3

Chapter

A Down-to-Earth Approach 10/e

Slides by Dan Cavanaugh

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Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Chapter 3:Socialization
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1
 What is Human Nature?

Nature vs. Nurture -

Oscar and Jack
 Feral Children
 Isolated Children
 Institutionalized Children
 Deprived Animals
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 In Sum…

Society Makes Us Human

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 Socialization into
the Self and Mind
Cooley and the Looking
Glass Self
 We Imagine How We Appear
to Those Around Us
 We Interpret Others’
Reactions
 We Develop a Self-Concept
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 Socialization into
the Self and Mind
Mead and
Role-Taking
 Imitation
 Play

 Team Games

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 Socialization into
the Self and Mind
Piaget and the Development
of Reasoning
 Sensorimotor Stage
 Preoperational Stage
 Concrete Operational Stage
 Formal Operational Stage
 Global Aspects of Self and
Reasoning
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 Global Aspects of
Self and Reasoning
 Self May Develop Earlier
than Mead Suggests
 Stages not as Distinct as
Piaget Concluded

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 Learning Personality,
Morality, and Emotions
 Freud and the Development
of Personality
 Kohlberg and the
Development of Morality
 Gilligan and Gender
Differences in Morality
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 Socialization into
Emotions
 Global Emotions
 Expressing Emotions
 What We Feel
 Research Needed
 Society Within Us: The
Self and Emotions as
Social Control
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 Society Within Us

 The Self and Emotions

as Social Control
 Are We Free?
 Expectations of Family
and Friends
 Social Mirror
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 Socialization into Gender

 Learning the
Gender Map
 Gender Messages
in the Family
 Gender Messages
from Peers
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 Cultural Diversity
Around the World
 Women Becoming Men

 Around Since 15th Century

 No Change in Biology,

Only Gender
 Changing with Openess
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 Socialization into Gender

 Gender Messages in the

Mass Media
 Advertising
 Television
 Video Games
 Anime

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 Agents of Socialization

 The Family

 The First Group with Impact

 The Family and Social Class

 The Neighborhood

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 Agents of Socialization

 Religion
 Day Care
 The School
 Manifest Function
 Latent Functions

 Peer Groups
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 Agents of Socialization

 The Workplace
 Resocialization
 Mild - New Boss
 Intense - Alcoholics
Anonymous
 Total Institutions - Boot Camp

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 Socialization Through Life

 Childhood - Birth to ~12 yrs

 Adolescence - 13 to 17 yrs

 Transitional Adulthood - 18 to

29 yrs

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 Source: Furstenberg, et al. 2004.

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 Socialization Through Life

 The Middle Years -

30 to 65 yrs
 Early Middle Years -

30 to 49 yrs
 Later Middle Years -

50 to 65 yrs
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 Socialization Through Life

 Transitional Older Years

~65 yrs on

 Later Older Years

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 Sociological Significance
of the Life Course
 Does Not Merely
Represent Biology
 Social Factors Influence
Life Course
 Social Location Very
Significant
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 Are We Prisoners
of Socialization?
 Sociologists Do Not

Think So
 Individuals Are Actively

Involved in the
Construction of the Self
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Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Chapter 3:Socialization 23