GUIDANCE

and
COUNSELIN
G
CLASS
Jadess Lorraine Z. Fusio
REMINDERS
• Mute your microphone while someone is
speaking and unmute if you are about to
recite/speak.

• Prepare learning materials such as notebook,

paper, and pen

• Be mindful in using your video camera.

• Be attentive and avoid unnecessary activity.

PREVENTION
and
WELLNESS
٠ Determine the nature and purpose of
prevention and wellness as part of guidance
services,

٠differentiate the difference between

prevention and wellness, and

٠ describe the usual strategies or methods

being used in prevention and wellness.
I. PREVENTION
- The act of stopping something (such as disorder)
from happening or of stopping someone from doing
something.

- One of the goals of Guidance and Counseling and the rationale

for many of the services and activities offered by the Guidance
Program.

- Considered as a service because of the physical, emotional,

interpersonal, and financial cost of dealing with a disorder.
NATURE AND PURPOSE OF PREVENTION
THREE LEVELS OF PREVENTION DEPENDING ON THE
GRAVITY OF DISORDER

Primary Prevention Programs

1 - reduce the incidence in the community.
- directed for people who are not presently afflicted by the disorder.

Secondary Prevention Programs

2 - involves efforts to reduce the prevalence of a disorder
by reducing severity and duration,
- focus on people who experiencing the early onset of the disorder

Tertiary Prevention Programs

3 - deals with individuals already afflicted by the disorder and are
being helped to manage it, reduce its effects, and recover from it.
NATURE AND PURPOSE OF PREVENTION
STRATEGIES TO HAVE AN EFFECTIVE PREVENTION
PROGRAM
According to Gibson and Mitchell, 1999

1. Implemented before the onset of the indicators or symptoms of

disorder

2. Target populations, not individuals

3. Consider the uniqueness of the population and their environments, and

should therefore involve the assessment of a wide range of forces
influencing the lives of the target population

4. Consist of procedures that have been proven effective

5. Have strong organizational support even in the face of long-term goals

NATURE AND PURPOSE OF PREVENTION
CONTENT AREAS IN PREVENTION
• Coping skills and strategies
• Self-esteem
• Values
• Basic life skills for handling peer and social pressures
• Positive attitudes and behavior
• What constitutes a crisis event
• Thoughts, feelings and behaviors reactivated by crises

PEOPLE INVOLVED
• Support Groups
• Parents
• Older peers as role models and mentors
• Peers
PREVENTION METHODS
• Subtle education • Self-Management groups
• Group counseling • Tutoring and advising
• Individual counseling • Seminars and fora
• Training programs for teachers, • Plays
parents, counselors, and school • Film Viewing
administrators
• Group/Classroom Guidance
• Consultation
• Career Guidance and Planning
• Group discussions
• Special focus clubs
• Peer intervention
II. WELLNESS
• An integrated method of functioning
which is oriented towards maximizing
the potential of which the individual is Halbert Dunn, Father of
wellness movement
capable within the environment where
he/she is functioning (Dunn, 1961)

• Promote lifestyle change for healthy

living (Villar, 2007)
NATURE AND PURPOSE OF WELLNESS

EXERCISE

GOOD
DIET

STRESS-
FREE
LIFESTYLE
WELLNESS STRATEGIES
A. STRESS MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS

Stress Management
- Set of techniques and programs intended to help people deal more
effectively with stress in their lives by analyzing the specific stressors and
taking positive actions to minimize their effects (Gale Encyclopedia of
Medicine, 2008)
I. UNDERSTANDING STRESS
- Rate of wear and tear in the body
STRESS - Pressure from outside causing tension inside
- Biochemical reactions caused by transaction between self
…. and demand
TWO TYPES OF STRESS

1. Eustress - beneficial/positive stress

2. Distress - negative stress

WELLNESS STRATEGIES
A. STRESS MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS

I. UNDERSTANDING STRESS

STRESSORS - events or conditions in ones surrounding

……………………………..that may trigger stress.

