DESIGN OF A 16 MW

HYDROELECTRIC
POWER PLANT IN
LUMBAN, LAGUNA
DESIGNED BY:

Baitan, Gabby Jun R.

Callo, Steve Abner G.

 STATEMENT OF THE
PROBLEM
 According to the article of Philstar Global, Luzon grid would continue to
experience a supply crunch due to increasing demand on the back of higher
temperature.

 Department of Energy Secretary Alfonso Cusi stated in article of Business

Mirror: “With the growing economy spurring more and more commercial
activities, the demand for power is also growing, so we would need power plants
to sustain national development”.

 He added also that “Most probably (power plant), it was not within Meralco
franchise area. Our growth is now outside the economic center. We will also look
at individual submissions of distribution utilities,”
 The table show in previous slide is the summary of the census, the population
growth of Laguna Province increases 2.2 times from 1990 to 2015 while archipelago
of Luzon increases the population growth of 1.7 times from 1990 to 2015. This
means that Province of Laguna has higher population growth than the average growth
of Luzon island. Therefore, this indicates a higher electricity demand through the
years.
 THE
PROJECT
 First Laguna Electric Cooperative (FLECO) are main electrical distributor in District 4 of
Laguna where the dam is located.

 Caliraya Dam is an embankment dam located in the town of Lumban province of Laguna, in
the Sierra Madre Mountain Range of the Philippines.

 The dam's construction was started in 1939 under the supervision of the engineering firm
Pedro Siochi and Company and a small hydroelectric plant was operated in 1942.

 Three power generating plants are operating in the province:

1. 25 MW Botocan Hydro-electric Plant

2. 24 MW Caliraya Hydro-electric Plant

3. 20 MW Mak-Ban Geothermal Plant

 PROJECT OBJECTIVE
GENERAL OBJECTIVES
To design a 16MW capacity hydroelectric power plant in the province of Laguna which will
provide and sustain the demand of electricity in the area serviced by First Laguna Electric Cooperative,
Incorporated (FLECO, Inc) and also serve as backup/stand-by power plant to Luzon Grid.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

 To design a power plant that operates through renewable energy sources, which in turn limits the
dependence to conventional power sources.

 To cater the requirements of the client while considering multiple constraints and trade-offs.

 To provide design calculations of the power plant to be implemented with adherence to applicable
codes and standards.
 THE CLIENT
The main beneficiaries of this project
proposal are:

 The First Laguna Electric Cooperative,

Inc. (FLECO); and

 Franchise areas of First Laguna

Electric Cooperative, Inc. (FLECO),
the municipalities of
Cavinti,Pagsanjan, Lumban, Kalayaan,
Paete, Pakil, Pangil, Siniloan, Mabitac,
Famy, and Sta. Maria
 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS
The scopes of the proposed project are the following:

 Assessment of multiple constraints and tradeoffs; and

 Design of power plants in accordance with the mechanical codes and

standards

The proposed project is limited to the following:

 The development process of the project; and

 The proposed project is designed to be limited at 16 megawatts power

PROSPECTIVE LOCATION OF THE HYDROELECTRIC
POWER PLANT IN LUMBAN, LAGUNA
 CLOSER PROSPECTIVE LOCATION OF THE
HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT IN LUMBAN, LAGUNA
CALIRAYA DAM
 DESIGN CONSTRAINT
ECONOMIC CONSTRAINT (COST)
The construction of the overall Hydro-Electric Power Plant project
should fit and not exceed the budget of the client.

CONSTRUCTABILITY COST (DURATION OF CONSTRUCTION)

The lowest manpower used in a trade-off will be chosen as more
constructible design compared to the other trade-offs.

SERVICEABILITY AND SUSTAINABILITY (SERVICE

LIFETIME)
The most applicable part will be selected according to the
maximum number of years that it is functioning.
 TRADE-OFFS

CONCRETE DAM
 Gravity dam and Embankment Dam

PENSTOCK
 Steel Pipe and Steel Reinforced Concrete Pipe

SURGE TANK
 Simple Surge Tank and Restricted-Orifice Surge Tank

TURBINE
 Pelton Turbine and Francis Turbine
 COMPUTATION OF RANKING FOR ABILITY TO
SATISFY CRITERION OF MATERIALS:

higher value – lower value

% difference = X 100 Equation 1
higher value

Subordinate rank = Governing rank – % difference Equation 2

RANKING SCALE FOR PERCENTAGE DIFFERENCE

SOURCE: OTTO, K. N. AND ANTONSSON, E. K., (1991). TRADE-OFF

STRATEGIES IN ENGINEERING DESIGN. RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING
DESIGN, VOLUME 3, NUMBER 2, PAGES 87-104
FINAL DESIGN
 AVERAGE RAINFALL AND EVAPORATION FOR 2017
AND 2018 FOR LUMBAN LAGUNA DAM
SOURCE: PAGASA

Months Average Rainfall (mm) Evaporation (mm)

January 95.05 2.8515

February 25.9 17.181
March 43.65 59.669
April 142.25 16.000
May 224.65 2.268
June 285.9 3.058
July 196.8 2.042
August 321.95 0.801
September 179.15 1.624
October 179.15 1.733
November 192.4 2.189
December 392.15 16.084
Average 178.95 5.3685
 CONCLUSION
TRADE-OFFS

CONSTRAINTS DAM PENSTOCK SURGE TANK TURBINE

REINFORCED RESTRICTED
GRAVITY EMBANKMENT STEEL SIMPLE FRANCIS PELTON
STEEL ORIFICE

ECONOMIC                    

CONTRUCTIBILIT
                   
Y

SERVICEABILITY              

SUSTAINABILITY                    
 CONCLUSION

Based on the topography and geography of the municipality and the

province, this project is able to achieve the main objective which is to
design a 16 MW hydro-electric power plant using multiple constraints,
trade-offs and standards. After evaluating the type of material and the
type of each component for trade-offs (Type of Concrete Dam, Material of
Penstock, Type of Surge Tank, and Type of Turbine), the suitable
component’s material and type are chosen with respect to the given
constraints (economic, constructability, serviceability, and sustainability)
and in compliance to the engineering standards shown in Chapter 3.
 RECOMMENDATIONS
 Improvement on the material and  Design and implementation of
design to minimize risk factors due measures to address
to sinking, overturning, and environmental impact
sliding for a longer period of time  Policy and institutional framework
 Full assessment of costs and
benefits to the community
 Protection of the natural assets
like habitats, species, and the
ecosystem
-END-