Now and Then

Johann Bernhard Basedow

1723-1790
∗First to recognize the importance of
exercise

∗Required a specific uniform for his

students to allow unrestricted
movement

∗Offered a camp for 2 months during

the summer for the children

∗Was known as a difficult man to work

with
For More Information go to
www.bookrags.com/Johann_Berhard_Ba
sedow
 Charles Beck
1798-1866

⋆Friend and follower of Jahn

⋆Was hired to teach Latin and

Physical Education in the form of
German gymnastics

⋆Became the first official Physical

Education teacher in America
 Diocletian (Dio) Lewis
1823-1866

♣ Did more to promote physical

education than any other single
individual
♣ Wanted the feeble, old, fat, frail
and women to have a system they
could use
♣ Opened the Normal Institute of
Physical Education in Boston
♣ Invented bean bags and wooden
dumbells
♣ Also used music to enhance his
exercises
For More Information go to:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diocleti
an_Lewis
 Dudley Allen Sargent
1840-1924

☺ Invented over 80 machines, using pulleys

& weights

☺ Contributed to anthropometric
measurements
- He took these measurements and
compared them with standards at a given
age, whereupon a series of prescribed
exercises was given to meet the demands of
each particular case
 School Time Games
 Midnight
 Roll Ball
 Puss in the Circle
 Spider
 Huntsman
 Brownies and Fairies
 Frog in the Sea
 The Lost Child
 Run for Your Supper
 Crows and Cranes
  Rules
 Formation – Two lines of
players, the same number in
each line, back to back and
about one yard apart
 The Game – One line is
designated as the crows, the
other cranes. If the teacher
calls out “cranes” the cranes
will turn and chase them.
Those tagged go over to the
other side. Should the teacher
call, “crows the play is
reversed. The side having the
greatest number of players at
the end of the playing times
wins.
 Do you ever wonder where  Kinesiology – From the
some of the words we use Greek words “kinesis”
in physical education come movement .
from?
 Physical Education – From
 Exercise – From the Latin the Latin words “physica,”
words “ex” & “arcere,” to physics and “educatio.”
restrain.
 Physiology – From the
 Gymnasium – From the Greek words “phusio,”
Greek word “gumnasion” or nature and ology for branch
“gumnazein” meaning to of learning.
exercise naked.
 Flexibility – From the Latin
word “flexus”, to bend.
◉ 1820s Some American schools integrated
P.E. into their curriculum

◉ After the Civil War, many states required

that schools teach physical education

◉ For the first time, specialized training was

offered for physical education instructors

◉ In another first, colleges offered

intercollegiate sports such as rowing,
football, and track and field

◉ The Olympic Games were restored in

1896, after a 1,400-year interlude
 Large groups, limited
equipment
 Athletes are leaders
 Skill related
 Teacher directed
 Emphasis on competition
 Grades based on
attendance, dress, skill,
level, fitness scores
Old PE Looks Like This
 Small groups; adequate
equipment for active
participation
 All students have
opportunities for success
 Health related
 Teacher as coach/guide
 Emphasis on cooperation
 Grades based on self-
improvement, self-
evaluation; peer
assessment, skill rubrics
New PE Looks Like This
- Should Include the Following
Three Things

⊛ Opportunities for students to

learn (time, equipment)

⊛ Meaningful Content (variety,

understanding)

⊛ Appropriate Instruction
(inclusion, practice, assessment)

-Importance at each level:

www.aahperd.org/naspe/pdf_files/
pos_paper/pe_critical.pdf
The purpose of physical education is for
all students

♦ To learn and develop fundamental

movement skills

♦ To become physically fit to participate

regularly in physical activity

♦ To know the implications of and the

benefits from involvement in physical
activities

♦ To appreciate the value of physical activity

and its contributions to a healthy lifestyle
 • The percentage of overweight
children has more than doubled
since the early 1970s.

 • Physical inactivity and poor diet

account for an estimated 300,000
deaths per year.

 Inactive children are more likely to

become inactive adults.

 • The cost of overweight and

obesity to the U.S. economy is
$117 billion annually in direct and
indirect medical costs.

 Tips to getting fit

http://archieves.ob-
us.com/obs/english/books/pg/get
fit.htm
Why is Physical Education So Important?

Here's Why ...

☼ Reduced Risk of Heart Failure
☼Improved Physical Fitness
☼ Weight Reduction
☼ Good Health Promotion
☼ Self Discipline
☼ Skill Development
☼ Improved Self - Confidence
☼ Stress Reduction
☼ Increase Their Love of School and ☼
☼ Performance in Academics
☼ Development of Lifetime Skills and
Activities
  Most schools require students to change into
athletic clothes of their own while others require a
uniform.
 Uniform Consist of
◦ White t-shirt
◦ Shorts in the school color
◦ A change of shoes

Uniforms can vary depending

on the school.
 Physical fitness is not only one of
the most important keys to a
healthy
body, it is the basis of dynamic and
creative intellectual activity. The
relationship between the soundness
of the body and the activities of the
mind is subtle and complex. Much is
not yet understood. But we do know
what
the Greeks knew: that intelligence
and skill can only function at the
peak
of their capacity when the body is
healthy and strong."

- President John Fitzgerald Kennedy

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_Education

http://www.mikespe.com/physed_june_2004.html

http://images.google.com