REMAINDER THEOREM

OBJECTIVES:
• Recall how to evaluate polynomial
functions using synthetic
substitution.
• Prove remainder theorem.
 LET’S RECALL
•  
Evaluate

-1 3 0 -5 15 -12
-3 3 2 -17

3 -3 -2 17 -29

P(-1) = -29
remainder
 REMAINDER THEOREM
•The
  remainder theorem states that if a
polynomial is divided by , then the
remainder is .
 EXAMPLE 1
•Let
  , use the remainder theorem to
evaluate .

-6 -4 -2
3 2 1 -9

P(-2)= -9
 EXAMPLE 2
•Find
  the remainder when is divided by
a.

1 1 6
1 1 6 -1
P(1)= -1
 EXAMPLE 2
•Find
  the remainder when is divided by
b.

This time let us use direct substitution.

 

P(-3)= -49
 EXAMPLE 3
• When x5 – 3x4 – 2x3 + 4x2 – 2kx + 3 is divided
by x + 1, the remainder is -7, what is k?
 
𝑅=𝑃(−1)
5 4 3 2
−7=( −1 ) −3 ( −1 ) − 2 ( −1 ) +4 ( − 1 ) −2 𝑘 ( −1 )+3
 

 
−7=−1 −3+2+ 4+2 𝑘 +3
7 − 5=2 𝑘
− 12 =2 𝑘
− 6 =𝑘
 EXAMPLE 4
• When x3 – kx2 + 5x + 3 leaves a remainder of
-11 when divided by x - 2, what is k?
 
𝑅 = 𝑃 (2)
3 2
 
− 11= ( 2 ) − 𝑘 ( 2 ) +5(2 )+3
−11=8 − 4 𝑘 +10+3
 

 
−11 − 21=− 4 𝑘
 
− 32=− 4 𝑘
 
8 =𝑘
 Try this!
•When
  divided by , the remainder is 16.
Find the value of k.

k = -2