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Advanced Engineering Mathematics: Laplace Transform
Advanced Engineering Mathematics: Laplace Transform
Mathematics
LAPLACE TRANSFORM
Laplace Transform
f (t )dt lim e st f (t )dt
st
e
0 0
t0
L f (t ) F ( s )
Laplace Transform
Problem 1:
L 1 e st (1) dt lim e st dt
b
0 0
b
b
e st
lim
b s 0
e sb 1
lim
b s
1
s0
s
Linear Transform
L f (t ) g (t ) L f (t ) L g (t )
F ( s) G ( s)
Laplace Transform
Problem 2: Evaluate L{t}
L t e st (t ) dt
0
st
te 1 st
lim e
b s 0
s 0
1 11
1
s ss
1
2 s0
s
Transformation Laplace
Problem 3: Evaluate L{e-3t}
L {e } e e
3t st 3t
dt e ( s 3)t dt
0 0
( s 3) t
e 1
s 3
s3 0
s3
Transformation Laplace
Problem 4: Evaluate L{sin2 t}
1 cos 2t 1 1
L {sin 2 t} L L 1 L cos 2t
2 2 2
11 1 s 2
2 s 2 s 2 4 s ( s 2 4)
Transformation Laplace
Problem 2:
1
L 1
s
L t n
n!
n 1, 2, 3,
s n 1
L e at
1
sa
k
L sin kt
s2 k 2
s
L cos kt 2
s k2
k
L sinh kt 2
s k2
s
L cosh kt 2
s k2
Inverse Transform
f (t ) L -1 F ( s )
1
1 L -1
s
n!
t n L -1 n 1 n 1, 2, 3,
s
1
e at L -1
s a
k
sin kt L -1 2 2
s k
s
cos kt L -1 2 2
s k
k
sinh kt L -1 2 2
s k
s
cosh kt L -1 2 2
s k
Linear Transform
1 1 4! 1
n 4 L 1 5 L 1 5 t 4
s 4! s 24
Inverse Transform
Problem 2:
1
Evaluate L 1 2
s 64
1 1 1 8 1
k 2 64 L 1 2 L 2 sin 8t
s 64 8 s 64 8
Inverse Transform
Problem 3:
3s 5
Evaluate L 1 2
s 7
3s 5 1 s 5 1 7 5
L 1 2 3L 2 L 2 3 cos 7t sin 7t
s 7 s 7 7 s 7 7
Applications
Deflection of Beams
Axis of symmetry
Deflection of curve
0 L
x
y(x)
y
d 2M
w( x)
dx 2
M ( x) EI
E Young' s Modulus of elasticity
I Moment inertia of cross section of the beam
Applications
Deflection of Beams
d 2M
2
w( x)
dx
0 L
x M ( x) EIk
y(x) y
k
y
1 ( y) 2
3/ 2
w0
Wall x
L
y
A beam of length L is embedded at both ends. In this case the deflection
y(x) must satisfy: 4
d M
EI w( x)
dx 4
y (0) 0, y ( L) 0, y (0) 0, y( L) 0
w( x) w0 0 xL
Applications
Determining deflection of a Beam
using Laplace Transform
EI s 4Y ( s) s 3 y (0) s 2 y ' (0) sy(0) y(0)
w0
s
w0
s 4Y ( s) sy(0) y(0)
EIs
c1 c2 w0
c1 y(0) c2 y(0) Y s
s 3 s 4 EIs 5
c 2! c 3! w 4!
y x 1 L -1 3 2 L -1 4 0 L -1 5
2! s 3! s 4! EI s
c c w
y ( x) 1 x 2 2 x 3 0 x 4
2 6 24 EI
Applications
Determining deflection of a Beam
using Laplace Transform
y ( L) 0 y( L) 0
c c w
1 L2 2 L3 0 L4 0
2 6 24 EI
c w
c1 L 2 L2 0 L3 0
2 6 EI
c1 w0 L / 12 EI
c2 w0 L / 2 EI
w0 L2 2 w0 L 3 w w
x 0 x4 0 x2 x L
2
y ( x) x
24 EI 12 EI 24 EI 24 EI