TWO TYPES OF STRESSORS

1. Situational stressors - a person has no control over things

2. Self-imposed stressors - person feels as if he/she is never

doing enough or not
smart enough.
WELLNESS STRATEGIES
A. STRESS MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS

II. SELF-AWARENESS

a. Personality-Type Proneness
i. Stress prone personalities – do not cope with stress well
ii. Stress resistant personalities – cope with stress well
b. Life-Adjustment Demands

c. Stressful Conditions/Events

d. Stress Symptoms

e. Stress Levels
WELLNESS STRATEGIES
A. STRESS MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS

III. STRESS PREVENTION / MANAGEMENT

5 Dimensions of Stress Management

1. Physical Dimension : Lifestyle patterns

a. Diet
b. Sleep
c. Exercise

2. Social Dimension
a. Friends
b. Support Groups
c. Social Involvement
WELLNESS STRATEGIES
A. STRESS MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS

III. STRESS PREVENTION / MANAGEMENT

5 Dimensions of Stress Management

3. Behavior Dimension
a. Leisure Activities
b. Time Management
c. Proactive Behaviors

4. Cognitive – Emotional Dimension

a. Irrational Ideas
b. Self-Talk
c. Cognitive Restructuring
d. Thought Switching
e. Reframing
f. Creative Problem-Solving
WELLNESS STRATEGIES
A. STRESS MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS

III. Stress Prevention/Management

5 Dimensions of Stress Management

5. Spiritual Dimension
a. Forgiveness
b. Letting Go, Letting God
WELLNESS STRATEGIES
B. Recreation and Leisure Activities

Gibson and Mitchell (1999) believe that counselors concerned with

the total well-being of their clients must be sensitive to the leisure time
activities in enhancing their clients’ quality life and meeting their needs.

LEISURE - goes beyond free time and can be devoted to the pursuit of
TIME specific activities expected to be enjoyable.

NEGATIVE outcomes of excessive free time:

• Boredom
• Frustration
• Anger
• Low self-esteem
• Distress
• Destructive activities
WELLNESS STRATEGIES
B. Recreation and Leisure Activities

LEISURE - Stimulate and motivate a person and produce

ACTIVITIES feelings of rejuvenation and relaxation.

Other benefits derived from leisure time (Gibson and Mitchell, 1999)
• Stress reduction
• Personal growth
• Opportunities for exploration
• Development of new horizons
WELLNESS STRATEGIES
B. Recreation and Leisure Activities
Leisure activities must be based on the following, according to
the theory advanced by Tinsley & Tinsley (1988).

1. Leisure focuses on the individual’s subjective experiences

a. COGNITIVE
- concentration on the ongoing experience
- forgetting of self
- decreased awareness of time

b. AFFECTIVE
- feelings of freedom
- enriched perception of objects and events
- increased intensity of emotions
- amplified sensitivity to bodily sensations
WELLNESS STRATEGIES
B. Recreation and Leisure Activities

2. While varying in intensity, leisure can only accomplish the

above if the individual perceives the activity as:

a. freely chosen
b. intrinsically satisfying
c. optimally arousing
d. requiring a sense of commitment
WELLNESS STRATEGIES
B. Recreation and Leisure Activities

Options of leisure activities for the institutions – the school, industry or

corporation
1. Orientation to and selection of flow experiences and positive addictions
2. Growth groups focusing on the discovery of meaningful recreational
pursuits
3. Special-interest activities like:
• Travel
• Ballroom dancing
• Aerobics
• Playtime with simple games
• Basketball
• Bowling
• Badminton
• Swimming
• Little parties or “munting salu-salo’’
WELLNESS STRATEGIES
C. Quieting Activities

1. Massage
2. Spa
3. Centering prayer
4. Meditation
5. Yoga
6. Solitary Walking
7. Retreats
8. Zen
9. Autogenic suggestions for relaxation
10. Breathing exercises
11. Aromatherappy
12. Soaking in a bathtub or a pool
13. Hydrotheraphy
SUMMARY
I. PREVENTION
- The act of stopping something (such as
disorder) from happening or of stopping
someone from doing something.

II. WELLNESS
- Promote lifestyle change for healthy living
(Villar, 2007)
P R E V E N T I O N and W E L L N E S S