THE PROBLEM

OF DROP-OUTS
 What do we mean by
“DROP-OUT”?
• A pupil who has not completed basic
education and no longer attends school .

• Dropout may refer either to leaving school

before passing any recognize exams, or to
leaving unqualified to pursue employment
opportunities of personal fulfilment.
(Dowrick, 2003)
 Reasons for Drop-outs

1 2 3

Family reasons Social reasons Academic reasons

Reasons…
• Doesn’t like school • Problems from family
• Doesn’t have money • Culture or society
• Lazy, wants to play • Peer pressure
• Has to get married
• Already has job
• Has failed some subjects
• School is boring
• Thinks school is boring
• Has to work
• Has learning problems
• Does not see benefit
• Doesn’t like school • Problems from family
• Doesn’t have money • Culture or society
• Lazy, wants to play • Peer pressure
• Has to get married • Already has job
• Has failed some subjects• School is boring
• Thinks school is boring • Has to work
• Has learning problems • Does not see benefit
 Reasons…
• Doesn’t like school • Problems from family
• Doesn’t have money • Culture or society
• Lazy, wants to play • Peer pressure
• Has to get married
• Already has job
• Has failed some subjects
• School is boring
• Thinks school is boring
• Has to work
• Has learning problems
• Does not see benefit
Group related ideas - Social

• Doesn’t like school • Problems from family

• Doesn’t have money • Culture or society
• Lazy, wants to play • Peer pressure
• Has to get married • Already has job
• Has failed some subjects• School is boring
• Thinks school is boring • Has to work
• Has learning problems • Does not see benefit
 Reasons…
• Doesn’t like school • Problems from family
• Doesn’t have money • Culture or society
• Lazy, wants to play • Peer pressure
• Has to get married
• Already has job
• Has failed some subjects
• School is boring
• Thinks school is boring
• Has to work
• Has learning problems
• Does not see benefit
Group related ideas – Academic

• Doesn’t like school • Problems from father

• Doesn’t have money • Culture or society
• Lazy, wants to play • Peer pressure
• Has to get married • Already has job
• Has failed some subjects• School is boring
• Thinks school is boring • Has to work
• Has learning problems • Does not see benefit
It is sometimes a
teacher/school
factor.
■ Excessive use of discipline methods such as
suspensions
■ Disregard of individual student
instructional/learning styles
■ Large enrolment /class size
■ Lack of professional development opportunities
■ Negative and/or unsafe school environment
■ Raised academic standards without adequate
school support
 TAKING A
CLOSER LOOK

12
STATUS
and ALTERABLE
VARIABLES
13
 Status Variables
Variables associated with dropout that are difficult and
unlikely to change

■ Age ■ Ability
■ Gender ■ Disability
■ Parental employment
■ Ethnicity/Native
■ School size and type
language
 Alterable Variables
Variables associated with dropout that can be changed

■ Grades  Sense of belongingness

■ Absenteeism ■ Attitudes toward school
■ School ■ Educational support in the
policies/climate home
■ Parent engagement ■ Stressful life events
 HOW CAN WE
PREVENT HAVING
DROP-OUTS?
16
 Here are the ways:

■ Connect students to an attainable future;

■ Provide academic assistance to help students

perform well in their coursework;

■ Recognize the importance of families in the

success of their children’s achievement and
school completion.
■ Build relationships and enhancing communication
between students and teachers

■ Provide individual academic and support

■ Help students address personal and family issues

through counseling and access to social services

■ Engagement.
■Don’t pressure them to do too much.

■Encourage a break, rather than quitting.

■Make Learning Relevant

■Pay Attention to Warning Signs

School Building
Construction
 BUILDING “GOOD” SCHOOLS
The objective of constructing school buildings are the following:

• Child-friendly
• Improve attendance rates and learning achievement
• Provide safe, inclusive, welcoming environment for all children.
• Cultivate harmony between the school and the community.
• Attract students
SAFETY AND RISK
REDUCTION
MEASURES
 SAFETY AND RISK REDUCTION MEASURES

1. Location/Site
~ Site selection criteria
Key factors to consider when choosing a site
include:
 Social
 Economic
 Safety
 Environmental
 SAFETY AND RISK REDUCTION MEASURES
2. Buildings
• Close off unused stairwells or do not leave areas of the
school unused.
• Install an alarm system and/or a closed-circuit television
monitoring system.
• Keep buildings clean and maintained.
• Prohibit posters in classroom windows.
• Limit roof access.
• Do not allow graffiti to linger on walls.
THANK YOU!