Social Research m

%udKd;aul mrafhaIK
mrafhaIK l%shdj,sh
 mrAfhaIK jrA.
Ndjs;dj wruqKq fidhkq ,nk f;dr;=re
jrA.

Y=oaO mrAfhaIK jsia;rd;aul .fjzIKd;aul m

%udKd;aul

jHjydrsl iyiuznkaO;d .=Kd;aul

 m%udKd;aul mrAfhaIK hkq
• ixLHd jsoHd;aul o;a; jsYaf,aIKh lrkq ,efnz’
• ksheos wdY%fhka idudkHlrKh l< yelsh’
• mrAfhaIlhd bosrsm;a lrk m%Yakdj,s, iuzuqL
idlpzPd u.Zska f;dr;=re ,nd.kS’
• mqoa., w.hhka ksYaps;j js.%y fkdlr ^jsYajdih,
w.;ska u;& jsIhnoaOj
Quantitative Data
m%udKd;aul o;a;
 m%udKd;aul mrAfhaIK yd .=Kd;aul mrAfhaIk
w;r fjki

Quantitative ^m%udKd;aul& Qualitative ^.=Kd;aul&

iqjsfYaIs jq mgq m%Yak wihs’ mqtZ,a idudkH m%Yak wdosh

iyNd.sjkakkaf.a o;a; tl;= lrhs’ o;a; tl;= lsrSu jpkfhka wl=frka fyda
mska;=r u.Zska is\q lrhs’

ixLHdk o;a; jsYaf,aIKh lrhs jsia;rd;aul NdIdfjka jsYaf,aIKh lrhs’

w.;skaj,ska f;drj ^jsIh noaOhs& mqoa., noaOhs

 Data Collection Technique
Quantitative Qualitative
• Measure objective fact • Construct social reality,
• Focus on variables cultural meaning
• Reliability is key • Focus on interactive
• Value free processes, events
• Independent of context • Authenticity is key
• Many cases, subjects • Values are present and
• Statistical analysis explicit
• Researcher is detached • Situationally constrained
• Few cases, subjects
• Thematic analysis
• Researcher is involved
 iuSlaIK l%uh (survey method)

usksiqkaf.a is;=js,s, ye.Sus iy ls%hdjka Tjqkaf.ka iDcqj wid oek.ekSug iuSlaIK l%uh

ufkdajsoHdfõ jeo.;a ldrahNdrhla bgq lrhs. WodyrK jYfhka iuSlaIK l%uh Ndjs;d lr /lshd

;Dma;su;aNdjh .ek fiajlhkaf.a wdl,am fyda wmrdO .ek usksiqkaf.a w;aoelSï wdosh wmg fidhd.kak

mq¿jka' idudkHfhka iuSlaIK mj;ajkafka mq¿,a ck.yKhla ksfhdackh lsrSug f;dard.;a usksiqka

fldgilf.ka .=Kd;aul f;dr;=re ,nd.ekSughs' fldfydu jqK;a, tla;rd m%udKhlg fuh prahdjka" is is;=js,s

iy yeÕSï j,g ijsia;rd;aulj fya;= imhhs' fuu f;dr;=re m%Yakdj,s fyda iïuqL mrSlaIK uÕska tl;= lr.kS'
 m%Yakdj,shl m%Yak wdldr
Basic Types of Survey Questions
• jHqy.; fkdj $ jsjD; wjidkhla iys; m%Yak (Open Ended)
– ksoyfia ms<s;=re iemhsh yelsh’
– wod< f;dr;=re iemhsh yelsh’

• jHqy.; $ wdjD; m%Yak (Close Ended)

– nyqjrKhka
– fYa%Ks.; lsrSu
– mrdihka
– lKavdhuz .; lsrSuz
– ixLHd bosrsm;a lsrSu’
 fyd| m%Yakdj,shl ,laIK
Characteristics of a good Questionare
• mrAfhaIKfha ienE wruqK wdjrKh lsrSug m%Yakdj,sh iu;ajsh
hq;=h’
• fkdmeyeos<s fyda wrA: folla we;s m%Yak fkdweish hq;=h’

• m%Yak myiqfjka wjfndaO lr.; yelsjsh hq;=h’

• wjsksYaps; jpkj,ska iukajs; m%Yak fkdweish hq;=h’

• m%Yakdj,sfha wi, m%Yak mlaI.%dyS (Biased) fyda W;af;ackhla
we;s lrk m%Yak fkdweish hq;=h (Leading Questions)’
• ksYaps; ms<s;=re iys; m%Yak weish hq;=h’

• m%Yakdj,sh b;d os.= fkdjsh hq;=h’

• wfkl=;a m%Yakj,ska ,ndoS we;s ms<s;=re ksjeros oehs ;yjqre
lr.kakd m%Yak jrskajr weish hq;=h’
• usksiqka u;lh mrSlaId lrk m%Yakj,ska je<lsh hq;=h’
• wrA: folla iys; m%Yak fkdweish hq;=h’ (Double Barreled)

• mqrAj Wml,amk u; mokuz jq m%Yak fkdweish hq;=h’