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Gypsum
Gypsum
DR . HIRA RAZA
B.D.S
GYPSUM
• CHEMICAL NAME:
Gypsum : Calcium Sulphate Dihydrate
Gypsum Products : Calcium Sulphate Hemihydrate
• After mixing, place Impression tray on vibrator with only handle touching the
vibrator
• First increment of cast material poured at the end distal away from you
• Allow it to be vibrated around the arch
• Continue adding on distal side. Each portion added pushes mass ahead and
prevents air entrapment. Any excess water is expelled from opposite side
• When all teeth have been poured, add plaster in large portions
• wrap the impression and cast with wet paper to prevent loss of water for
crystallisation of gypsum
• After initial setting, the hardened stone is inverted onto soft stone
• Separate after 30 minutes
• Trim to orthodontic specification
SETTING
Plaster/Stone + Water Calcium Sulphate dihydrate
Setting accompanied by
production of heat
expansion[ ranging from 0.15%- 0.3%]
Final Setting: Hard : can not be carved although strength keeps increasing over
time
Controlling factors:
• Setting accelerated by
1. Nucleating agents like unconverted gypsum[CaSO4
dihydrate],Anhydrite and KS04/ salt
2. Decreasing W/P ratio
3. Increasing mixing time: breaks the set dihydrate crystals into nuclei
of crytallisation
• Setting delayed by
1. Borax[retarder]
2. Increasing W/P ratio
• Dimensionally stable
3. VOIDS
• Trapping of air due to Insufficient vibration
• Water in impression when cast was poured
4. ELONGATED TEETH
• Movement of impression when gelation was complete
5. BROKEN TEETH
• Delay in separation or careless separation