.4.1 Types of organizational structures
Tom Burns and G. M. Stalker classify organizational structures into
mechanistic and organic forms.
Mechanistic organizations are rather rigid in that they comprise
distinctly delineated jobs, clearly defined hierarchical structure and
are driven primarily by top-down command and control. Mechanistic
organizations are tall structures, consisting of hierarchies with several
layers of management levels.
In a divisional organization,
divisional structures are
grouped according to workflow
and structures are made up of
independent strategic
organizational units.
The workflow can be broken
into product lines, geographic
regions, etc.
Matrix organization
The manager has to not only set the vision and strategy but
4. training.
1.5.2 Motivation Motivation is the key to performance
perform.
Broadly, there are ten strategies to induce employee motivation and
improve their work performance:
(a) job security,
researchers.
Five important approaches that have led to the understanding
of motivation are;
Maslow’s Need-Hierarchy Theory,
Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory,
Vroom’s Expectancy Theory,
Adams’ Equity Theory, and
Skinner’s Reinforcement Theory.
Maslow’s Need of Hierarchy
worked and that they would like least to work with again, and then to
High LPC leaders tend to have close and positive relationships and act
Low LPC leaders put the task first and will turn to relationships only