Conceptualization:

Importance of concepts
in PE, Sport &
Recreation
 Wellness
▰ Includes mental, emotional, spiritual,
nutritional and physical health.

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 Health
▰ "...a state of complete physical, mental, and social
well-being, and not merely the absence of disease
or infirmity."- The World Health Organization
▰ "a conscious, self-directed and evolving process of
achieving full potential."- The National Wellness
Institute

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 Physical Culture
▰ The sum total of a society’s activities and attitudes
connected with physical development and
education.

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 Play
▰ Any activity freely chosen, intrinsically motivated,
and personally directed.
▰ Non-serious but at the same time absorbing the
player intensely.
▰ It has no particular goal other than itself.
▰ Play is not a specific behavior, but any activity
undertaken with a playful frame of mind
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- Goldstein, J. (2012).
 Game
▰ Usually implying winners
and losers, range from co-
operative activities to
competitions with
significant outcomes
governed by rules.

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 Sport
▰ Any highly structured, goal-
directed physical activity
governed by rules, which has
a high level of commitment,
takes the form of a struggle
with oneself or involves
competition with others, but
which also has some of the
characteristics of play. 7
 Sport
▰ Sport involves:
▻ either vigorous physical exertion or the
use of relatively complex physical skills
by individuals whose participation is
motivated by a combination of the
intrinsic satisfaction associated with the
activity itself and the external rewards
earned through participation.
▻Rigid rules 8
 Athletics
▰ Organized, highly
competitive activity
in which skilled
individuals
participate

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 Exercise
▰ Exercise, is a subcategory of physical activity that
is planned, structured, repetitive, and purposeful in
the sense that the improvement or maintenance of
one or more components of physical fitness is the
objective.

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- The World Health Organization.
 Physical Activity
▰ Any bodily movement produced by skeletal
muscles that requires energy expenditure and
produces various health benefits:
▻ reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases,
diabetes, colon and breast cancer, and depression.
▰ Physical inactivity has been identified as the
fourth leading risk factor for global mortality.
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- The World Health Organization.
 Leisure Activity
▰ Leisure can be viewed as activities that people engage in
during their free time - activities that are not work oriented or
that do not involve life maintenance tasks such as
housecleaning or sleeping.
▰ Leisure activity encompasses the activities that we engage in
for reasons as varied as relaxation, competition, or growth
and may include reading for pleasure, meditating, painting,
and participating in sports.

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- Hurd & Anderson (2010). 
 Recreation
▰ Activity that people engage in during their free time, that
people enjoy, and that people recognize as having socially
redeeming values.
▰ Unlike leisure, recreation has a connotation of being morally
acceptable not just to the individual but also to society as a
whole.
▰ While recreation activities can take many forms, they must
contribute to society in a way that society deems acceptable.
This means that activities deemed socially acceptable for
recreation can change over time.
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- Hurd & Anderson (2010). 
 Physical Recreation
▰ Physical activity which is pursued for enjoyment and in order to
refresh health or spirits.
▰ Physical recreation is usually more purposeful and planned than
play, but it tends to have a limited organizational structure.
▰ Some highly competitive and organized sports are pursued as
physical recreation, but the main purpose of the person taking part
is to gain refreshment and not to compete.
▰ Examples of recreational activities are endless and include sports,
music, games, travel, reading, arts and crafts, and dance.

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 Physical Fitness

▰ The ability of a person to function efficiently and

effectively, to enjoy leisure, to be healthy, to resist
hypokinetic disease, and to cope with emergency
situations.

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- Clarke, H. H. (1971).  
 Physical Fitness

▰ The health-related components of physical fitness

include: body composition, cardiovascular fitness,
flexibility, muscular endurance, and strength. Skill-
related components include agility, balance, co-
ordination, power, reaction time and speed.

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 Physical Fitness

▰ Power, as a skill-related part of fitness, is now also can be

classified as a health-related part of fitness.
▰ A report by the independent Institute of Medicine provides
evidence of the link between physical power and health. The
report indicates that power is associated with wellness,
higher quality of life, reduced risk of chronic disease and
early death, and better bone health.

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- Corbin & Le Masurier, (2014). 
 Physical Training

▰ An exercise program systematically designed to

assist the learning of skills, to improve physical
fitness, and thereby to prepare an athlete for a
particular competition. Training includes
conditioning, specific technical training, and
psychological preparation.

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 Physical Education

▰ Any planned program of motor activities that help

individuals to develop and control their bodies. Physical
education is a process through which favorable adaptation
and learning (organic, neuromuscular, intellectual , social ,
emotional, cultural and aesthetic) result from and proceed
through fairly vigorous physical activity.
▰ A formal area of educational activity in which the main
concern is to nurture desirable characteristics, values or
cultures to children with bodily movements and which takes
place in an educational establishment like schools.
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 Conditioning Exercise

▰ An activity which improves cardiovascular

endurance as well as muscle strength and
endurance.
▰ Conditioning exercises result in an increase in the
energy capacity of the muscle or muscles which
are exercised. They are not primarily concerned
with developing skill.

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 Kinesiology

▰ The scientific study of human motion, focuses on the art and

science of how the body moves.
▰ A discipline or body of knowledge that focuses on physical
activity from three different related sources
▻ Experiencing PA.
▻ Studying the theoretical and conceptual bases of PA.
▻ Engaging in professional practice centered on PA.

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- Hoffman, S. (2013). 
THANKS!

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