THE STRUCTURE OF

FLOWERING PLANTS

By: Hiba Milhem

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 CONCEPT MAP

Plant Tissues

include

Dermal Vascular Ground

tissue tissue tissue

includes includes includes

Epidermal Parenchyma Collenchyma Schlerenchyma

Xylem Phloem
cells cells cells cells

includes includes

Vessel Sieve tube Companion

Tracheids elements elements cells
THE ROOT SYSTEM

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 Vascular
cylinder

endodermis
pericycle

phloem
xylem
cortex

epidermis
root hair
µm 50
b. Vascular cylinder

phloem
Zone of endodermis
maturation water and
Casparian minerals
strip

xylem of
vascular
cylinder

pericycle
Zone of
elongation
c. Casparian strip

procambium
ground
Zone of meristem
cell division protoderm
root apical meristem
protected by
root cap

root cap

a. Root tip
ORGANIZATION AND DIVERSITY OF LEAVES
 Leaves contain:
 Upper and lower epidermis
 Waxy cuticle
 Trichomes
 Lower epidermis has stomata for gas exchange
 Mesophyll
 Eudicot leaves have
 Palisade mesophyll containing elongated cells
 Spongy mesophyll containing irregular cells bounded by air spaces
 Contains many chloroplasts
ORGANS OF FLOWERING PLANTS
 Monocots (Single cotyledon)
 Cotyledons act as transfer tissue
 Root vascular tissue occurs in ring
 Parallel leaf venation
 Flower parts arranged in multiples of three

 Eudicots (Two cotyledons)

 Cotyledons supply nutrients to seedlings
 Root phloem located between xylem arms
 Netted leaf venation
 Flower parts arranged in multiples of four or five
MONOCOTS VERSUS EUDICOTS

Seed Root Stem Leaf Flower

Monocots

Root xylem and Vascular bundles Leaf veins form Flower parts in threes
One cotyledon in seed phloem in a ring scattered in stem a parallel pattern and multiples of three
Eudicots

Root phloem between Vascular bundles Leaf veins form Flower parts in fours or
Two cotyledons in seed arms of xylem in a distinct ring a net pattern fives and their multiples

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Types of tissue in leaves.
Section of dicot leaf
Tissues type in stem
Type of tissue in stem